Despite efforts to develop treatment technology for cardiac arrest (CA), CA incidence and mortality rates are still high.[1,2] A recent study of CA patients in emergency departments revealed that the incidence of CA is increasing annually, and the in-hospital survival rate of CA patients is only approximately 28.7%.[3] Echocardiography has been widely used as an important monitoring tool in critical care and helps to identify the cause of shock, monitor hemodynamics, and guide fluid therapy utilization.[4] One study reported that approximately one-third of patients underwent formal echocardiography during hospitalization in the intensive care unit (ICU).[5]

Commercialization of the doctors sector and lawyers sector, and that of medical services, sharp rise of medical disputes and its impact on healthcare services have grown into major challenges for the healthcare system in the United States where litigation is the legal way out of medical disputes at large.Anglo-American law system depends heavily on precedence as the criteria and the majority of such disputes trials are held in state courts, there is also a complete system of laws and decrees on medical disputes on the federation level.In an effort to handle medical disputes that are rising sharply in a piling-up amount, American lawyers, social organizations of arbitration and medicine, and many state courts are seeking alternative dispute resolution as a better way out for medical dispute mediation and resolution.Given the gaps between China and USA in social systems, legal systems, ,economic development, cultural background, healthcare systems and heahhcare security systems, these experiences will prove their value of reference for medical disputes resolution in China.

ObjectiveTo compare of the thickness of left ventricular wall of Ang Ⅱ induced cardiac hypertrophy model in both TR3 konock-out C57BL/6 mice (TR3-/- mice) and wild type C57BL/6 mice (TR3+/+ mice) by high frequency ultrasound,combined with experimental research to discuss if TR3 take part in the process of cardiac hypertrophy.Methods26 TR3 -/- mice and 33 TR3 +/+ mice were randomized to 2 groups respectively:TR3+/+ + AngⅡ group (27 mice),TR3+/+ + PBS group(6 mice),TR3-/- + Ang Ⅱ group(20 mice),TR3-/- + PBS group(6 mice).Micro-pumps with AngⅡ or PBS were placed into the subcutaneous tissue of mice to construct hypertension model in 4 weeks.Interventricular septum enddiastolic thickness (IVSd) and left ventricular posterior wall end-diastolic thickness (LVPWd) were measured by echocardiography 2 days before operation and every week after operation until 4 weeks.Then,mice were killed and mice cardiomyocytes were isolated and detected in lab (HE dyeing test,Western blotting).Results①Echocardiography:before operation,IVSd and LVPWd was not statistically different between TR3+/+ group and TR3-/- group( P ＞0.05).1 - 2 weeks after operation,IVSd and LVPWd had peaked in both TR3-/- + Ang Ⅱ group and TR3 +/+ + Ang Ⅱ group,IVSd and LVPWd in TR3 +/+ + Ang Ⅱgroup were significantly thicker than control group (TR3 +/+ + PBS group) ( P ＜0.05),IVSd and LVPWd in TR3-/-+ AngⅡ group were slightly thicker than control group (TR3-/- + PBS group) ( P ＜0.05).Compared with TR3-/- + Ang Ⅱ group,IVSd and LVPWd in TR3+/+ + Ang Ⅱ group were markedly increased( P ＜0.05).After 4 weeks operation,IVSd and LVPWd of all 4 groups were not statistically different than that in the 2nd week.②HE dyeing test:The cell size of cardiomyocytes in TR3+/+ mice increased significantly after Ang Ⅱ treatment,while TR3-/- mice did not.③ Western blotting:Ang Ⅱ promoted TR3 expressions in TR3 +/+ mice( P ＜0.05).ConclusionsTR3 do take part in the process of Ang Ⅱ induced cardiac hypertrophy in mice and it is a key factor in this process.

Laboratory animal science has become a main support for the development of life science and has occupied an importance place in higher medical education.The paper analyzed the characteristics and problems of laboratory animal science and proposed the ideas of applying conformational memory teaching in laboratory animal science teaching from there aspects:teaching method,teaching frame and teaching effect.These measures established the foundation for the cultivation of applied talents with comprehensive competence.

Uveitis is a kind of refractory blinding eye diseases.Noninfectious uveitis is an important part of uveitis,which is thought to be an autoimmune disease,and systemic immunosuppressive therapy is usually required to prevent visual loss.As a selective T-cell inhibitor,cyclosporine A is one of the most widely used immunosuppressants,and has obvious therapeutic effect on many kinds of uveitis.Cyclosporine A combined with glucocorticoid,other immunosuppressants or biological agents can improve the therapeutic effect and reduce the side effects.Recently,the inhibitory effect on glucocorticoid-resistant Th17 cells and topical application of cyclosporine A,show its advantage and potential in the treatment of noninfectious uveitis.

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of the combination of the vaginal and high frequency electric wave loop(LEEP) in the treatment of cervical precancerous lesions.Methods The clinical data of 76 cases with cervical precancerous lesions confirmed by postoperative pathological examination were collected,Pathologic biopsy was conducted under colposcope.For patients with operative indication, LEEP operation was carried out under colposcope and analyzed vaginal microscopic pathological biopsy diagnosis accurate rate.The operation time,bleeding volume and treatment were observed.Results Satisfactory colposcopy and biopsy results difference had statistical significance;colposcopy with biopsy diagnosis accurate rate was 90.79%.The average operation time was (6.42±1.21)min.The mean operative bleeding was (10.45±2.31)mL.Postoperative 3 months, TCT negative rate was 95.83%(92/96).After 6 months of TCT negative rate was 100.00%(76/76).Conclusion LEEP combined with vaginal cytology in the treatment of cervical precancerous lesions has less invasion,less bleeding,shorter hospitalization time,and can effectively remove the lesion site,it is worthy of recommending.

Objective To explore the value of laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy in the treatment of large uterine fibroids.Methods 76 patients with giant hysteromyoma were randomly divided into two groups.38 patients in the control group underwent conventional open surgery, 38 cases in the observation group received laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy surgical treatment.The operation time, amount of bleeding in operation, postoperative anal exhaust time, get out of bed activity time, length of operation time and the postoperative complications were compared between the two groups.Results In the observation group, the operation bleeding[(65.28±4.86)mL], operation time[(76.29±5.32)min], postoperative anal exhaust time[(10.18±2.01)h], postoperative bed activity time[(14.02±2.18)h] and hospitalization time[(4.05±1.26)days] were significantly better than those of the control group, the differences were statistically significant (t=6.830,8.066,6.598,13.747,6.303,all P<0.05).The incidence rate of postoperative complication of the observation group was 5.26%, which was lower than 15.79% of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (x2=5.887,P<0.05).Conclusion The treatment of giant hysteromyoma patients with laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy the uterus resection has more advantages than the traditional laparotomy, with less amount of bleeding, fast postoperative recovery and less postoperative complications, it is worthy of recommendation.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the analgesia effect of low-dose ketamine combined with sufentanil after radical sur-gery of esophageal cancer. METHODS:Totally 153 patients of pre-implementation esophageal cancer surgery were randomly divid-ed into group A,B and C. After induction of anesthesia in patients in each group,patients in group A administered sufentanil 2 μg/kg;group B were treated with sufentanil 2.5 μg/kg;group C were treated with sufentanil 2 μg/kg + ketamine 85 μg/(kg·h). Visual analog(VAS)score and Ramsay score before and after anesthesia 4,8,16,24 and 48 h,analgesia pump pressing times and inci-dence of adverse reactions in each group were observed. RESULTS:Ramsay score in 4,8 and 16 h in each group were significant-ly higher than before anesthesia,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05),however,compared with before,there was no significant difference in the Ramsay score in 48 h among each group(P<0.05);VAS scores in each group(except for group C in 48 h) at each time point were significantly higher than before,group C

OBJECTIVE:To improve the quality standard of Shexiang qutong liniment. METHODS:TLC was used for qualita-tive identification of Resina draconis and Rehmannia. The determination of total solids and ether-soluble extracts in the preparation was detected. GC was used for the content determination of muscone:the column was Thermo-TG-WAXMS capillary column by programmed temperature,the detector was FID detector,the detector temperature was 250 ℃,inlet temperature was 200 ℃,carri-er gas was high purity nitrogen at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min,split ratio was 5:1,and the injection volume was 1 μl. RESULTS:The TLC pots of R.draconis and Rehmannia were clear with good separation. The total solids in preparations were not less than 0.6%,and extracts were not less than 3.0%. The linear range of muscone concentration was 15.21-243.36 μg/ml(r=0.9998);RS-Ds of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were lower than 2%;recovery was 97.70%-99.63%(RSD=0.78%,n=6). CON-CLUSIONS:The established method can be used for the quality control of Shexiang qutong liniment.

Objective:To investigate the inhibitory effect of recombinant mutant human tumor necrosis factor(rmhTNF-?)combined with cisplatin(DDP)against transplanted Lewis lung carcinoma(LLC)in mice,and to explore the related mechanism.Methods:LLC cells were subcutaneously inoculated into C57BL/6 mice at the right axilla and the mice were randomly divided into 4 groups:sodium chloride(control group),DDP group,rmhTNF-? group,rmhTNF-? plus DDP group.On the 7th day after inoculation the diameter of the tumor reached 0.6 cm;the corresponding agents were intratumorally injected for 3 d.All mice were sacrificed 1 d later and the tumors were obtained,weighed,and the tumor inhibitory rate was calculated.Flow cytometric analysis was used to examine cells apoptosis and cell cycle.Expression of survivin mRNA was examined by RT-PCR.Results:(1)The tumor inhibitory rates of the DDP plus rmhTNF-? group(36.61%)was significantly higher than those of the DDP group(17.12%)and rmhTNF-? group(15.83%,P