Supernumerary teeth have a genetic predispositionwith a predilection for males. This article reports anuncommon radiological finding in a non-syndromicsibling pair who presented with supernumerary teethof different morphologies on opposite and differentregions of the dental arches. A 14-year-old Chinesemale presented with a conical supernumerary palatallyplaced between the upper right central and lateralincisors. His older brother had unerupted bilateralsupplemental supernumerary teeth between the rootsof the lower second premolars and first permanentmolars. Trends of the phenotypic presentation offamilial non-syndromic supernumerary cases arediscussed. Familial supernumerary teeth have beensuggested to be due to autosomal dominance orrecessive traits. Variation in the numeral, spatial andmorphological phenotypic expressions suggests amultifactorial model of multiple genetic, epigeneticand environmental influences. Clinicians need to bemindful of the possible phenotypic variations that maypresent when treating cases with family history ofdental anomalies.

The audit aimed to investigate the availability oforthodontic instruments and materials at Faculty ofDentistry, University of Malaya. The standard was set as100% of instruments and materials should be availablewhen required for orthodontic treatment. The formcomprised of six sections, which listed the commonlyused instruments and materials involved in the proceduresof impression taking, fitting and removal of molar bands,bonding and debonding of orthodontic brackets andactivation of orthodontic appliances. The fifth section listedthe less commonly used instruments and materials and apart for the clinician to list down instruments that wereused but not listed in the form. Whilst the last section is forthe clinician to list down the instruments or materials thatwere not available when requested. A total of 567 formswere completed and it was found that 97.6% instrumentsand 98.6% materials were available. Overall, 22 types ofinstruments were temporary not available with frequencymean of 2.1 (Minimum: 1; Maximum: 7) whilst 6 types ofmaterials were temporary not available with a frequencymean of 2.3 (Minimum: 1; Maximum: 8). In conclusion,majority of the instruments and materials required duringorthodontic clinical sessions were available. The check listof frequently used orthodontic instruments and materialsfrom this audit could aid inventory and help futuremanagement of the material and instruments.

INTRODUCTION: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had an unprecedented impact in Asia and has placed significant burden on already stretched healthcare systems. We examined the impact of COVID-19 on the safety attitudes among healthcare workers (HCWs), as well as their associated demographic and occupational factors, and measures of burnout, depression and anxiety. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey study utilising snowball sampling was performed involving doctors, nurses and allied health professions from 23 hospitals in Singapore, Malaysia, India and Indonesia between 29 May 2020 and 13 July 2020. This survey collated demographic data and workplace conditions and included three validated questionnaires: the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ), Oldenburg Burnout Inventory and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. We performed multivariate mixed-model regression to assess independent associations with the SAQ total percentage agree rate (PAR). RESULTS: We obtained 3,163 responses. The SAQ total PARs were found to be 35.7%, 15.0%, 51.0% and 3.3% among the respondents from Singapore, Malaysia, India and Indonesia, respectively. Burnout scores were highest among respondents from Indonesia and lowest among respondents from India (70.9%-85.4% vs. 56.3%-63.6%, respectively). Multivariate analyses revealed that meeting burnout and depression thresholds and shifts lasting ≥12 h were significantly associated with lower SAQ total PAR. CONCLUSION Addressing the factors contributing to high burnout and depression and placing strict limits on work hours per shift may contribute significantly towards improving safety culture among HCWs and should remain priorities during the pandemic.
Humans ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Pandemics ; COVID-19/epidemiology* ; Burnout, Psychological ; Health Personnel