No abstract available.
Parturition*

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the clinical features of platinum compounds (cisplatin plus carboplatin) associated hypersensitivity reactions. METHODS: Medical records of 102 patients with gynecologic malignancy who received chemotherapy based on platinum at Center for Uterine Cancer from Jun. 2001 to Nov. 2002 were analyzed. Platinum hypersensitivity reaction was classified as acute and delayed reaction according to the time of onset, also mild and severe reaction according to the severity of symptoms and signs. RESULTS: Among the 102 patients treated with platinum compounds during this period, 20 (20%) developed hypersensitivity reaction. The median number of platinum courses for the first episode was 7 (range 4-9) and it concentrated at 7, 8, 9th cycles. Fourteen patients developed acute reaction and six patients experienced delayed reaction. Ten patients experienced severe symptoms including dyspnea. Acute reaction developed from a few minutes to 30 minutes after the initiation of the platinum infusion. Delayed reaction developed after discharge of patients with mild intensity. CONCLUSION: Platinum hypersensitivity reactions develop in patients who have been extensively pre- treated with these agents. As platinum compounds are increasingly used as neoadjuvant, initial, second-line chemotherapy of ovarian cancer and concurrent chemoradiation, palliative setting of cervical cancer, it can be anticipated that hypersensitivity reactions to these drugs will happen more frequently, at the same time it might be a important issue for clinicians engaged in chemotherapy.
Carboplatin* ; Cisplatin* ; Drug Therapy ; Dyspnea ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity* ; Medical Records ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Platinum ; Platinum Compounds ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; Uterine Neoplasms

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical feasibility of FDG-PET scan in selection of patients with pelvic recurrence of cervical cancer for surgical treatment. METHODS: From Jun. 2001 to Oct. 2002, whole body FDG-PET scan findings were compared with findings of CT, MRI, and pathologic reports in 24 patients with pelvic recurrence of cervical cancer. PET scan was obtained with a GE Advance PET scanner, beginning at 60 minutes after injection of 370-555 MBq (10- 15 mCi) of 18F FDG. Regional scan was also obtained if needed. Uptake exceeding 2.5 SUV was determined as a positive finding. RESULTS: Among these 24 patients, 10 patients had metastatic lesions at pelvic lymphnodes (4), para- aortic lymphnodes (3), mediastinal lympnnodes (1), lung (4), and bone (1). Among 14 patients with no metastasis, 10 patients underwent surgical treatment but the operations were abandoned in 2 patients due to lymphnodes metastasis and pelvic peritoneal spreads that confused as normal FDG uptake of the intestines pre- operatively. Among 8 patients whom the operation was completed, 3 patients received pelvic exenteration, 2 patients received CORT, and 3 patients received LEER. CONCLUSION: FDG-PET is clinically feasible in selection of patients with pelvic recurrence of cervical cancer for surgical treatment.
Humans ; Intestines ; Lung ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pelvic Exenteration ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Recurrence* ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the intra- and post-operative risks of myomectomies during cesarean section. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study is a retrospective review of myomectomy during cesarean section performed from January 1, 1998, to December 31, 2000, at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Pochon CHA University, Seoul, Korea. The subjects were 88 pregnant women diagnosed with leiomyoma. The outcome measures were hemoglobin drop, blood loss, need for blood transfusion, intra- and post- operative complications. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 32.5 +/- 4.4 and nulliparas(84.1%) were prevalent. The mean gestational age was 38 +/- 1.19 wks. Single myoma was found in 67% of cases, 50% located in the uterine corpus and 50% of cases were subserosal. type. The mean blood loss was 731.5 +/- 238ml range 400-2500. Twelve patients(13.6%) had blood transfusion. There was one case of re-operation because of post-operative bleeding. But there was no case of severe hemorrhage necessitating hystrectomy. CONCLUSION: Myomectomy during cesarean section is not such a hazardous procedure as many now believe.
Blood Transfusion ; Cesarean Section* ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Gynecology ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Korea ; Leiomyoma ; Methods ; Myoma ; Obstetrics ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care) ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women ; Retrospective Studies ; Seoul

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of wild-type PTEN on gene expressions of glioblastomas.

METHODSGlioblastoma U87MG cells, which express inactivated PTEN, were transfected with wild-type PTEN constructs and stable transfected clones were selected. Then, cDNA microarray analyses were used to identify differentially expressed genes in wild-type PTEN transfected cells and control cells.

RESULTSTransfected wild-type PTEN inhibited the proliferation of U87MG. By cDNA microarray analyses, 89 cDNA clones were identified, which were differentially expressed in wild-type PTEN transfected cells and control cells. Among these genes, 13 genes were unknown and 76 genes were known genes, including glial fibrillary acidic protein, p21/WAF1, human TGF-beta inducible early protein, human DNA fragmentation factor 45 etc.

CONCLUSIONWild-type PTEN can affect the expressions of multiple genes, by which it regulates the proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis of glioblastomas.

Brain Neoplasms ; genetics ; Gene Expression ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Glioblastoma ; genetics ; Humans ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; PTEN Phosphohydrolase ; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases ; genetics ; physiology ; Transfection ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; genetics ; physiology

OBJECTIVE: Glaucomatous optic neuropathy (GON), defined as definitive damage to the optic-nerve head (ONH) and retinal-nerve-fiber layer (RNFL), involves structural changes in the ONH and RNFL and functional losses in the central visual field. Due to the unique anatomic distribution of the nerve fibers as they enter the ONH, there are specific changes in the ONH correlated with specific findings in the visual-field characteristic of GON. The evaluation of these changes is discussed. METHODS: There are qualitative and quantitative methods in the structural examination of the ONH and RNFL, and quantitative techniques in the functional assessment of the central visual field. They are correlated to one another their strengths and limitations are discussed. RESULTS: Clinical evaluation of the ONH and RNFL consists of five basic rules: (1) identify the limits of the optic disc and determine its size, (2) identify the s of the neuroretinal rim, (3) examine the RNFL, (4) examine the region for parapapillary atrophy, and (5) look for retinal and optic-disc hemorrhages. These steps are simple to use and comprise a portion of the comprehensive eye evaluation. Without proper documentation of the changes in glaucoma progression may be missed. Computer-based digital-imaging technology exemplified by the HRT II, GDx, OCT, provides fast, reproducible, objective measurements of the ONH and RNFL, allowing for more precise diagnosis and monitoring of glaucoma. These changes have good correlation to functional assessments exemplified by the standard automated perimetry (SAP) and the selective perimetry (FDT, SWAP). Typical glaucomatous visu field defects include nasal step, paracentral scotoma, and arcuate defects which follow the RNFL pattern. Progression of these defects is monitored over time and needs to be differentiated from long-term fluctuation. CONCLUSION: The clinician should perform both structural and functional assessments to diagnose and monitor glaucoma. Both examinations provide complimentary information and each has its own place in the clinical care of glaucoma patients. The newer imaging devices and selective perimetry augment the diagnostic armamentarium of the clinician and should, therefore, be used appropriately.
GLAUCOMA ; OPTIC NERVE ; VISUAL FIELDS ; VISUAL FIELD TESTS ; OPTIC DISK

BACKGROUND: Platelet activating factor (PAF) has been known to implicate one of potent inflammatory mediators and is reported to be involved in many pathologic processes, especially in inflammation and allergy. PAF has induced cytotoxic effects on the human paranasal sinus mucosa in vitro, showing ciliary inhibition, ciliostasis and cellular damage to the mucosal epithelium, in both dose and time dependent manners. However, the exact role of PAF in the pathogenesis of sinusitis is not yet known. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to provide a new model of acute sinusitis by application of PAF into the maxillary sinus in rabbits. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Rabbits were divided into 2 groups. Experimental groups were applied with 16 ng/ml of PAF into the maxillary sinus percutaneously. Control groups were applied with normal saline using the same technique as in the experimental groups. The presence of purulent secretion was observed in the nostril of rabbits, and the culture and smears of the secretions were performed. All of the mucosae were taken from the inferomedial wall of each sinus for light microscopy. RESULTS: Mucoid and purulent discharges were observed in rabbits of the experimental groups at 5 and 7 days after the application of PAF, respectively. Pasteurella multocida was found in the sinus content of experimental groups at 5 and 7 days. The prominent epithelial disruption and the infiltration of the inflammatory cells (predominantly eosinophils) into the epithelium and lamina propria were observed at 7 days in PAF-applied group. CONCLUSION: In this study, PAF induced sinusitis without occlusion of the natural ostium of the maxillary sinus in rabbits, therby providing another animal model of sinusitis for the understanding of the pathogenesis of sinusitis caused by inflammatory mediators.
Blood Platelets* ; Epithelium ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Inflammation ; Maxillary Sinus* ; Maxillary Sinusitis* ; Microscopy ; Models, Animal ; Mucous Membrane ; Pasteurella multocida ; Pathologic Processes ; Platelet Activating Factor* ; Rabbits* ; Sinusitis

BACKGROUND: Particulate matter (PM) < 2.5 μm (PM METHODS: We obtained DNA methylation and exercise data of 496 participants (aged between 30 and 70 years) from the Taiwan Biobank (TWB) database. We also extracted PM RESULTS: DLEC1 methylation and PM CONCLUSIONS We found significant positive associations between PM
Adult ; Aged ; Air Pollutants/adverse effects* ; DNA Methylation/drug effects* ; Environmental Exposure/adverse effects* ; Exercise ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Particulate Matter/adverse effects* ; Taiwan ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/metabolism*

5% of ovarian neoplasms consist of granulosa cell tumors. 10% of cases coexist with pregnancy2. We report on delivery of normal infant in young woman with granulosa cell tumor diagnosed and treated during pregnancy. At laparotomy a large right ovarian granulosa cell tumor was found and right salpingo- oophorectomy was performed. A normal infant was delivered by cesarean section at full term.
Cesarean Section ; Female ; Granulosa Cell Tumor* ; Granulosa Cells* ; Humans ; Infant ; Laparotomy ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Ovariectomy ; Ovary* ; Pregnancy*