Objective　To analysis the relation of the diameter of continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis and other factors with the capsular block syndrome.Methods　We not only analyzed the etiology and clinical characteristic of six cases in intraoperative,early postoperative and lately postoperative,but also discussed the method of treatment.Results　(1)When the diameter of CCC was smaller than the one of IOL's optic , the CBS easily happened; (2)When the hoops of the hydroview IOL had a smaller anterior angle and larger optic, the CBS easily happened; (3)When the viscoelestic material and cortex were stayed in capsular or anterior chamber, the CBS easily happened.Conclusion　(1)Generaly speaking the size of the CCC should right on the edge of the IOL's optic part; (2)To hydroview IOL, we should choose the one which had a larger anterior angle and a smaller optic; (3)Viscoelastic material which should be cleaned and there was no the rest cortex stayed in the capsular.

Objective To evaluate the BALB/c murine infective effects in different concentrations and different aerosol challenge times by Bordetella pertussis.Methods Four experiment groups according to different concentrations and different aerosol challenge times were designed.BALB/c murines were challenged by aerosol way.Group 1: 1010cfu/mL Bordetella pertussis challenge 15 min, group 2: 1010cfu/mL challenge 30 min, group 3: 109cfu/mL challenge 30 min, group 4: 1011cfu/mL challenge 30 min, using the normal saline challenge 30 min as control.At 0d,3d,7d,14d and 21d after challenge, the WBCs of all groups were measured and lung tissues were homogenized to calculate the bordetella pertussis clone in lung.Results After 3 days of challenge, WBCs in all groups were slightly increased.The WBCs of group 1, group 2, group 3 and group 4 were significantly increased after 7 days, with the average numbers of 8.52×109 per/L, 1.74×1010per/L, 1.15×1010per/L and 5×1010per/L, respectively.After 14 days, they were 1.77×1010per/L, 1.67×1010per/L, 1.27×1010per/L and 3.84×1010per/L respectively.WBCs in all groups were dramatically declined after 21 days.The WBC of negative control group had no obvious change during the whole process with the stable number of 3.4~7.0×109per/L.Bordetella pertussis were detected in lung of all experimental groups in each sampling point.The CFU in lung wase at peak at 7d or 14d after challenge, which was obviously decreased at 21d.Conclusion This aerosol challenge method can establish a bordetella pertussis infection mouse model successfully.

Objective To explore the value of BACs-on-BeadsTM(BoBs)technique in detection of chromosome microdeletions/microduplications.Methods Samples for detection included 1 486 amniotic fluid samples for prenatal diagnosis and 7 peripheral blood samples with suspected chromosome microdeletions/microduplications collected in Zibo Maternal and Child Health Hospital from March 2015 to January 2017.BoBs and karyotyping were performed for all samples and SNP arrays were carried out to confirm the positive results of BoBs.Results 1 case of DiGeorge syndrome, 3cases of 22q11 microduplication syndrome,and 3 cases of Williams-Beuren syndrome were detected by BoBs,among which 1 case of Williams-Beuren syndromewas detected from peripheral blood and the rest were detected from amniotic fluid samples of high-risk gravidas after serological screening.None of the above 7 cases with chromosome microdeletion/microduplication syndromes was detected by karyotyping,butall of them were identified by SNP arrays.Conclusion BoBstechnique is capable of detecting specific chromosome microdeletions/microduplications with high accuracy and efficiency, which couldbe an auxiliary diagnostic tool for fetal chromosome abnormalities in addition to karyotyping.

Objective To assess the clinical predictability of waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) among female civil servants who had experienced risk factors of cardiovascular disease. Methods Data was gathered from 4153 female civil servants aged 21-91 y working at universities who were enrolled in health screening centre at the Second Hospital Attached to Hebei Medical University, in 2006. WHR quartiles were determined as: <0.80, 0.80-<0.84, 0.84-<0.90 and ≥0.90. Subjects were placed into high-risk categories for cardiovascular disease on the basis of national health reference on range norms of protocol including hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia. Results Participants had an increased likelihood of hypertension (systolic blood pressure) , dyslipidemia (elevated triacylglycerol and descending HDL-C) and diabetes mellitus at WHR≥0.84. All aforementioned variables had a significant odds ratio at WHR ≥0.84. This trend was further persisted after adjustment had been made on smoking, age, and BMI. Descended HDL-C was observed at the 0.80≤WHR<0.84 when compared with WHR< 0.80. Conclusion These data indicated an upward shift in the critical threshold for WHR to ≥0.84. Above which point, there was an elevation of risk factors on cardiovascular diseases among all the female civil servants. The trend persisted regardless of smoking, BMI

ObjectiveTo investigate the difference in protein expression between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with recurrence and those with good prognosis, the differential expression and regulatory mechanism of miR-152-3p target proteins, and the role of miR-152-3p in the recurrence of HCC. MethodsTMT-labeled proteomic sequencing and RT-PCR were used to measure the expression of proteins and the expression of miR-152-3p in the HCC tissue of six patients with recurrence at 2 years after HCC resection and six patients with good prognosis at 5 years. Six databases were used to analyze the target genes of miR-152-3p, and Gene Ontology, DAVID, and REACTOME databases were used to perform target gene screening, enrichment annotation, and signal transduction pathway enrichment analysis. Gene mutation frequency and survival curve analysis were performed for the target genes of miR-152-3p to verify the role of miR-152-3p target genes in patients with HCC recurrence. The independent samples t-test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups, and a Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to investigate the survival rates of liver-related genes. ResultsCompared with the patients with HCC recurrence, the patients with good prognosis after HCC resection had a significantly higher transcriptional expression level of miR-152-3p in HCC tissue (P＜0.05). The results of protein sequencing showed that there were 365 differentially expressed proteins in HCC tissue between the patients with good prognosis and the patients with recurrence, and the analysis of HCC recurrence databases showed that 17 proteins were regulated by miR-152-3p. Further analysis of the signaling pathways showed that the function of the 17 target genes regulated by miR-152-3p was enriched in the translation and regulation of mitochondria and ribosome, and multiple enrichment revealed that six target genes were closely associated with mitochondrial respiratory chain complex, i.e., AKAP1, FOXRED1, MRPL28, MRPL50, SHC1, and STAU1. Gene mutation frequency and survival curve analysis showed that the loss or weakening of the function of mitochondrial respiratory chain-related target proteins seriously affected the prognosis and survival rate of patients. ConclusionThere is a significant difference in the expression of miR-152-3p in HCC tissue between patients with good prognosis and those with recurrence after HCC resection, and miR-152-3p may lead to the recurrence of HCC by regulating the target genes AKAP1, FOXRED1, MRPL28, MRPL50, SHC1, and STAU1, acting on the mitochondrial respiratory chain, and affecting the oxidative respiratory function of cells.

Objective To analyze the prevalence rate of diabetic nephropathy (DN) and the related factors on DN among type 2 diabetic patients.Methods A total number of 1758 type 2 diabetic patients who were hospitalized in the Beijing Hospital from 2003 to 2010 were analyzed retrospectively.Three groups were divided according to the rate of urinary albumin excretion (UAER).Patients whose UAER＜20 μg/min belonged to normal albuminuria (NA) group.The ones whose UAER from 20 to 200 μ g/min belonged to microalbuminuria (MA) group,and the others whose UAER≥200 μg/min belonged to large albuminuia (LA) group.The clinical characteristics were then compared.The related factors of DN were analyzed.Results (1)There were 1246 patients in NA group,408 patients in MA group,and 104 patients in LA group.The constituent ratio of nephropathy was 29.1％ (2) The ages of NA group,MA group and LA group were (59.87± 12.77,62.52± 12.74,64.44 ± 12.74) years old,respectively,with body mass index ( BMI ) as (24.90 ± 3.42,25.53 ± 4.00,25.53 ± 3.91 )kg/m2 respectively; duration of diabetes as (8.39 ± 7.12,10.77 ± 8.02,12.84 ± 7.97)years; systolic blood pressure (SBP) as (133.42 ± 18.19,142.72 ± 20.21,151.12 ± 21.91 )mm Hg;diastolic blood pressure as (78.75 ± 10.66,80.79 ±12.21,83.33 ±13.61 )mm Hg; fasting blood suger (FBS) as (8.25±3.43,9.02±3.72,9.22±4.62)mmol/L; glycated hemoglobin(HbAlc) as (8.88±2.10,9.34 ± 2.36,9.10 ± 2.36)％ ; uric acid (UA) as (288.04 ± 90.41,307.23 ± 96.96,374.28 ±105.47) mmol/L; triglyceride as (1.72 ± 1.51,2.06 ± 1.88,1.94 ± 1.42) mmol/L,high density lipoprotein cholesterol as ( 1.08 ± 0.30,1.02 ± 0.29,1.07 ± 0.28) mmol/L; fasting insulin as (9.24 ±9.02,11.24 ± 9.74,11.06 ± 9.29) μU/ml; fasting C peptide as (462.31 ± 289.94,510.02 ± 350.08,595.93 ± 445.86) pmol/L.There were significant differences between NA,MA and LA groups in all above items ( P ＜ 0.01 or P＜ 0.05 ).( 3 ) Logistic regression analysis showed that DN were related with duration of diabetes,BMI,SBP,HbAlc,FBS,UA (OR values were 1.041,1.055,1.028,1.116,1.100,1.004 respectively,P＜0.05 or P＜0.01 ).Conclusion It would be helpful to prevent and retard progression of DN that comprehensively controlling high blood glucose,hypertension,hyperuricemia and body weight of type 2 diabetic patients.

Objective To study the efficacy and safety of different dual antiplatelet therapy(DAPT)in patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI)undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)treatment.Methods AMI patients receiving PCI treatment were randomly divided into treatment group and control group.The treatment group was given clopidogrel(50 mg,bid)combined with ticagrelor(90 mg,bid)after PCI,while the control group was given aspirin(100 mg,qd)combined with clopidogrel(75 mg,qd)after PCI.The treatment course for both groups was 6 months.Platelet activation and endothelial function-related indicators were compared between the two groups,and major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE)and adverse drug reactions were followed up during the treatment period.Results During the trial,5 cases dropped out,and finally,98 cases and 97 cases were included in the treatment group and control group,respectively.After treatment,the incidence of stent restenosis in the treatment group and control group were 2.04％(2 cases/98 cases)and 9.27％(9 cases/97 cases),respectively;the incidence of MACE were 4.08％(4 cases/98 cases)and 13.40％(13 cases/97 cases),respectively,with significant differences between the two groups(P＜0.05).After treatment,the inhibition of platelet aggregation(IPA)in the treatment group and control group were(54.97±6.43)％and(52.38±6.12)％,respectively;the serum nitric oxide(NO)levels were(64.29±8.12)and(59.61±8.45)μmol·L-1,respectively;the prostacyclin(PGI2)levels were(42.15±3.94)and(38.46±3.71)ng·L-1,respectively;the maximum platelet aggregation rate(MPAR)were(31.65±3.86)％and(32.97±4.25)％,respectively;the platelet count(PC)were(169.84±36.71)× 109·L-1 and(172.63±38.94)× 109·L-1,respectively;the positive rates of P-selectin(CD62P)were(24.58±5.34)％and(27.13±5.82)％;the positive rates of platelet activated complex-1(PAC-1)were(7.63±2.15)％and(8.45±2.69)％;serum endothelin-1(ET-1)levels were(61.03±5.97)and(65.39±7.14)ng·L-1,which were significantly reduced compared with those before treatment(all P＜0.05).The adverse drug reactions in treatment group were mainly headache,dyspnea and bleeding events,and the adverse drug reactions in control group were mainly dyspnea and bleeding events.The total incidence rates of adverse drug reactions in treatment group and control group were 11.22％(11 cases/98 cases)and 9.28％(9 cases/97 cases),respectively(P＞0.05).Conclusion Cilostazol combined with ticagrelor in patients with AMI after PCI is beneficial to inhibiting the platelet aggregation and activation,relieving the vascular endothelial function injury and reducing the risk of in-stent restenosis and MACE,and it has obvious advantages over aspirin combined with clopidogrel.

Objective To investigate the effect of pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in the process of contrast induced human kidney cell apoptosis.Methods Human kidney 2 (HK-2) cells were cultured in DMEM-F12 medium with 5％ FBS.Cells were divided into control group,Contrast group (O group),NLRP3-siRNA+Iohexol group (si-NLRP3+O group),ASC-siRNA+Iohexol group (si-ASC+O group),and mannitol group (M group).Different concentrations of hypotonic contrast agent were added to HK-2 cell culture plates for 24,48 and 72 h.Flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis.NLRP3 and ASC mRNA expressions were detected by RT-PCR.The expressions of NLRP3,ASC,caspase-8/cleaved caspase-8,Bcl-2/Bax,caspase-1/cleaved caspase-1,and caspase-3/cleaved caspase-3 protein were detected by Western blot.The levels of interleukin (IL) 1β and IL-18 in supernatant were detected by ELISA.Results Compared with the control group,the rate of apoptotic cells,as well as the expressions of NLRP3,ASC and cleaved caspase-1 proteins were increased in HK-2 cells of contrast group.The expressions of NLRP3 and ASC mRNA in the contrast group also increased,so did IL-1β and IL-18 levels (all P＜0.05),suggesting that NLRP3 inflammasome in HK-2 cells was activated by contrast.Compared with the control group,the expressions of cleaved caspase-8,Bax and cleaved caspase-3 protein were increased,and the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was decreased (all P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the contrast group,the rate of apoptotic cells in the si-NLRP3 + contrast group and si-ASC + contrast group was significantly decreased;the expression of cleaved caspase-1 was decreased;the expressions of Bax and cleaved caspase-3 were decreased,and Bcl-2 level was increased.The expressions of IL-1β and IL-18 in the supernatant of cells were decreased (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Contrast agent can activate the NLRP3 pathway in HK-2 cells and induce apoptosis,which could be reduced by blocking the NLRP3 pathway.

Heart failure(HF)is the end stage of almost all cardiovascular diseases,including coronary heart disease and structural heart disease.For end-stage HF,medications and cardiac assist devices have limited therapeutic effects,and heart transplantation is associated with donor shortage and immune rejection.Alginate hydrogel has the ability to mechanically support and induce cardiac tissue regeneration and repair.In March 2021,we conducted the world's first transcatheter endocardial alginate-hydrogel implantation in patients with end-stage heart failure,and explored the safety and feasibility of the treatment.Given that patients with heart failure who had undergone cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator(CRT-D)were excluded from previous studies,this paper is the first to report a case of transcatheter endocardial alginate-hydrogel implantation in a patient with heart failure who did not respond to CRT-D,with a significant reduction in the number of visits to the doctor and a significant improvement in the quality of life during the post-procedure follow-up,which may expand the indications for the use of this technology.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation(TAVR).Methods This was a single-center,retrospective study enrolling a total of 30 patients with reduced LVEF undergoing TAVR from January 2020 to January 2024.Of these,12 patients underwent TAVR with ECMO.Baseline clinical characteristics,preprocedural echocardiographic and computed tomographic(CT)measurements,TAVR procedural details,and follow-up data at 60-day and 6-month were collected.Results Among the 30 patients,there were 20 males with an average age of(67.0±10.4)years,an average STS score of(8.2±1.8)points,and an average LVEF of(21.2±5.3)％.This study included 11 AR patients,all of whom were in the group without ECMO implantation,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P=0.027).During the operation,there were 0 cases of circulatory collapse in the ECMO group,and 5 cases(5/18)of circulatory collapse in the non ECMO group.All 5 patients underwent emergency ECMO placement.There were statistically significant differences(P＜0.05)in the comparison of two groups with circulatory collapse and salvage ECMO implantation.The technical success rate of 30 patients was 76.7％(23/30),and the instrument success rate was 60.0％(18/30).Among them,the technical success rate and instrument success rate of the ECMO group were higher than those of the non ECMO group,but the differences were not statistically significant(both P＞0.05).During a 30 day follow-up,there were 0 all-cause deaths in the ECMO group and 9 all-cause deaths(9/18)in the non ECMO group.Among them,7 cases(7/18)died from cardiovascular causes.The differences in all-cause and cardiovascular cause deaths between the two groups were statistically significant(both P＜0.05).During a 6-month follow-up,one patient with ECMO died due to extensive cerebral infarction.The all-cause mortality rate during the 6-month follow-up was 1/12(8.3％),while the all-cause mortality rate without ECMO was 9/18(5.0％).The difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P=0.024).The incidence of stroke with ECMO was 1/12(8.3％),while without ECMO it was 0.There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups(P=0.978).Conclusions In patients with reduced LVEF undergoing TAVR,periprocedural ECMO support does seem to improve patient outcome.