To investigate the insulin resistance and insulin secretion of the first degree relatives of T2DM with normal glucose tolerance(NGT). The levels of FIns and HOMA-IR in the groups of the parental (n=35) and the maternal (n=58) were higher than that in the group of the paternal (n=42), bwt the IAI and △I_ 30 /△G_ 30 were lower than that in the group of paternal. This suggests the first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetes have insulin resistance and impaired first phase insulin secretion in NGT.

BACKGROUND:Recent studies have found that femoral neck angleαin patient with femoral neck hernial fossa increased significantly. However, whether the femoral neck hernia fossa can be used as imaging diagnostic indicator for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome remains controversial. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the association between alpha angle and herniation pit in asymptomatic hip joints, influencing factors of the above indexes, and to provide evidence for the diagnosis of hip impingement syndrome. METHODS:Adults with asymptomatic hip joints from September 2013 to December 2015 were retrospectively studied. Alpha angles were measured on oblique axial MRI images. The incidence and size of herniation pit were determined by MRI. Size measures, prevalence, and statistical analyses were conducted regarding its association with age, gender, laterality (right or left hip). Intra-and inter-observer consistency was determined by intra-class correlation coefficient. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) 105 patients with asymptomatic hips were included, and 185 sides of hip MRI images were obtained. The range of age was 18-80 years old. The prevalence of herniation pit in asymptomatic hips was 21.6%. (2) The range of alpha angle was 27.6°–65.0°. Alpha angles of hip joints of 17 cases were ≥ 55°. (3) There was no association between alpha angle≥55° and the size of herniation pit (P>0.05). The prevalence of herniation pit was not correlated with age, gender and affected side (P=0.160, 0.157, 0.110). Inter-observer consistency of alpha angle was 0.523 between first measurements of first vs. second observer, respectively. Intra-observer consistency of alpha angle was 0.654, respectively. (4) There is no association between alpha angle ≥ 55 degrees and presence of herniation pit or demographic variables (age, gender and affected side). The presence of herniation pit and the increased alpha angle need to be interpreted with caution. Clinical symptoms and other examinations should be used in the diagnosis of hip impingement syndrome.

BACKGROUND:There are usualy removable appliances and fixed appliances in the mouth of orthodontic patients, resulting in periodontitis. Because of its high security, good heat resistance, long action time, not easy to produce resistance and wide antimicrobial spectrum, inorganic antibacterial agents have become a research hotspot. OBJECTIVE:To review the application and research progress of inorganic nano-antibacterial materials in orthodontic treatment. METHODS:A computer-based search of PubMed and CNKI databases was performed for articles about applications of inorganic nano-antibacterial materials in orthodontic treatment published from January 2001 to December 2014 using the keywords of “orthodontic, antibacterial agent” in English and Chinese, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Inorganic nano-antibacterial materials for oral bacteria have good antibacterial properties, and are a kind of ideal biological material. Bracket enamel adhesive, removable appliance resin material and bracket can play correct and antibacterial roles by modification of inorganic nano-antibacterial materials, so as to reduce complications such as dental caries. However, the application of nano-antibacterial materials is stil in its infancy, the modified materials need to be studied further in terms of color problems, physical and chemical properties and biological security.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Laryngeal Edema ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Suture Techniques ; Vocal Cords ; surgery

Objective To investigate the application of respiratory navigator echo triggered black blood contrast FSE in cardiac MRI. Methods The respiratory navigator echo trigger technique combining with black blood FSE (NAV-FSE) was tested on 11 volunteers and 5 patients in free breathing,using breath-hold FSE (BH-FSE) with the same imaging protocals as control. The imaging efficiency and the image sharpness were compared between NAV-FSE and BH-FSE and t-test was used for the statistics. Results All NAV-FSE acquisitions were completed in sixteen subjects while 4 BH-FSE acquisitions failed because of poor breath holding. The efficiencies of NAV-FSE were (42. 95±11.50)%, (56. 14±11.40)% and (55.25± 14. 70)% when echo train length (ETL) were 24, 16 and 8, respectively. When ETL were 16 and 24, the sharpness of NAV-FSE ( 0. 43±0. 02 vs 0. 36±0. 02 ) and BH-FSE ( 0. 36±0. 03 vs 0. 35±0. 02 ) were statistically different (t =4. 26, 5. 53 ,respectively; P <0. 05). NAV-FSE could have a shorter ETL setting without consideration of breath holding. Conclusion The navigator echo trigger technique could be compatible with black blood contrast FSE to image the heart without the restriction of breath holding and it allows to optimize the parameters to improve the image quality.

Objective To investigate the effects of Simo decoction on ghrelin and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in diabetic rats.Methods A total of 48 SD rats were divided into healthy control group,diabetes group (DM),DM treated with low dose Simo decoction group (DMTL),DM treated with medium dose Simo decoction group (DM-TM),DM treated with high dose Simo decoction group (DM-TH) and DM prevented with medium dose Simo decoction group (DMPM) ; there were eight rats in each group.The rats of DM group and other intervention groups were intraperitoneally injected with 1％ streptozotoein (STZ) to establish the model.The rats of healthy control group were injected with solvent.At eight weeks after the model successfully established,the rats of each intervention group were gavaged with low dose of Simo decoction (0.15 ml · kg-1 · d-1 ),medium dose of Simo decoction (1.5 ml · kg-1 · d-1 ) and high dose of Simo decoction (3.0 ml · kg-1 ·d-1 ) for two weeks; the rats of control group and DM groups were gavaged with equal volume of 0.9％NaCl.The rats of DM-PM group were gavaged with Simo decoction at 1.5 ml · kg-1 · d-1 for 10 weeks after the model successfully established.Rats were sacrificed at the end of drug intervention and gastric antrum tissues were dissociated for detecting the expression of ghrelin and CGRP by real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).The data were analyzed by one way ANOVA and t test.Results There was no significant difference in ghrelin expression at mRNA level in gastric antrum tissues between diabetic rats and control group.However after intervened by low dose and medium dose of Simo decoction,the ghrelin expression increased (1.45 ± 0.34,1.87 ± 0.68 compared with 0.87 ±0.28,Dunnett's T3 test,P＜0.05).There was no effects of high dose Simo decoction on the expression of ghrelin in diabetic rats.There was no significant difference in ghrelin between DM-TM and DM-PM.The expression of CGRP at mRNA level in gastric antrum tissues of diabetic rats was significantly higher than that of control group (4.61 ± 1.67 compared with 1.06 ± 0.40,t =5.843,P＜0.01).There was no effects of low dose Simo decoction on CGRP expression of diabetic rats.The expression of CGRP of diabetic rats was down-regulated by medium and high dose of Simo decoction intervention.There was no significant difference in CGRP expression between DM-TM and DM-PM.Conclusions Simo decoction can promote ghrelin expression in gastric antrum of diabetic rats.The expression of CGRP in gastric antrum of diabetic rats significantly increased,but Simo decoction may down-regulate the expression of CGRP in gastric antrum of diabetic rats.

Objective To develop a method for determination of catechins and alkaloids in brick-tea by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) with diode array detection(DAD),and to explore optimum extraction conditions for catechins and alkaloids components in brick-tea.Methods Catechins and alkaloids were separated and detected by HPLC.Orthogonal experiment and paired t test was carried out to compare the effect of water and alcohol as extraction solvents and to obtain optimum extraction conditions for extracting catechins and alkaloids components in brick-tea.Results Six kinds of catechins of catechin,epicatechin,gallocatechin,epigallocatechin,epicatechin gallate,epigallocatechin gallate and two kinds of alkaloids of caffeine and theobromine were separated and detected simultaneously.Calibration curves between peak areas and concentration of each component in bricktea were linear within a suitable concentration range,and coefficients of determination (R2) were between 0.9990-0.9999; spiked recoveries were from 83.78％ to 106.35％,and relative standard deviations(RSD) were between 0.50％-1.51％.The optimum extraction condition for catechins and alkaloids was 80％ ethanol,solid-liquid ratio of 1:10,temperature 80 ℃ and extraction time 30 min.Conclusion Alcohol as extraction solvents with optimal combination on HPLC,six kinds of catechins and two kinds of alkaloids are separated accurately,qualitatively,rapidly and sensitively.

Objective To investigate the correlation between atypical respiratory pathogens infection and serum vitamin D(VitD) level in children.Methods Serum IgM antibody levels of 11 atypical respiratory pathogens were detected in 414 serum samples of child respiratory infection by using the respiratory tract 11-items detection reagent kits (indirect immunofluorescence assay),including respiratory syncytial virus(RSV),adenovirus(ADV),influenza A virus(FluA),influenza B virus(FluB),parainfluenzavirus(PFlu),Mycoplasma pneumonia(MP),Chlalmydia pneumoniae(CP),Coxsackie virus type B(CoxB),Coxsackie virus type A(CoxA) and legionella pneumophilia(LP).At the same time the electrochemiluminescence assay was used to measure serum VitD level.Results Among 414 samples,pathogen IgM was detected out in 214 samples (51.69%),the top three places of detection rates were FluB,FluA and Mp,their positive rates were 32.13%,23.19% and 13.77% respectively;in cases of positive IgM antibody,17.63% of children developed single infection,34.06% of children developed 2 kinds of pathogen or more mixed infection;there was no statistical difference in the VitD levels between the IgM antibody positive group (median 23.60 ng/mL,3.37-71.50 ng/mL) and the IgM antibody negtive group(median 23.95 ng/mL,3.00-81.70 ng/mL).The IgM antibody positive rate,single infection positive rate and mixed infection positive rate had no statistical difference between the VitD reduce group and the VitD normal group(P>0.05).The positive rate of FluB,FluA and MP IgM antibody had no statistical difference between the VitD reduce group and the VitD normal group(P>0.05).Atypical respiratory pathogens had no correlation with VitD(r=0.005,P=0.912).Conclusion Atypical respiratory pathogens infection may had no correlation with the VitD level reduce.

This review analyzed domestic and foreign literatures on intestinal absorption,introduced the current methods and models commonly used in phenolic glycosides researches and their impacts focused on intestinal absorption,summarized the research status,aims to provide a reference for improving their oral bioavailability,improve formulations,new medicine and clinical rational use of phenolic glycosides.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of and risk factors for neurosyphilis in syphilitic patients with persistently positive nontreponemal serological tests after regular therapy.Methods Clinical data were collected from 248 syphilitic patients with persistently positive nontreponemal serological tests after regular therapy,and analyzed retrospectively.Univariate analysis,multivariate logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were performed to assess factors associated with neurosyphilis.Results Of the 248 patients,25 (10.1％) were diagnosed with neurosyphilis.As univariate analysis showed,the occurrence of neurosyphilis was associated with the degree of decline in serum toluidine red unheated serum test (TRUST) titers (x2 =20.663,P ＜ 0.05) and persistent positive serum TRUST titers (Z =-7.021,P ＜ 0.05),but not with gender,age,stage of syphilis,treatment protocols,initial serum TRUST titers,or the presence or obsence of neurological symptoms (P ＞ 0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that persistent positive serum TRUST titers were a risk factor for neurosyphilis (OR =4.685,95％ CI =2.552-8.601,P ＜ 0.05).ROC curve analysis showed that the best cut-off point of persistent positive serum TRUST titer was 1 ∶ 8 for predicting neurosyphilis,with the area under the curve (AUC) being 0.907.Conclusion Serum TRUST titers are somewhat valuable for predicting neurosyphilis in syphilitic patients after regular therapy.