PTEN gene is considered to be the first discovered tumor suppressor gene with dual specificity phosphatase activity.The research has shown that the increasing popularity of PTEN rests on its important roles in cancer cell growth,differentiation,signaling transduction and cell apoptosis.Besides,the mutation of PTEN is related to cancer initiation and progression.The recent advances on PTEN gene in malignant tumors will be reviewed in this paper.

Objective To evaluate the quality of life (QOL) in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients and analyze the non-medical factors influencing QOL in order to explore the possible way to improve QOL in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients.Methods Seventy-nine chronic renal failure patients treated with PD included in the present study.Investigated their age,sex,working status,education,medical burden and family support.Patients' QOL was evaluated by international questionnaire-KDQOL/SF-36.Patients' anxiety/depmssion status was evaluated by Hamilton depression questionnaire.Results (1)The SF-36 with its eight scales of CAPD patients were markedly lower than ordinary people (P＜0.05 or＜0.01).(2) Comparing with those on work,the patients without work got lower SF-36 scores[(45.78±16.93) seores vs (32.65±12.26) scores,P＜0.05].Comparing with those who had medical care,the patients without medical care got much lower SF-36 scores [(49.62±13.20) scores vs (33.85±6.24) scores,P＜0.05].Patients with higher income had better QOL.(3) Patients cared by their children and companion had the higheat SF-36 [(68.33±14.73) scores],while those cared by nursemaid or themselves had the lowest [(27.98±15.77) scores].(4) Among the 79 patients,43 patients (54.4%) were anxiety and 12 patients (15.2%) were depression.QOL was negatively correlated with anxiety index and depression index.Conclusion The QOL of CAPD patients are remarkably low,which is deeply influenced by many non-medical factors such as working status,medical burden,family support and emotional status.

Purpose Placenta implantation (PI) is a rare but severe pregnancy complication, and imaging diagnosis is always difficult. This paper aims to explore the ideal fast-imaging MRI sequences for PI and to provide high quality images for diagnosis. Materials and Methods The MRI images of 21 cases with pathology confirmed PI were retrospectively analyzed. Prenatal MRI of 2D fast-imaging employing steady-state acquisition (2D FIESTA) and single-shot fast spin echo (SSFSE) sequences were performed, and the imaging quality rating and the accuracy in detecting PI were compared. Results Satisfactory images were acquired in 71.4% (15/21) of the patients using 2D FIESTA, and 38.1% (8/21) using SSFSE with statistically significant difference (χ2=4.790, P<0.05). The MRI features of PI included placenta heterogeneity, low-signal-intensity bands, abnormal placental vascularity, uterine junction zone interruption, placental tissue invading the myometrium, placenta tissue into uterine serosa, and the detection rates of 2D FIESTA and SSFSE sequences on the above features were 57.1%, 57.1%, 28.6%, 61.9%, 66.7% and 14.2%, respectively; 90.4%, 71.4%, 38.1%, 42.9%, 28.6% and 6.5%, respectively. The detection rates of placenta heterogeneity and placental tissue invading the myometrium using these two sequences are statistically different (χ2=4.560 and 6.109, P<0.05). Conclusion The images quality of 2D FIESTA sequence is higher than those of the SSFSE sequence. 2D FIESTA sequence shows better delineation of the border of the placenta and uterine, and SSFSE sequence shows better contrasts of the placenta;therefore, combining these two can improve MRI diagnostic value for PI.

BACKGROUND:Along with the increasing improvement of bladder tissue engineering research, the vascularization of tissue-engineered bladder after implantation becomes an issue of concern. OBJECTIVE: Combined with relevant literature in recent years, to review the choice, design and application of scaffold materials for bladder tissue engineering as wel as vascularized strategies folowing implantation. METHODS:The first author retrieved PubMed database and CNKI databases for articles relevant to biological scaffold materials in bladder tissue engineering and vascularization of tissue-engineered bladder published between January 2000 to September 2014 using the keywords of “tissue engineering; bladder; biomaterials/scaffolds; vascularization” in English and Chinese, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Recently, the biological scaffolds for bladder tissue engineering include two main categories: natural biomaterials and synthetic polymers. The major target of bladder tissue engineering remains to prepare the best cel-seeded scaffolds, to determine the best source of stem cels, to explore the best differentiation way of stem cels, and to promote angiogenesis and nerve regeneration of implanted scaffolds. Thereinto, promoting vascularization of scaffold materials and building complex tissues is most chalenging. At present, it is stil difficult to precisely control the directional proliferation, migration and differentiation of the attached endometrial cels. Although the vascular network is necessary for the nutrient supply and metabolic waste removal of cels or tissues, strategies to promote angiogenesis or vasculogenesis are stil limited.

Objective To introduce a simple fixing method for tail vein injection in mice.Methods Twenty tumor-bearing male BALB/c nude mice were used in this study.Tail vein injection was performed to these mice by two laboratory technicians A and B, respectively.The injection time and success rate were recorded and analyzed.Results Mouse tail vein injection was successfully completed by the two technicians with the cage lid pressing method.Conclusions Cage lid pressing method is a simple method for tail vein injection in mice, especially provides a more efficient method for those special form of mice.

Objective To assess the value of high-frequency color Doppler ultrasound technique combined with hemorheology in detecting early atherosclerosis and monitoring its progression.Methods Twenty-four white big ear rabbits were divided into two groups randomly.Group A (6 rabbits) was fed normal rabbit chow,while group B (18 rabbits) was fed high cholesterol diet and was divided into three subgroups: B1(6 rabbits) with high cholesterol diet for 4 weeks,B2(6 rabbits) for 8 weeks,B3(6 rabbits) for 12 weeks.Intima-media thickness (IMT),diameter of common carotid artery and hemorheology index were observed dynamically and compared with the findings of histological examination.Results IMT of common carotid artery increased gradually in group B at different phases of atherosclerosis.Diameter compensationally enlarged at the early stage,and then stenosed with the progression of atherosclerosis.RBC deformation index of group B began reducing in the second week,but blood viscosity,plasma viscosity,RBC aggregation index and rigidity index gradually increased from the fourth week( P

Objective: To observe the effect of rhynchophylline (Rhy) on systolic blood pressure (SBP) with different time after administration in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), and explore the protective effect on vascular endothelial cells of Rhy after long-term administration. Methods: Male SHR were randomly divided into model, positive control (Captopril 6.25 mg/kg), low-, mid-, and high-dose (1.25, 2.50, 5.00 mg/kg) Rhy groups. Other SD rats were included as the control group. Rats in the model and control groups were given the same volume of distilled water once daily for 21 d. Rat tail artery SBP was measured before administration and day 7, 14, and 21 during the administration. The levels of plasma Ang II, ADMA, AT1R, and serum NO, NOS were detected after the last administration underwent blood sampling. Results: Compared with the model group, Rhy reduced SBP significantly. Moreover, the plasma Ang II, ADMA, and AT1R levels were up-regulated, and the serum NO and NOS levels were decreased in the model group, which could be reversed by the treatment of Rhy (P<0.05, 0.01). Conclusion: Rhy could reduce the SBP of SHR significantly, decrease plasma Ang II, ADMA, and AT1R levels, and promote serum NO and NOS levels, which has the protection of vascular endothelial function.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Cyclophosphamide ; adverse effects ; Female ; Femur Head Necrosis ; etiology ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; adverse effects ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Paraquat ; poisoning ; Young Adult

Objective To evaluate the function status of motor nerve in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome ( CTS) sensory neuropathy by single-fiber conduction studies ( SF-CS).Methods Forty patients with CTS were divided into two groups according to the nerve conduction abnormality of median nerve .The sensory conduction abnormalities ( SCA) group included 20 patients with abnormal sensory conduction , while the sensory motor conduction abnormalities ( SMCA) group included 20 patients with abnormal motor sensory conduction.The Keypoint.net electromyogram device was used to detect the wrist to the abductor pollicis brevis latency , using the saddle shaped stimulating electrodes for stimulating and the single fiber electromyography electrode for recording.The control group included 20 healthy people.Results The latency of single-fiber conduction of median nerve in SCA group , SMCA group and control group was (3.92 ±0.28) ms, (4.71 ±0.49) ms and (3.41 ±0.31) ms (F=63.829, P=0.000), respectively.The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.920 for the latency of single-fiber conduction of median nerve , and its specificity was 85%in cut off point.Conclusions There is clinical motor nerve damage in patients with CTS sensory neuropathy.The SF-CS may become an effective means for early evaluation of motor nerve function state.

Objective To investigate the expression of granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor(GM-CSF)in skin lesions and sera of patients with pustular psoriasis and psoriasis vulgaris.Methods Tissue specimens were obtained from the lesions of 15 patients with pustular psoriasis,15 patients with psoriasis vulgaris and 15 normal human controls.Immunohistochemistry and dual antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)were carried out to detect the levels of GM-CSF in the tissue and serum specimens from the patients and normal human controls,respectively.Results Significantly higher levels of GM-CSF were observed in the tissue and serum specimens from patients with pustular psoriasis and psoriasis vulgaris compared with the normal controls(all P ＜ 0.01),as well as in those from the patients with pustular psoriasis compared with the patients with psoriasis vulgaris(both P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion GM-CSF may be involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.