Recently the rate of adolescent smoking in Korea has increased rapidly, and various health problems related to smoking can be expected to increase in the future. Studies on smoking behavior report that assertiveness is important factor influencing on the adolescent smoking. PURPOSE: This study was conducted to develope a educational video for the purpose of adolescent's smoking prevention. METHOD: The 533 participating subjects, 269 in experimental group and 264 control group, in the study were 7th grade students. The content of video introduces three smoke tempting situations. The experimental group received 17 minute video education, and the control group did not receive any treatments. RESULT: The results show that the student's assertiveness was increased significantly in the experimental group after the video education. Student's attitude on smoking became more negative in the experimental group. However, in the control group, the intention, assertiveness, attitude was not changed. CONCLUSION: This assertiveness video can be useful educational resource for the smoking prevention program for adolescents. Also further study on longitudinal effect and application on drinking, drug abuse are needed.
Adolescent* ; Assertiveness ; Drinking ; Education ; Humans ; Intention ; Korea ; Smoke* ; Smoking* ; Substance-Related Disorders

Small round cell tumors (SRCTs) are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms composed of small, primitive, and undifferentiated cells sharing similar histology under light microscopy. SRCTs include Ewing sarcoma/peripheral neuroectodermal tumor family tumors, neuroblastoma, desmoplastic SRCT, rhabdomyosarcoma, poorly differentiated round cell synovial sarcoma, mesenchymal chondrosarcoma, small cell osteosarcoma, small cell malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, and small cell schwannoma. Non-Hodgkin\'s malignant lymphoma, myeloid sarcoma, malignant melanoma, and gastrointestinal stromal tumor may also present as SRCT. The current shift towards immunohistochemistry and cytogenetic molecular techniques for SRCT may be inappropriate because of antigenic overlapping or inconclusive molecular results due to the lack of differentiation of primitive cells and unavailable genetic service or limited moleculocytogenetic experience. Although usage has declined, electron microscopy (EM) remains very useful and shows salient features for the diagnosis of SRCTs. Although EM is not always required, it provides reliability and validity in the diagnosis of SRCT. Here, the ultrastructural characteristics of SRCTs are reviewed and we suggest that EM would be utilized as one of the reliable modalities for the diagnosis of undifferentiated and poorly differentiated SRCTs.
Chondrosarcoma, Mesenchymal ; Cytogenetics ; Diagnosis ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; Genetic Services ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphoma ; Melanoma ; Microscopy ; Microscopy, Electron ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission* ; Neurilemmoma ; Neuroblastoma ; Neuroectodermal Tumors ; Osteosarcoma ; Pathology ; Peripheral Nerves ; Reproducibility of Results ; Rhabdomyosarcoma ; Sarcoma, Myeloid ; Sarcoma, Synovial

Herein, we report a case of micronodular thymoma with lymphoid stroma in a previously healthy 73-year-old male. Thymectomy was performed. The solid and macrocystic masses were encapsulated with focal invasion. The solid portion consisted of nodules of bland-looking spindle or round epithelial cells in lymphoid stroma containing prominent germinal centers. The epithelial cells had moderate amount of cytoplasm and occasional mucin production. The cystic portion was lined with cuboidal epithelium. According to World Health Organization (WHO) classification, the mass was diagnosed as a micronodular thymoma with lymphoid stroma accompanied by a pre-existing multilocular thymic cyst. Micronodular thymoma with lymphoid stroma, a possible variant of type A thymoma, is an extremely rare tumor. This so-called "unusual" variant may imply the schematic weakness of the current WHO classification that cannot cover all morphologic types. Further study is recommended for clarification of this variant and its incorporation into the current classification.
Cytoplasm ; Epithelial Cells ; Epithelium ; Germinal Center ; Humans ; Lymphoid Tissue ; Male ; Mediastinal Cyst ; Mucins ; Thymectomy ; Thymoma ; World Health Organization

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary vessel sarcomas are rare, and their pathogenesis is still unclear. METHODS: We focus on the pathologic findings of fourteen pulmonary artery and/or vein sarcomas along with clinical prognosis. RESULTS: Nine patients were male and five were female, and they ranged in age from 26 to 72 years (mean, 47 years). There were ten cases of pulmonary artery sarcoma, three cases of pulmonary artery and vein sarcoma, and one case of pure pulmonary vein sarcoma. Ten out of the fourteen cases were associated with pulmonary thromboembolism. Microscopically, all the tumors showed an undifferentiated sarcomatous portion. There were leiomyosarcoma portions in 8 cases, malignant fibrous histiocytomatous portions in 7 cases, angiosarcomatous differentiation in 3 cases, and osteosarcomatous portion in 1 case. All but two patients died during the follow up period (range, 1 to 78 months). The mean survival time of the patients who died was 14 months and the longest survival time was 78 months after surgical resection. CONCLUSIONS: The current study is one of the largest single institutional reviews of pulmonary artery and/or vein sarcoma. Regardless of the histological components and macroscopic growth patterns, these rare tumors have a grave prognosis.
Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glycosaminoglycans ; Humans ; Leiomyosarcoma ; Male ; Prognosis ; Pulmonary Artery ; Pulmonary Embolism ; Pulmonary Veins ; Sarcoma ; Survival Rate ; Veins

Myoepithelioma is a rare benign tumor of salivary gland myoepithelial cells, most commonly as a spindle subtype. Here, we present two cases of fine needle aspiration cytology of plasmacytoid myoepithelioma arising from a parotid gland and a hard palate. Aspirates showed plasmacytoid cells with pink-staining, homogeneous, abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm eccentrically displacing the nucleus in cohesive and dissociated forms. Rarely, nuclear grooves and intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions were evident. These unfamiliar cytologic findings of uncommon myoepithelioma often cause diagnostic difficulties in preoperative aspiration cytology. Recognition of those rare findings provides a reliable diagnostic clue.
Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Cytoplasm ; Eosinophils ; Inclusion Bodies ; Myoepithelioma ; Palate, Hard ; Parotid Gland ; Salivary Gland Neoplasms ; Salivary Glands

Eosinophilic fasciitis is a scleroderma-like disease and it may present with paraneoplastic syndrome or as an isolated form of the disease. We report here on a case of eosinophilic fasciitis in a 20-year-old woman who presented with an abrupt onset of subcutaneous limb swelling and peripheral eosinophilia. Pathologically, the specimen was characterized by acute inflammation and thickening of the collagen bundles in the reticular dermis and superficial muscle fascia in addition to the overlying intraepidermal blisters that contained many eosinophils. Eosinophils, some lymphocytes and plasma cells were infiltrated in the superficial muscle fascia and subcutaneous fat. The diagnosis of eosinophilic fasciitis was confirmed by biopsy. It is intriguing that eosinophilic fasciitis showed the microscopic findings of intraepidermal blister with predominant inflammation, and the patient showed a good response to steroid therapy.
Biopsy ; Blister ; Collagen ; Dermis ; Eosinophilia ; Eosinophils ; Extremities ; Fascia ; Fasciitis ; Female ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Lymphocytes ; Muscles ; Panniculitis ; Paraneoplastic Syndromes ; Plasma Cells ; Subcutaneous Fat ; Young Adult

Alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) is a rare malignant soft tissue tumor of uncertain origin, and it has a strong propensity for metastasis to the lungs, bones and brain. We report upon an unusual case of ASPS, presenting as multiple lung nodules with no other detectable primary site, in a 44-year-old man. A fine needle aspiration of the nodules yielded scattered, discohesive cells, each containing an eccentrically displaced nucleus and prominent nucleolus, on a granular background. Tumor cells with numerous bared nuclei, and occasional sheets of epithelioid cells were also found. Under the cytological diagnosis of an unclassified epithelioid malignant tumor, resection of the lung nodules was performed. The histologic findings were consistent with ASPS, showing positive TFE3-nuclear immunoreactivity. There is limited literature concerning cytological findings associated with pulmonary ASPS: especially in cases where the primary site is unknown. Here, we present a cytological review of pulmonary ASPS, investigating the significance of TFE3 staining in the diagnosis of ASPS.
Adult ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Brain ; Epithelioid Cells ; Humans ; Lung ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Sarcoma, Alveolar Soft Part ; Viperidae

A 37-year-old female presented with a conjunctival mass discovered 3 years prior. An excisional biopsy revealed a patternless proliferation of round and spindle-shaped cells with an eosinophilic fibrillary cytoplasm and vesicular nuclei with occasional inclusions. Psammoma bodies were arranged around the dilated irregularly-shaped vessels. Differential diagnoses included conjunctival solitary fibrous tumor (SFT), nevus, glomangioma, ectopic meningioma, and mesectodermal leiomyoma. The tumor cells were immunoreactive for CD34, CD99, bcl-2 and vimentin, and were negative for smooth muscle actin, desmin, glial fibrillary acidic protein, S-100 protein, epithelial membrane antigen, and human melanoma black-45. Ultrastructurally, the tumor cells had rough endoplasmic reticulum, free ribosomes, and scattered mitochondria without basal lamina or cellular junctions, which are features of fibroblasts. A diagnosis of SFT was rendered based on the light microscopic, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopic findings. We report here on the second case of a SFT arising in the conjunctiva, which clinically and histologically mimics conjunctival nevus, glomangioma, ectopic meningioma, and a hybrid neurogenic-myogenic tumor such as mesectodermal leiomyoma.
Actins ; Adult ; Antigens, CD34 ; Basement Membrane ; Biopsy ; Chimera ; Conjunctiva ; Cytoplasm ; Desmin ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Electrons ; Endoplasmic Reticulum, Rough ; Eosinophils ; Female ; Fibroblasts ; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ; Glomus Tumor ; Humans ; Leiomyoma ; Light ; Melanoma ; Meningioma ; Mitochondria ; Mucin-1 ; Muscle, Smooth ; Nevus ; Ribosomes ; S100 Proteins ; Solitary Fibrous Tumors ; Vimentin

BACKGROUND: The genotypes of human papillomavirus (HPV) are important in carcinogenesis in uterine cervical cancer and may be different in geographic distribution. METHODS: In 2,086 women, we analyzed the prevalence of HPV and HPV genotypes in uterine cervix by HPV-DNA chip test (n = 2,086), cytology (PAP smear, n = 1997) and biopsy (n = 546). RESULTS: Of the 2,086 cases, 1,019 cases (48.8%) were HPV-positive and 1,067 cases (51.2%) were negative for HPV. Single infection occurred most commonly (72.1% of women). HPV genotypes in the high-risk and low-risk groups, respectively were HPV-16/-58/-18/-52/-53 and HPV-70/-6/-11. The detection rates of HPV-70 in subjects older than 50 years increased significantly (p < 0.05). Infection in high risk subjects was detected in high grade lesions compared with infection in low risk subjects (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: HPV-16/-58/-18/-52/-53/-70/-6/-11 genotypes were common in the patient group similar to findings in East Asia. HPV-70 infection is predominant in those older than 40 years.
Biopsy ; Cervix Uteri ; DNA ; Far East ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Prevalence ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

BACKGROUND: This study was performed to ascertain the usefulness of the human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA microchip test for the screening and management of women with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US). METHODS: The subject group consisted of 534 patients, and all of whom were diagnosed as ASC-US according to a Papanicolaou smear, and they all underwent concomitant HPV DNA microchip test. RESULTS: The occurrence rates of overall squamous lesions and high risk lesion (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 and grade 3, and invasive carcinoma) of the HPV-positive ASC-US patients were significantly higher than those of the HPV-negative ASC-US patients. High risk lesion was detected more frequently among the older patients and the patients with HPV 56, 33 or 70. On the follow-up HPV DNA microchip test, only 1 of 11 (9.1%) HPV type-switched women developed squamous lesion compared with 8 of 13 (61.6%) HPV type-persistent women who developed squamous lesion. CONCLUSIONS: The HPV DNA microchip test is useful for the management of ASC-US patients. HPV-positive ASC-US patients should undergo a HPV DNA microchip test periodically. If the same genotype of HPV is persistent on the follow-up test, more increased surveillance is needed.
DNA ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Genotype ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Vaginal Smears