No abstract available.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group/*genetics ; Child ; Chromosome Disorders/*diagnosis ; *Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2 ; Gene Deletion ; Humans ; Male ; Matrix Attachment Region Binding Proteins/*genetics ; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Republic of Korea ; Transcription Factors/*genetics

We experienced a case of submucosal gastric actinomycosis, presenting as bleeding. The 65-year-old woman had a symptom of epigastric pain, without any other intra-abdominal disease entity. A gastrofiberscopic study demonstrated a submucosal mass lesion with bleeding at the fundus. Because of the bleeding, laparotomy was undertaken, and a abscess containing a large mass was found at the gastric fundus, and total gastrectomy undertaken. Histological examination revealed a giant acute ulcer with a submucosal abscess due to actinomycosis. Because of its rarity, submucosal gastric actinomycosis is an entity overlooked by most surgeons. We report upon this case of submucosal gastric actinomycosis and include a review of the literature.
Female ; Humans

Candidemia due to uncommon Candida spp. appears to be increasing in incidence. C. dubliniensis has been increasingly recovered from individuals not infected with HIV. Identification of C. dubliniensis can be problematic in routine clinical practice due to its phenotypic resemblance to C. albicans. We report the first case of C. dubliniensis candidemia in Korea, which occurred in a 64-yr-old woman who presented with partial seizure, drowsiness, and recurrent fever. Germ-tube positive yeast that was isolated from blood and central venous catheter tip cultures formed smooth, white colonies on sheep blood agar and Sabouraud agar plates, indicative of Candida spp. C. dubliniensis was identified using the Vitek 2 system (bioMerieux, USA), latex agglutination, chromogenic agar, and multiplex PCR. The blood isolate was susceptible to flucytosine, fluconazole, voriconazole, and amphotericin B. After removal of the central venous catheter and initiation of fluconazole treatment, the patient's condition gradually improved, and she was cleared for discharge from our hospital. Both clinicians and microbiologists should be aware of predisposing factors to C. dubliniensis candidemia in order to promote early diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Amphotericin B/pharmacology ; Antifungal Agents/pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Candida/drug effects/*isolation & purification ; Candidemia/*diagnosis/drug therapy ; Catheterization, Central Venous ; Female ; Fluconazole/pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Flucytosine/pharmacology ; Humans ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Middle Aged ; Pyrimidines/pharmacology ; Triazoles/pharmacology

BACKGROUND: Bacterial vaginitis (BV) and Trichomonas vaginitis are the most frequently recurring infectious diseases in women. Therefore, accurate tests for post-treatment follow-up are required. A multiplex PCR assay allows for the simultaneous detection of multiple pathogens in a single specimen. In this study, we assessed the clinical implications of multiplex PCR detection of fastidious microorganisms causing vaginitis. METHODS: A total of 216 vaginitis patients who presented to Chung-Ang University Yongsan Hospital with more than one positive result on multiplex PCR (Trichomonas vaginalis (TV), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU), Mycoplasma genitalium (MG), Mycoplasma hominis (MH)) were retrospectively enrolled in this study. Each patient's clinical symptoms, initial treatment and follow-up for BV, and other related test results were also retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: The most commonly reported symptom was abnormal discharge, followed by pruritis (73.1%), lower abdominal pain (38.4%), urination difficulties (13%), and others such as fever. According to the multiplex PCR results, there were 116 cases (35.8%) of MH, 86 cases (26.5%) of UU, 62 cases (19.1%) of CT, and 84 cases (38.9%) were mixed infections. Among those patients with single infections, treatment changed for 63 cases (65.6%) while treatment remained unchanged for 17 (17.7%) after PCR results were reported. CONCLUSION: The diagnosis of BV using multiplex PCR is clinically effective and the results of which can be incorporated in antibiotic selection for patients with multiple sexually transmitted diseases (STD). Multiplex PCR may be especially helpful in the diagnosis of patients in whom the differentiation of STD pathogens is difficult using traditional methods.
Abdominal Pain ; Chlamydia trachomatis ; Coinfection ; Communicable Diseases ; Female ; Fever ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Mycoplasma genitalium ; Mycoplasma hominis ; Neisseria gonorrhoeae ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Pruritus ; Retrospective Studies ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases ; Trichomonas Vaginitis ; Ureaplasma urealyticum ; Urination ; Vaginitis ; Vaginosis, Bacterial

OBJECTIVE: Although clinical practice guidelines recommend oral vancomycin for hospitalized patients with severe Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), oral metronidazole is still the preferred regimen due to its tolerability and low cost. In this study, we aimed to compare the clinical efficacy based on clinical cure, recurrence, and 30-day mortality of oral metronidazole and oral vancomycin in treating severe CDI. METHODS: The medical records of patients with the diagnosis of severe CDI in a tertiary hospital in South Korea, between June, 2006 and December, 2013, were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 162 severe CDI patients were enrolled for this study: 139 received oral metronidazole and 23 received oral vancomycin. The rate of clinical cure was not significantly different between treatments (79.86% for oral metronidazole and 82.61% for oral vancomycin, P>0.99). The rate of recurrence was comparable (20.77% vs. 18.18% for metronidazole and vancomycin, respectively; P>0.99), as was the rate of 30-day mortality (9.35% vs. 4.35%, P=0.69). Risk factors for treatment failure were histamine-2 antagonist treatment (odds ratio [OR], 4.34; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.64–11.51; P=0.0032) and fever (OR, 2.43; 95% CI, 1.0–5.8; P=0.049). CONCLUSION: The clinical efficacy of oral metronidazole for severe CDI was no difference from oral vancomycin, in a real world setting. Oral metronidazole can be a reasonable option for treating severe CDI.
Clostridium difficile* ; Clostridium Infections ; Clostridium* ; Diagnosis ; Fever ; Humans ; Korea ; Medical Records ; Metronidazole* ; Mortality ; Recurrence ; Risk Factors ; Tertiary Care Centers ; Treatment Failure ; Treatment Outcome ; Vancomycin

No abstract available.
Claudin-1 ; Immunohistochemistry

BACKGROUND: Although the correlation between low claudin-1 expression and worse prognosis has been reported, details on the prognostic implications of claudin-1 expression in various malignant tumors remain unclear. The present study aimed to elucidate the prognostic roles of claudin- 1 immunohistochemistry (IHC) in various malignant tumors through a meta-analysis. METHODS: The study included 2,792 patients from 22 eligible studies for assessment of the correlation between claudin-1 expression and survival rate in various malignant tumors. A subgroup analysis based on the specific tumor and evaluation criteria of claudin-1 IHC was conducted. RESULTS: Low claudin-1 expression was significantly correlated with worse overall survival (OS) (hazard ratio [HR], 1.851; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.506 to 2.274) and disease-free survival (DFS) (HR, 2.028; 95% CI, 1.313 to 3.134) compared to high claudin-1 expression. Breast, colorectal, esophageal, gallbladder, head and neck, and lung cancers, but not cervical, liver or stomach cancers, were significantly correlated with worse OS. Breast, colorectal, esophageal, and thyroid cancers with low claudin-1 expression were associated with poorer DFS. In the lower cut-off subgroup (< 25.0%) with respect to claudin-1 IHC, low claudin-1 expression was significantly correlated with worse OS and DFS. CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, low claudin-1 IHC expression is significantly correlated with worse survival in various malignant tumors. More detailed criteria for claudin-1 IHC expression in various malignant tumors are needed for application in daily practice.
Breast ; Claudin-1 ; Disease-Free Survival ; Gallbladder ; Head ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Liver ; Lung Neoplasms ; Neck ; Prognosis ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Survival Rate ; Thyroid Neoplasms

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma associated with chronic inflammation (DLBCL-CI), specifically arising in ileal neobladder, is a rare neoplasm. We present an unusual case of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)–positive DLBCL-CI arising within neobladder with detailed clinical, histological, and immunophenotypical features in an immunocompetent patient. An 88-year-old male was admitted for gross hematuria. He had undergone radical cystectomy and ileal neobladder 17 years ago for invasive bladder cancer. Computed tomography showed enhancing lesions on dome and posterior wall of neobladder with mucosal thickening and multiple enlarged retroperitoneal lymphadenopathies. Transurethralresection of neobladder lesion revealed the diffuse infiltration of large lymphoid cells which were positive for CD20, CD30, and multiple myeloma oncogen-1 with EBV-encoded small RNAs co-localizing, and diagnosis of EBV-positive DLBCL-CI was made. After multi-agent chemotherapy, the lesion disappeared. We suggest that clinicians should consider the possibility of DLBCL-CI in patients presented with hematuria during follow-up after bladder reconstruction.
Aged, 80 and over ; B-Lymphocytes ; Cystectomy ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Lymphocytes ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; Male ; Multiple Myeloma ; RNA ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms

No abstract available.
Bone Marrow* ; Isochromosomes* ; Lymphoma, B-Cell*

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Humans ; Therapeutic Equivalency*