No abstract available.
Neuroma*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify correlations among emotional labor, servant leadership, and communication competence in hospital nurses. METHODS: A self-administrated survey was conducted with a convenient sample of 210 nurses, using a structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficient using SPSS/WIN 20.0 program. RESULTS: The mean emotional labor score was 3.4+/-0.60. There was very strong and negative correlation between emotional labor and servant leadership (r=-.896, p<.001). Communication competence was positively correlated with servant leadership (r=.298, p<.001) and moderately and negatively correlated with both frequency of emotional labor (r=-.166, p=.016) and the degree of attention to emotional expression (r=-.143, p=.039). CONCLUSION: As a strategy to reduce emotional labor of hospital nurses, the findings suggest training programs for nurses to enhance servant leadership and communication competence.
Education ; Leadership* ; Mental Competency* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Drug-induced toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a bullous erythematous disease that is characterized by the appearance of scaled lesions and large sheets of pilling on the skin. A caseof TEN occured in a 10 month old female patient. The characteristic skin lesions of TEN developed after oral administration of carbamazepine for a partial seizure. Thig case consists of prodrome of malaise, fever, anorexia, and conjunctivity followed by erythema & flaccid bullae formation. Diagnosis was confirmed by histologic findings. This patient was treated with a massive systemic corticosteroid, antibiotics, fluid and electrolytes, and topical measures. Authors experienced an extremely rare case of TEN dur to carbamazepine, So report it with a brief review of literature.
Administration, Oral ; Anorexia ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Carbamazepine ; Diagnosis ; Electrolytes ; Erythema ; Female ; Fever ; Humans ; Infant ; Seizures ; Skin ; Stevens-Johnson Syndrome*

OBJECTIVES: The differentiation of tuberculous effusion from the other causes of exudative pleural effusion remained difficult even with aids of biochemical analyses and pleural biopsy. As the pathophysiology of tuberculous pleural effusion is an enhanced cell mediated immunity, Adenosine deaminase(ADA) and various cytokines including Inteferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α) are considered as useful diagnostic tools in differentiating exudative pleural effusion The author would like to demonstrate the diagnostic usefulness of TNF-α in the differentiation of exudative pleural effusion, and compared the discriminating ability of TNF-α with ADA. METHODS: Pleural fluids obtained from 80 patients (tuberculous : 39, malignant : 31, parapneumonic : 10) with exudate pleural effusions were processed for cell counts and biochemical analysis including ADA and TNF-α RESULTS: Tuberculous pleural fluid showed higher levee of ADA and TNF-α, 48.7α 32.7U/L and 184.1±214.2pg/mL than that of non-tuberculous effusion 26.0α41.3U/L and 44.1α114.2pg/mL, respectively (ADA, TNF-α : p<0.05, p<0.01). Receiver operating characteristics(ROC) curves were generated for ADA and TNF-α, and the best cut-off value for adenosine deaminase and TNF-α were considered as 30U/L and 15pg/ml, respectively. Comparing the area under the ROC curves, there was no significant difference between ADA and TNF-α CONCLUSION: For the differential diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusion from the other causes of exudative pleural effusions, TNF-α as well as ADA was considered as useful diagnostic method. However adding TNF-α to ADA has no further diagnotic benefit than ADA alone.
Adenosine ; Adenosine Deaminase ; Biopsy ; Cell Count ; Cytokines ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Exudates and Transudates ; Humans ; Immunity, Cellular ; Pleural Effusion* ; ROC Curve ; Tuberculosis ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha*

A case of malignant mixed mesodermal tumor (MMMT) developed after radiation therapy for a uterine cervix cancer is described. The patient was a 62-year-old female at the time of diagnosis of stage Ib squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix and a total of 12,000 rads of x-ray was administered on the pelvic area. Five years later she manifested vaginal spotting and rectal pain. Endometial curettage and biopsy revealed carcinosarcoma. Radical hysterectomy was done and a 5x3x2 cm sized polypoid mass was noted in the uterine cavity. Microscopically, the tumor showed intimate admixture of adenocarcinomatous and sarcomatous areas. The sarcomatous stroma was composed of compactly arranged atypical spindle cells with frequent mitoses, merging into a loosely textured reticular areas and abundant amount of heterologous elements such as skeletal muscle and cartilage. The rhabdomyosarcomatous element was confirmed by PTAH staining and immunohistochemical staining for myoglobin and desmin. Multiple metastases to the liver, lung, and lymph nodes appeared within one year of total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. In spite of palliative radiotherapy, she expired one month later.
Female ; Humans ; Biopsy ; Neoplasm Metastasis

No abstract available.
Fluconazole* ; Tinea Capitis* ; Tinea*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between assessed pain, functional status, and emotional status in elderly women with dementia. METHODS: The method was a descriptive correlational design. Subjects were sampled from 75 elderly women with dementia who were resident in nursing home. and their pain, functional status(physical function, cognitive function), emotional status(depression, agitation) were measured. The collected data were analyzed for correlations between pain and functional status and for emotional status using the SPSS 11.0 statistical program. RESULTS: The pain degree of the aged women in dementia were as follows; between 0 and 27 points, average 4.04 points, which was a possible point extent. Looking at the grades in detail items, the wry face expression was shown highest, an average of 0.84 points. The relation with cognitive function was(r=-.259, p<.025) a minus relation. And the relation with physical function was (r=.406, p<.001) a plus one. The relation with depression was (r=.462, p<.001), plus one. And (r=.592, p<.001) a plus relation was found with agitation. CONCLUSION: Pain is associated with impaired functional and emotional status. Major efforts are needed to improve nursing assessment and management of pain in this cognitive impaired population.
Aged* ; Dementia* ; Depression* ; Dihydroergotamine* ; Female ; Humans ; Nursing Assessment ; Nursing Homes

PURPOSE: This study examined the effect of music therapy on the pre-exam anxiety of gastroscopy clients. METHOD: The research period is from June 17 2002 to August 30 2002, and the subjects were 60 individuals, 30 for the experimental and 30 for the control group among adult clients. The data were analyzed by using the SPSS program. RESULT: The results of this study were as follows: The score of the experimental group was lower than the score of the control group for the situational anxiety (t=-12.56, p=0.000) and systolic blood pressure (t=-3.97, p=0.000) before the examination was supported. The vital sign was partially supported. There was no significant difference(t=-1.05, p=0.297) in the diastolic blood pressure (t=-1.05, p=0.297) and pulse rate(t=-1.30, p=0.199) before the examination of the experimental group and lower than the score of the control group. CONCLUSION: Music therapy could be useful in the nursing practice, and be utilized as a way of nursing intervention to reduce anxiety of the patients in specific clinical situations. Finally, it is recommended that further studies be conducted on this therapy by utilizing different musical selections.
Adult ; Anxiety* ; Blood Pressure ; Gastroscopy* ; Humans ; Music Therapy* ; Music* ; Nursing ; Vital Signs

No accepted standard currently exists to classify asphyxia and define its subtypes. Sauvageau and Boghossian proposed an asphyxia classification system in 2010 that divided asphyxia into suffocation, strangulation, mechanical asphyxia, and drowning. Here, we present a modification of this classification system. We propose to classify asphyxia into four main categories: suffocation, strangulation, mechanical asphyxia, and complicated asphyxia. Suffocation includes smothering and choking as well as confined spaces, entrapment, and vitiated atmosphere. Strangulation is subdivided into hanging, ligature strangulation, manual strangulation, and other unspecified strangulation. Mechanical asphyxia includes positional and traumatic asphyxia. Finally, complicated asphyxia is defined as cases with two or more identifiable mechanisms of asphyxia. In this study, we review autopsy cases from 2012 diagnosed as asphyxia and classify them according to our proposed asphyxia classification system. In 24.7% of cases, the age range was 40-49 years, and 51.9% were men. The most common method of asphyxia was hanging (245 cases, 55.1%), followed by ligature or manual strangulation (53 cases, 11.9%). Most hangings were suicides; smothering, ligature, and manual strangulation were usually homicides. Eighteen cases were complicated asphyxia. This classification provides a simplified, unified, and useful tool to classify and understand deaths due to asphyxia.
Airway Obstruction ; Asphyxia* ; Atmosphere ; Autopsy* ; Classification* ; Confined Spaces ; Drowning ; Homicide ; Humans ; Korea* ; Ligation ; Male ; Suicide

No abstract available.
Humans ; Physicians, Family*