Animals ; Heart Ventricles ; cytology ; Lipid Bilayers ; Potassium Channels ; Sarcolemma ; physiology ; Swine

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of different oral care solution.Methods Literature data were collected by computer retrieval covering China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI),China Biology Medicine (CBI) and Wanfang database,and Note Express and Addis software were used to evaluate the randomized controlled trials of literature.Results 19 separate randomized controlled trials were included in the research hterature;Network Meta analysis results showed that in the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia,the electrolyzed oxidizing water,compound chlothexidine,hydrogen peroxide,sodium bicarbonate,distilled water and 0.9％ saline had statistically significant difference (OR=0.25,95％CI=0.02-0.72),and the effect of sodium bicarbonate was better than the other oral care solutions;in the prevention of oral odor,the oral care solution had no significant difference (OR=0.86,95％CI=0.34-1.74),and sodium bicarbonate of the total ranked the best preventive effect;in the prevention of oral infection,the oral care solution had no significant difference (OR=0.62,95％CI=0.09-1.60).Conclusions Based on the meta analysis results,with 0.9％ saline for common interventions,sodium bicarbonate oral nursing liquid is superior to other oral nursing liquid in the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia,oral smell and infection.

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between the genesis of Pi-Wei damp-heat syndrome (PDS) and the Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection in patients with chronic gastritis (CG) by observing the levels of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) mRNA and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) expressions.

METHODSGastric mucous membrane tissues collected through gastroscopy from gastric antrum of 51 CG patients, 36 of PDS type (CG-PDS) and 15 of Pi-qi deficiency syndrome (CG-non-PDS) type, and 8 healthy persons (as control) were examined to diagnose the inflammation level with HE stain and to detect the existence of HP infection by rapid urease test and methylthioninium chloride stain. The mRNA expressions of NF-kappaB and HSP70 in the tissues were determined quantitatively with FQ-PCR as well.

RESULTSPatients of CG-PDS showed higher level of HSP70 mRNA expression than in the control; and level of NF-kappaB mRNA expression was higher than that in the control and CG-non-PDS (all P<0.05); but both expressions were insignificantly different in CG-PDS patients with positive or negative HP infection (P>0.05). Positive correlation of the two expressions was shown in CG-PDS with negative HP infection.

CONCLUSIONNF-kappaB and HSP70 may partially embody, in some extent, the power of vital qi and evil qi in the organism; the over-expressed NF-kappaB and HSP70 may indicate the severe fighting between evil qi and vital qi, and both would be influenced to a certain degree in the fighting process.

Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Gastric Mucosa ; metabolism ; Gastritis ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; microbiology ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Helicobacter Infections ; metabolism ; Helicobacter pylori ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; NF-kappa B ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics

Ultrasonic microbubbles were used to open blood-brain barriers (BBB) with a reversed and limited behavior feature in the study, which could improve the brain-targeted delivery of anti-tumor drugs. The glioma rat model was prepared. Low-frequency ultrasound was combined with microbubbles to affect the permeability of BBB compared with the permeability of independently administered Evans blue (EB) crossing BBB. Time point and length of ultrasound were investigated whether they affect the permeability of BBB and the damage of brain tissue. The effect of the growth time of glioma on BBB permeability was explored. Only glioma had a very little impact on BBB permeability. However, ultrasonic microbubbles opened the BBB with the features of temporary, limited and reversed behavior and improved EB and magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent penetrating BBB. A length of 30 s ultrasound is appropriate for opening BBB and no damage of brain tissue. Drugs should be injected before ultrasound so that they enter into brain as BBB opening. Ultrasonic microbubbles can open BBB effectively and safely, which improve drugs penetrating BBB under proper time point and length.
Animals ; Blood-Brain Barrier ; Contrast Media ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Glioma ; drug therapy ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Microbubbles ; Permeability ; Rats ; Ultrasonics

Background There are a lot of studies about the carrier of corneal endothelial transplantation,but the best carrier has not been defined.Objective This study was to investigate the biocompatibility of chitosan carrier with rabbit corneal endothelium in vivo.Methods Fresh eye-balls were obtained from 10 New Zealand white rabbits.Rabbit corneal endothelial cells (CECs) were isolated and cultured on chitosan carrier in vitro.The morphology and density of rabbits CECs were observed every day,and the expressions of fibronectin (FN),collagen-1 (Coil-I) and Zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1) were detected by immunoinfluorescence.The morphology and ultrastructure of CECs were observed under the scanning and transmission electron microscope.Chitosan carrier with CECs was implanted into the anterior chamber of the left eyes in ten healthy New Zealand white rabbits,and only paracentesis of anterior chamber was performed in the right eyes as controls.The inflammation of ocular anterior segment was examined under the slit lamp microscope,and corneal thickness was measured 1 week,4 and 8 weeks after operation.Corneal endothelium cell density and morphology were examined under the corneal endothelial microscope at postoperative 2 weeks.Corneal samples were collected for the regular histopathological examination to observe the inflammatory reaction at postoperative 1 month and 3 months.Paired t test was used for statistical analyses between the control group (left eyes) and the experimental group (right eyes).The use and care of the animals followed the Statement of ARVO.Results CECs formed an intact monolayer of cells with the uniform shape and size on the chitosan membrane after incubated for 5 days.The cells reached confluence of 90％ 7 days after cultured with the 40％ hexagon cells.Under the scanning electron nicroscope,rabbit CECs showed the round or polygon in the shape with the microvillus on the cell surface.The cells connected closely by desmosome.The processes,pseudopodiums and microvillus on the cellular surface,vacuole in the cytoplasm,expanded endoplasmic reticulum with ribosome and abundant chromatin were exhibited under the transmission electron microscope.The immunofluorescence examination revealed the positive expressions of FN,Coll-Ⅰ and ZO-1 in the CECs on the chitosan carrier.In the in vivo experiment,the exudation in the anterior chamber and corneal edema were seen under the slit lamp microscope 3 days after implantation of chitosan carrier with CECs.However,the inflammation was gone 14 days after operation.The differences of the corneal thickness were no significant between the experimental group and the control group 1 week and 4,8 weeks after operation (t =1.377,P=0.265;t =1.795,P=0.165 ; t =0.390,P =0.760).In addition,no significant differences were found in the CECs density and the hexagon cells rate between the two groups(P =0.365,0.062).The histopathological examination showed that the inflammatory cells around the chitosan membrane were disappeared 3 months after operation and showed a good corneal structure.Conclusions Chitosan carrier has a good biocompatibility with rabbit CECs and anterior chamber,and it may be a potentially good carrier for CECs transplantation.

It has been proved in recent studies that the chronic gastric disease (CGD) of Pi-Wei damp-heat syndrome type (CGD-PWDH) is closely related with heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB). HSP70 can protect the auto-stability of cells and elevate the immune function in organism against tumor or multiple exogenous pathogens. Increasing of NF-kappaB expression presents in case of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) stimulation, it could induce inflammatory reaction, while inflammation factors could act inversely to enhance the expression of NF-kappaB, thus to cause and expand the damage of gastric mucosa. In addition, HSP shows blocking effect on the activation and expression of NF-kappaB. So, the author considered that in patients of Hp associated CGD-PEDH, HSP 70 exhibits the effect as that of "vital energy" and NF-kappaB play a role as the "evil qi" in Chinese medicine, the expressions of the two may embody the vital-evil combating manner of Pi-Wei damp-heat syndrome.
Gastrointestinal Diseases ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of needling "Housanli" (ST 36) with different retaining-needle time on the pain threshold of mice using the hot water tail-flick test, and investigate the relationship between the retaining-needle time and the therapeutic effect.

METHODSTwenty-four healthy mice were randomly divided into four groups: no retaining-needle group (group A), retaining-needle 10 min group (group B), retaining-needle 20 min group (group C) and retaining-needle 30 min group (group D), with 6 mice for each group. After acupuncture "Housanli", the tail of mouse was put into the hot water at 50 degrees C, and the intervening time from the tail entered water to the tail flicked out of water was recorded and analyzed for each group.

RESULTSAfter acupuncturing "Housanli", the pain threshold was significantly improved with the hot water tail-flick test in both group A and group C (both P<0.01), however, there was no significant difference in both group B and group D (both P>0.05). Within 30 min of retaining-needle, the effect curve of acupuncture analgesia was showed in a waved line. In contrast, the maximum value of latent period on the tail-flick was detected in the group C that was the biggest effect of acupuncture analgesia among the four groups.

CONCLUSIONThe best retaining-needle time of hand-acupuncture for acupuncture analgesia is 20 min.

Acupuncture Analgesia ; methods ; Acupuncture Points ; Animals ; Male ; Mice ; Needles ; Pain ; physiopathology ; Pain Management ; Pain Measurement ; Pain Threshold ; Random Allocation ; Time Factors

OBJECTIVETo explore the effectiveness and safety of laparoscopic presacral neurectomy (LPN) in treating endometriosis-associated pain.

METHODSTotally 64 patients with endometriosis were divided into two groups using prospective non-random method. Patients in the control group received only the conventional laparoscopic resection of endometriosis lesions, while patients in the LPN group underwent LPN in addition to the resection of endometriosis lesions. The pre-operative pain scores, intra-operative staging results, surgical duration, intra-surgical blood loss, post-operative pain relief were compared between these two groups.

RESULTSThese two groups showed no significant differences in terms of age, body weight, pre-operative pain score, surgery staging, surgical duration, and intra-operative blood loss (all P > 0.05). All patients were followed up for 6 to 18 months (median: 12.8 months). The post-operative pain relief rate was 89.28% (25/ 28) in LPN group and 61.29% (19/31) in the control group (P = 0.030).

CONCLUSIONLPN can effectively and safely in treating endometriosis and its associated pain.

Adult ; Dysmenorrhea ; surgery ; Endometriosis ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Sympathectomy ; methods ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVEScreening monoclonal antibodies selectively distribute on hepatocellular membrane by hybridoma technology and exploring their relationship with liver diseases.

METHODSPlasma membrane vesicles of rat hepatocytes were prepared using density gradient centrifugation and BALB/c mice were immunized with the membrane vesicles. Monoclonal antibodies were made with hybridoma technology. The immunizing valences and monoclonal antibodies were detected and screened by ELISA. Mh7 antigen was identified by immunoprecipitation method. Liver tissues of carbon tetrachloride injured rat models and diabetic rat models were used to detect the pathology value of mh7-antigen.

RESULTSHepatocellular membrane vesicles were obtained successfully. Several monoclonal antibodies were yielded by hybridoma technology. Immunofluorescence and pre-embedding immunogold-silver cytochemistry confirmed that mh7-antigen was a membrane molecule and with a 200KD molecular weight. Immunohistochemistry results indicated mh7 selectively distributed on hepatocellular membrane. Results with rat models demonstrated that mh7-antigen was dramatically reduced in fatty degenerated hepatocyte of carbon tetrachloride injured rat models and distributed as straps in diabetic rat models.

CONCLUSIONSMh7 is a new hepatocellular membrane monoclonal antibody and may closely related with liver diseases.

Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; immunology ; isolation & purification ; Antibody Specificity ; immunology ; Cell Membrane ; immunology ; Hepatocytes ; immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVEIn this study, we try to find the better protocol of limb ischemia postconditioning by observing different protective effects of limb ischemic postconditioning (different strength and time windows in rabbits).

METHODS42 healthy New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 7 groups (n = 6): Sham; Control (CON); Skeletal muscle postconditioning (SP); 6 min-delayed skeletal muscle postconditioning (6M-DSP); 1 min-delayed skeletal muscle postconditioning (1M-DSP); Strengthen skeletal muscle postconditioning (SSP); Weakened skeletal muscle postconditioning (WSP). Acute ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) model was induced by 45 minutes occlusion on left circumflex coronary artery (LCX) and 2 hours reperfusion in all anesthetized open-chest rabbits except the Sham. Limb ischemia was induced by external iliac arteries occlusion and reperfusion through artery clamps. The extent of myocardial infarction was assessed by triphenyltetrazolium (TTC) staining. Blood serum creatine kinase (CK) activity and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity were measured at baseline,the end of ischemia, after 1 hour and 2 hours of reperfusion respectively.

RESULTSCompared with the CON, the weight ratio and area ratio of myocardial infarction size were significantly decreased by 49.97% and 43.78% in SP, by 42.32% and 42.68% in 1M-DSP, by 48.36% and 48.86% in SSP (P < 0.05). But there was no significant difference between SP and 1M-DSP and SSP (P > 0.05). Otherwise, compared with the CON, myocardial infarct size was not significantly reduced in 6M-DSP or WSP (P > 0.05). The change of CK was similar to the trend of myocardial infarct size.

CONCLUSIONThe limb ischemia strength of 5 mini/1 minR x 1 cycle could significantly reduce the myocardial ischemia/ reperfusion injury in rabbits, if it was achieved before myocardial reperfusion.

Animals ; Extremities ; blood supply ; Ischemic Postconditioning ; methods ; Male ; Muscle, Skeletal ; blood supply ; Myocardial Infarction ; pathology ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; Rabbits