Objective To analyze the current status and influencing factors of occupational stress among firefighters in Shenzhen City. Methods A total of 5 434 first-line firefighters in Shenzhen City was selected as the study subjects using the judgment sampling method. The Job Content Questionnaire was used evaluate the occupational stress level. Results The detection rate of occupational stress in the study subjects was 52.5% (2 854/ 5 434). The result of dichotomous logistic regression analysis results showed that the risk of occupational stress was higher in firefighters who had a bachelor's degree or above than in those who had junior high school or below (P<0.01), the risk of occupational stress in those with irregular meals was higher than those with regular meals (P<0.01), and the risk of occupational stress was lower in those who exercised 1-3 times a month or ≥3 times a week than in those who did no daily exercise (all P<0.05). The risk of occupational stress was higher with older the weekly working hours, the more frequent the injury and the more firefighting workload (all P<0.01). The risk of occupational stress in firefighters who stand for a long time was higher than that in workers who not-stand for a long time (P<0.05). Conclusion The detection rate of occupational stress among the firefighters in Shenzhen City is relatively high. Educational level, dietary habits, daily exercise, weekly working hours, injury frequency, long-standing work and firefighting workload are all influencing factors for occupational stress in firefighters.

Objective To investigate the positive practice environments ( PPE ) of nurses and influencing factors at public hospitals , for reference of building a better PPE .Methods A national cross-sectional survey was performed at 77 public hospitals across seven provinces/metropolises, involving 5374 nurses.PPE included organizational management (internal) and nurses-patient relationship (external). Results The scoring of positive practice environment was 18.51 ±4.69 (total score of 40).The scoring of organizational management and nurses-patient relationship was 9.87 ±3.11 and 8.64 ±2.51 respectively. The scoring of PPE of nurses of general hospital ( GH) was higher than that of traditional Chinese medicine hospital(TCMH) (18.68 ±4.68 versus 18.08 ±4.67, P<0.01).Multivariable analysis showed that , compared with nurses who had not very much pressure about performance assessment , the scores of those who had were declined (βGH =-1.15, 95％CI: -1.55 to -0.76;βTCMH =-1.29, 95％CI: -1.92 to-0.66 ) );compared with nurses who paid less efforts in communicating with their patients , the scoring of those with greater efforts was higher (βGH =2.43, 95％CI:2.00 to 2.86;βTCMH =2.84, 95％CI:2.19 to 3.49).Conclusions PPE of nurses is poor in general in China , and the externally stressful nurse-patient relationship deserves greater attention and efforts than inefficient organization management internally .To improve PPE of nurses , hospitals need to moderate nurses′performance assessment and the nurses need to pay more attention to patient communication .

To explore the mechanism of tea albino variation and high theanine formation, 'Fuyun 6' and a new theanine-rich tea cultivar 'Fuhuang 2' were as materials in this study, pigment content, metabolome and transcriptome of the two cultivars were analyzed by ultramicroelectron microscopy, widely targeted metabolomics, targeted metabolomics and transcriptomics. The results showed that five catechins, theobromine, caffeine, and 20 free amino acids, including theanine, glutamine, arginine, etc., were identified by targeted metabolomics. The amino acid content of 'Fuhuang 2' was significantly higher than that of 'Fuyun 6', and the theanine content was as high as 57.37 mg/g in 'Fuhuang 2'. The ultrastructure of leaves showed that the chloroplast cell structure of 'Fuhuang 2' was fuzzy, most of the grana lamellae were arranged in disorder, with large gaps, and the thylakoids were filiform. The determination of pigments showed that compared with 'Fuyun 6', the contents of chlorophyll A and B, carotenoids, flavonoids and other pigments of 'Fuhuang 2' decreased significantly, some important pigment-related-genes, such as chlorophyllase (CLH), 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED), flavonoid 3β-hydroxylase (F3H) and flavonoid 3', 5'-hydroxylase (F3'5'H) were significantly changed. Compared with 'Fuyun 6', 'Fuhuang 2' identified 138 significantly changed metabolites (SCMs) and 658 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). KEGG enrichment analysis showed that SCMs and DEGs were significantly enriched in amino acid biosynthesis, glutathione metabolism and TCA cycle. In general, the albino phenotype of 'Fuhuang 2' may be caused by a deficiency in photosynthetic proteins, chlorophyll metabolism genes and chlorophyll content. The accumulation of high theanine in 'Fuhuang 2' may be due to the low nitrogen consumption in yellowed leaves and the lack of carbon skeleton, amino and nitrogen resources are stored more effectively, resulting in the up regulation of metabolites and related gene expression in the amino acid synthesis pathway, theanine has become a significant accumulation of nitrogen-containing compounds in yellowed leaves.
Camellia sinensis/genetics* ; Chlorophyll A/metabolism* ; Plant Proteins/genetics* ; Plant Leaves/chemistry* ; Chlorophyll/metabolism* ; Transcriptome ; Flavonoids/metabolism* ; Amino Acids/genetics* ; Tea ; Mixed Function Oxygenases/metabolism* ; Nitrogen/metabolism*