Liposarcoma is a rare mesenchymal tumor that occurs most commonly in the soft tissue of the extremities. It develops deeply in the intramuscular fatty tissue and consists of lipoblasts. We experienced a case of well-differentiated liposarcoma on the thigh of a 48-year-old female, who presented with a skin-colored, child fist-sized mass. Liposarcoma is rare in the dermatologic field, so we herein report a case of well-differentiated liposarcoma.
Adipose Tissue ; Child ; Extremities ; Female ; Humans ; Liposarcoma* ; Middle Aged ; Thigh

Cutaneous horn is a clinical description for a cohesive mass of cornified material protruding from the surface of the skin. These lesions may arise from a bulging erythematous base, and their shape is usually described as conical. Such lesions generally occur on sun exposed areas such as the face, ear or the dorsum of the hand. Cutaneous horn is not a pathological diagnosis and a variety of primary underlying processes can cause this lesion. We report an 85-year-old female who presented with a bean-sized, hyperkeratotic nodule on the right lower leg. Clinical and histopathologic examination confirmed the nodule to be squamous cell carcinoma presenting as cutaneous horn.
Aged, 80 and over ; Animals ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Diagnosis ; Ear ; Female ; Hand ; Horns* ; Humans ; Leg ; Skin ; Solar System

Clear cell sarcoma is a rare malignant tumor representing about 1% of soft tissue tumors. It usually presents in the distal extremities of young adults, frequently attached to tendons or aponeuroses. This slowly progressive tumor tends to recur and results in eventual development of metastatic growth. Early recognition of the disease and prompt wide excision of tumor are essential to get a favorable outcome. We report a rare case of clear cell sarcoma in a 57 year-old female who presented with an erythematous hard nodule on her abdomen.
Abdomen ; Extremities ; Female ; Humans ; Sarcoma, Clear Cell ; Tendons ; Young Adult

Milia en plaque (MEP) is an unusual and rare variant of milia characterized by tiny papules overlying an erythematous plaque. The majority of cases have been described as occurring around the ears. The histopathologic finding is consistent with milia. Despite its benign nature and lack of symptoms, MEP raises cosmetic concerns. We report a case of MEP occurring on the left 3rd finger, an unusual location, in a 2-year-old girl.
Cosmetics ; Ear ; Fingers ; Preschool Child

Pilar sheath acanthoma is a rare, benign follicular hamartoma commonly affecting middle-aged and elderly individuals. It is characterized by a small, solitary, skin-colored papule situated on the head and neck, particularly around the upper lip. The lesion shares some features with trichofolliculoma and dilated pore of Winer, so it should be differentiated from these. Cytokeratin (CK) is a useful marker for studying the origin of epithelial tumors. We report a case of pilar sheath acanthoma which originated from outer root sheath using CK.
Acanthoma ; Aged ; Follicular Cyst ; Hamartoma ; Head ; Humans ; Keratins ; Lip ; Neck ; Neoplasms, Basal Cell ; Skin Neoplasms

A nevus with cyst is defined as a single lesion of a melanocytic nevus, and this is commonly associated with an epidermal cyst. For the previously reported cases of a nevus with cyst, most of the melanocytic nevi were of the intradermal or compound type. There have been rare reported cases of dysplastic nevus, blue nevus, Spitz nevus, congenital melanocytic nevus and so forth. We report here on a rare case of congenital melanocytic nevus combined with an epidermal cyst in a 21-year-old woman.
Dysplastic Nevus Syndrome ; Epidermal Cyst ; Female ; Humans ; Nevus ; Nevus, Blue ; Nevus, Epithelioid and Spindle Cell ; Nevus, Pigmented ; Young Adult

A patient with long-standing urticaria pigmentosa presented with a pea-sized reddish to purplish papule on the posterior part of the right ear. Histopathologic examination revealed numerous dilated vascular structures in the upper dermis and mast cell infiltrations throughout the whole dermis, consistent with combined mastocytoma-hemangioma. The mast cells were strongly positive with Giemsa stain.
Azure Stains ; Dermis ; Ear ; Hemangioma ; Humans ; Mast Cells ; Mastocytoma ; Urticaria ; Urticaria Pigmentosa

BACKGROUND: The astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) was cloned as a novel HIV-1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced transcript from primary human fetal astrocytes. It has been reported that the AEG-1 expression is elevated in subsets of breast cancer, glioblastoma multiforme and melanoma cells, and AEG-1 cooperates with Ha-ras to promote the transformation of immortalized melanocytes. AEG-1 is thought to play a role in promoting cancer development and/or its maintenance. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to determine whether AEG-1 is related to the pathogenesis of melanoma and other melanocytic lesions. METHODS: The nine biopsy specimens each of melanoma, dysplastic nevus, Spitz nevus and compound nevus were studied using immunohistochemical staining. The expressions of AEG-1 were evaluated using an immunostaining-intensity-distribution index. RESULTS: The expression of AEG-1 was significantly higher in the melanoma and dysplastic nevus than in the compound nevus. The expression was also significantly higher in the melanoma than in the Spitz nevus. CONCLUSION: AEG-1 may be related to the pathogenesis of both dysplastic nevus and melanoma, but it may not be related to Spitz nevus.
Astrocytes ; Biopsy ; Breast Neoplasms ; Clone Cells ; Dysplastic Nevus Syndrome ; Glioblastoma ; HIV-1 ; Humans ; Melanocytes ; Melanoma ; Necrosis ; Nevus ; Nevus, Epithelioid and Spindle Cell

BACKGROUND: The astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) was cloned as a novel HIV-1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced transcript from primary human fetal astrocytes. It has been reported that the AEG-1 expression is elevated in subsets of breast cancer, glioblastoma multiforme and melanoma cells, and AEG-1 cooperates with Ha-ras to promote the transformation of immortalized melanocytes. AEG-1 is thought to play a role in promoting cancer development and/or its maintenance. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to determine whether AEG-1 is related to the pathogenesis of melanoma and other melanocytic lesions. METHODS: The nine biopsy specimens each of melanoma, dysplastic nevus, Spitz nevus and compound nevus were studied using immunohistochemical staining. The expressions of AEG-1 were evaluated using an immunostaining-intensity-distribution index. RESULTS: The expression of AEG-1 was significantly higher in the melanoma and dysplastic nevus than in the compound nevus. The expression was also significantly higher in the melanoma than in the Spitz nevus. CONCLUSION: AEG-1 may be related to the pathogenesis of both dysplastic nevus and melanoma, but it may not be related to Spitz nevus.
Astrocytes ; Biopsy ; Breast Neoplasms ; Clone Cells ; Dysplastic Nevus Syndrome ; Glioblastoma ; HIV-1 ; Humans ; Melanocytes ; Melanoma ; Necrosis ; Nevus ; Nevus, Epithelioid and Spindle Cell

Epidermal nevus arises from the pluripotential germinative cells in the basal layer of the embryonic epidermis. Histologically, it has a distinctive feature of hyperkeratosis, papillomatosis and acanthosis with elongation of the rete ridges. Epidermal nevus also has other histological variations. We report a case of a 5-year-old male who presented with pruritic linear brownish scaly papules on the right thigh. The lesion showed histological features of combined epidermolytic hyperkeratosis and porokeratosis type of epidermal nevus.
Child, Preschool ; Epidermis ; Humans ; Hyperkeratosis, Epidermolytic* ; Male ; Nevus* ; Papilloma ; Porokeratosis* ; Thigh