Objective:To study the HBV infection in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in mediating the role of mother -to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus.Methods: The peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( PBMCs ) in maternal and cord blood mononuclear cells ( CBMCs ) in newborns were conventionally isolated by Ficoll-Hypaque medium.The loads of HBV-DNA in peripheral blood of maternal and cord blood of newborns were both detected by PCR .Results:The clinical data showed that the positive detection rates of HBV-DNA in serum and PBMCs of pregnant women with HBeAg (+) were 100.00%( 25/25 ) and 72.00%( 18/25),and the positive detection rates of HBV-DNA in the neonatal umbilical cord blood serum and CBMCs were 60.00%(15/25) and 44.00%(11/25),respectively.There were significantly difference between HBeAg (+) and HBeAg(-) in the pregnant women (P<0.05 ).The positive detection rates of HBV-DNA in neonatal umbilical cord blood serum and CBMCs were higher in the group with high HBV loads (more than 106copies/ml) in PBMCs than those of low HBV loading group (102-103copies/ml).The significantly difference was explored between the two groups.Conclusion: Mononuclear cells can not only be infected by HBV , but also play a critical role in the intrauterine vertical transmission of HBV via the pathway transmitted from PBMCs in pregnant women to CBMCs in newborns.

Nanobacteria (NB) is a kind of new bacteria with a diameter of 8 0~500 nm. It has specific mineralizing ability. As a active nidus it can attac h, invade and damage the renal epithelium of collecting ducts and papilla, and t hen form apatite which being the center to induce formation of kidney stones. I n the paper, the research progress on nanobateria contained in kidney stones and its role in kidney stones formation were summarized. The simulation in vitro a nd animal models of kidney stones formation induced by nanobateria were discusse d.

Actins ; metabolism ; Angiomyolipoma ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Epithelioid Cells ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; pathology ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lung Neoplasms ; pathology ; Lymphangioleiomyomatosis ; pathology ; Male ; Melanoma ; pathology ; Melanoma-Specific Antigens ; metabolism ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; pathology ; Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Sarcoma, Clear Cell ; pathology ; Skin Neoplasms ; pathology ; Uterine Neoplasms ; pathology

Objective:To study on the levels of CXCL8 and its receptors (CXCR1 and CXCR2) in peripheral blood neutrophils of the patients with chronic hepatitis B.Methods:The neutrophils were isolated and purified by neutrophil isolation medium,and the loads of HBV-DNA in neutrophils were detected by PCR,and the levels of HBeAg in serum were measured by ELISA.The patients were divided into different groups according to the detective results so that the expressions of CXCL8 and its receptors ( CXCR1,CXCR2) in neutrophils were detected by the methods of streptavidin-biotin complex ( SABC ) immunocytochemistry stain.Results:The data of SABC immunocytochemical stain showed that the positive color of CXCL8 was mainly located in the cytoplasm of PMNs.However,the most positive color of CXCR1and CXCR2 was mainly expressed in the cytoplasm and cell membrane.Interestingly,the deeper immune coloring of CXCL8 and CXCR1, and relatively shallow immune coloring of CXCR2 were explored in the group with positive of HBeAg.The similar detective results also had been found in the cases with positive of HBV DNA in neutrophils.Compared with the normal control group,the levels of CXCL8 and CXCR1 in the patients were significantly increased ( P<0.05) ,but the differences were too small to be statistically significant in the level of CXCR2 (P>0.05).Conclusion:After neutrophils occult infected by HBV,not only the secretion of CXCL8 can be promoted, but also the expression of CXCR1 will be further increased.The data of immunohistochemical staining have been shown that the color degree of CXCL8 and its receptors ( CXCR1, CXCR2 ) are positive correlation to the level of HBeAg and the loads of HBV DNA.More PMNs can be chemotactic attraction to lesion so as to participate in the local inflammatory injury and tissue repair via the interactive pathway of the high expression of CXCR1 on surface of neutrophils with CXCL8.

Objective To provide reliable indicators for effective prevention and control of COVID-19, we examined the biochemical indicators as well as anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies in confirmed and suspected COVID-19 patients. Methods A total of 56 confirmed and suspected COVID-19 cases quarantined during January-March, 2020 in Gansu Provincial People′s Hospital and People′s Hospital of Xigu District, Gansu Province were included.Based on the results of nucleic acid testing and CT scan finding, they were divided into three groups: positive in both nucleic acid testing and CT scan finding; positive in nucleic acid testing but negative in CT scan finding; negative in both nucleic acid testing and CT scan finding.COVID-19 viral nucleic acid was detected and chest CT scan was performed.The following biochemical indicators were examined: total protein, albumin, total bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, γ-glutamyltranspeptidase, creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase.SPSS 22.0 statistical software was used to analyze the differences in the biochemical indicators among these three groups, as well as the temporal trend of IgM and IgG antibodies at different points of time. Results There were significant differences in the mean values of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase between these three groups (P < 0.05), whereas no significant difference in the mean value of total protein and albumin (P>0.05).ROC curve indicated that aspartate aminotransferase had the largest maximum area under the curve (AUC, 0.834), whereas alanine aminotransferase had the highest sensitivity (1.0) and total bilirubin had the highest specificity (0.927).Thus, aspartate transaminase provided the best prediction for the diagnosis of COVID-19, with sensitivity of 0.786, specificity of 0.854, and the maximum AUC of 0.834.In 12 of 16 confirmed COVID-19 patients tested IgG positive after 10 days of diagnosis, and 10 of 10 confirmed COVID-19 patients tested IgG positive after 14 days of diagnosis. Conclusion Aspartate aminotransferase may be the most useful indicator in the diagnosis of COVID-19.

Objective: To investigate the surgical technique of autologous tendon transplantation for reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, and to analyze its curative effect. Methods: The materials of 30 patients with ACL injury who underwent autologous tendon transplantation and reconstruction were retrospectively analyzed; the average follow-up period of the patients was 24. 1 months. The surgery characteristics and clinical curative effect were explored. Results: The stability of knee joint was examined by drawer test. Lachman test, and internal and external stress tests. The healing of reconstructed ligament tunnel was observed by X-ray. The morphology of ACL and ligament reconstruction before and after operation were observed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The surgical effect was evaluated according to the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scoring system There were no severe complications such as traumatic arthritis, infection, or thrombosis in the patients. The results of anterior drawer test. Lachman test, and internal and external stress tests were changed from positive to negative, suggesting that the knee joint was stable after operation. The postoperative IKDC score of the patients was significantly higher than before operation ( P<0. 05). The X-ray results showed that the blurred or disappeared bone tunnel basically achieved tendon-bone healing, while the MRI showed that the reconstructed ligament signal was uniform and non-tortuous, indicating that the ligament was strengthened. Conclusion: Accurate reconstruction with autologous ligament transplantation in the treatment of ACL injury is safe and feasible with fewer complications∗ which is helpful to restore the stability of knee joint quickly.

Objective To explore the expressions of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERs) related factors including inositol requiring enzyme-1α(IRE1αα),p-IRE1 α,c-jun N-terminal Kinase(JNK),and p-JNK in rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,and to investigate the effect of intervention with glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) analogue.Methods Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into normal chow group(n =15) and high-fat diet group(n=25).After 12 weeks,5 rats of each group were used to assess the establishment of rat models with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.Then the high-fat diet group rats were divided into high-fat diet group (HF,n =10) and GLP-1 group(HG,n=10) and treated with normal saline and GLP-1 analogue for4 weeks respectively.Body weight and biochemical markers in rats were measured.The expressions of IRE1α,p-IRE1α,JNK,and p-JNK were measured by Western blot.Results Compared with the NC group,the levels of body weight,plasma triglyceride (TG),total cholesterol (TC),low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C),alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in HF group were significantly higher (all P ＜ 0.01),high density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C) was decreased(P＜0.01),and p-IRE1 α/IRE1 α and p-JNK/JNK were increased(P＜0.05 and P＜0.01).After GLP-1 treatment,body weight,plasma TG,TC,LDL-C,AST,ALT in HF group were significantly lowered(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),HDL-C was increased(P＜0.01),p-IRE1 α/IRE1 α and p-JNK/JNK were decreased (P＜0.05 and P＜0.01).Conclusion GLP-1 analogue may improve hepatic steatosis via regulating ERs related IRE1 α-JNK signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of sexual dysfunction in aged men and associated risk factors in Beijing. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed in communities of Beijing involved 1656 men aged over 50 years.The International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5),Brief Male Sexual Function Inventory for Urology ( O'Leary 1995 ) and the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS)questionnaires was recorded.The body mass index (BMI),prostate size was measured.The survey was conducted to make sure if the patients had diabetes,high blood pressure,hyperlipidemia,cerebrovascular history,and smoking and drinking situation.Pearson's X2 test and unconditional logistic regression were used to investigate the factors associated with sexual dysfunction. Results 1644 subjects were enrolled.The incidence of ED,reduction of sexual desire and defective ejaculation was 90.45％,60.04％ and 38.81％ respectively,and significantly different according to age ( P ＜ O.05 ). Age was positively correlated with ED (3 =0.12,P＜0.05),reduction of sexual desire (β =0.10,P＜0.05) and defective ejaculation (β =0.10,P ＜ 0.05 ) ; ED was significantly associated with BMI (β =0.07,P ＜ 0.05 ).Hypertension and prostate size were risk factors for reduction of sexual desire and defective ejaculation; There was correlation between drinking and defective ejaculation ( β =- O.31,P ＜ 0.05 ). Conelusions Compared with high prevalence of ED and lower sexual desire,the incidence of defective ejaculation were lower; this may reflect the sexual activities of aged male were more active compared with the less success of really erection.The prevalence of ED,reduction of sexual desire or defective ejaculation increased with age.BMI was the risk factor for ED.Enlarged prostate and hypertension was associated with reduction of sexual desire,and drinking was the risk factor for defective ejaculation.

ObjectiveTo explore the best treatment method for patients with pancreatic cancer by analyzing the clinical and survival features.MethodsThe clinical data of 74 patients with pancreatic cancer diagnosed by pathology diagnosis(surgical pathology or biopsy) or clinical diagnosis(imaging + tumor marker CA19-9) were collected.The cases were divided into 5 groups according to different therapy methods:surgery alone group(11 cases),postoperative chemotherapy group(20 cases),palliative chemotherapy group ( 13 cases),palliative radiotherapy group ( 13 cases),untreated group ( 17 cases).The clinical features and overall survival time of patients with pancreatic cancer were analyzed.ResultsThe median overall survival time of postoperative chemotherapy group was longer than that of untreated group (300 d vs.119 d,P ＜ 0.01 ) ; The median overall survival time of surgery alone group,palliative chemotherapy and palliative radiotherapy group had no significant difference compared with that of untreated group (120,164,109 d vs.119 d,P＞ 0.05 ).The patients with advanced pancreatic cancer often suffered from abdominal pain,jaundice,nausea,vomiting,weight loss and other associated symptoms.The incidence of jaundice of patients undergoing surgery was lower compared with non-surgical patients,but the difference was not significant [ 19.35％ (6/31 ) vs.37.21％ (16/43),X2 =2.75,P =0.10 ].The incidence of abdominal pain of patients with radiotherapy was lower than that of non-radiotherapy patients[ 23.08％ (3/13) vs.68.85％(42/61 ),x2 =12.59,P =0.00 ].The ascites incidence rate was 75.68％ (56/74) which shortened the overall survival time,and untreated group had the highest risk rate of ascites.ConclusionsOperation combined with chemotherapy is a better treatment that can improve the overall survival time of patients with pancreatic cancer.Radiotherapy can obviously relieve the abdominal pain.Ascites is a signal of poor prognosis during the treatment process.

Objective To provide the experimental evidence for clinical application of taurine,rat model of intrauterine growth restriction (FGR) was made to investigate influence of prenatal administration of taurine on neurogenesis.Methods Fifteen pregnant rats were divided into control,FGR model and taurine groups,5 rats for each group.Rats in the control group were supplied with unlimited food and drink while the other two groups were fed by 40％ food intake of the control group throughout pregnancy.Since gestational day 12,taurine (100 mg/kg) was added into diet of taurine group every day until term delivery.Brain tissues were obtained immediately after baby rats were born.Expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA),neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) of brain tissue was measured by semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry; meanwhile,numbers of PCNA-immunoreactive cells in subventricular zone,subgranular zone and cerebral cortex were compared with ANOVA test or q test.Results Levels of PCNA mRNA and GFAP mRNA expression in FGR group were significantly higher than those of control group (PCNA mRNA:1.002±0.011 vs 0.894 ± 0.040,P＜0.01; GFAP-mRNA:1.012±0.013 vs 0.913±0.012,P＜0.01).Compared to FGR model group,mRNA expressions of PCNA and GFAP in taurine groups were higher (1.090±0.029,P＜0.01 ; 1.034±0.011,P＞0.05).There was a significant decrease in the expression of NSE mRNA in FGR group compared with control group (0.796±0.036 vs 1.582±0.057,P＜0.01),while the expression in taurine group (0.933±0.027) was significantly higher than that in FGR model group (P ＜ 0.01).PCNA immunoreactive cells were mostly distributed in subventricular zone,followed by subgranular zone and cerebral cortex.Conclusions Prenatal application of taurine could enhance neurogenesis of FGR newborn rats and improve survival of neurons to ameliorate FGR brain damage.