A 7 day old female baby suffered from perinatal asphyxia and trauma at birth. Subsequently, she had a violeceous subcutaneous plaque on back. The clinical setting, the skin manifestation and the histologic findings of the lesion were diagnostic of subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn. Histologic findings revealed fat necrosis with infiltration of inflammatory cells, foreign body giant cells and several fat cells contain needle shaped cleft in radial arrangement. Four weeks latter, the skin lesion was healed spontaneously.
Adipocytes ; Asphyxia ; Fat Necrosis ; Female ; Giant Cells, Foreign-Body ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Necrosis* ; Needles ; Parturition ; Skin ; Skin Manifestations ; Subcutaneous Fat*

Palpation of an abdominal mass in an infant or child presents a challenging problem in diagnosis and treatment. We reviewed the data on 166 patients under age 15 years who admitted to Ped. Dept. of PMC due to palpable abdominal mass in Jan. 1972-July 1977. The results are as follows 1. Of the 57 surgical cases, pathologically confirmed abdominal tumors were 39 cases. Of the 20 retroperitoneal tumors, Wilms tumors were 13 cases, neuroblastomas were 3 cases, polycystic kidney was 1 case, and retroperitoneal teratoma was 1 case. Of the 19 intraperitonel tumors, hepatomas were 3 cases, hepatoblastoma was 1 case, choledocal cysts were 3 cases, mesenteric and omental cysts were 4 cases, malignant lymphomas were 4 cases and ovarian cysts were 3 cases. Other surgical diseases were 2 cases of ascariasis and 2 cases of bezoar. 2. Medical cases were as follows : 35 cases of leukemia, 15 cases of infectious hepatitis, 14 cases of congenital syphilis 7 cases of liver cirrhosis 7 cases of lirerabscesses, 4 cases of miliary Tbc., 3 cases of congenital spherocytosis, 1 case of cryptococosis, I case of osteopetrosis and 1 case of erythroblastosis fetalis. 3. In age distribution, almost all cases(94%) of Wilms tumor and neuroblastoma were under age of 4 and half of medical cases in infancy were congenital syphilis. 4. Of the pathologically confirmed 39 abdominal tumors, 20 cases were retroperitoneal tumor and 19 cases were intraperitoneal tumor. Of the 20 retroperitonel tumor cases, 16 cases were renal origin, 3 cases were adrenal origin, and 1 case was teratoma. Of the 19 intraperitoneal tum orcases, 8 cases were hepatobiliary origin, 3 cases were ovary origin, 4 cases were omental and mesenteric origin and 4 cases were lymphatics origin. 5. Of the 39 abdominal tumor cases, 34 cases (87%) visited the hospital with the chief complaint of palpable abdominal mass. But, of the 94 medical cases, only 16 cases(17%) visited the hospital with the chief complaint of palpable abdominal mass. 6. In some cases presumptive diagnosis on the base of history taking, physical examination, chest X-ray, simple abdominal X-ray. Peripheral blood findings on admission were uncorrect. In 1 case of Wilms tumor, we suspected liver abscess on admission. In 1/3 case of intraperitoneal tumors, we suspected retroperitoneal tumor on admission. We suspected lymphoma on admission in 1 case of ascariasis and 1 case of bezoar. We misdiagnoed 1 case of miliary Tbc. As hepatoma, 1 case of liver cirrhosis as retroperitoneal tumor and 1 case of congenital syphilis as retroperitoneal tumor on admission. 7. In the treatment of malignant abdominal tumor, we tried all possible measures such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. But prognosis of all malignant abdominal tumors were very poor. Only 1 case of Wilms tumor and 1 case of hepatoblastoma were survived at the time of review.
Age Distribution ; Ascariasis ; Bezoars ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Child* ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Erythroblastosis, Fetal ; Female ; Hepatitis A ; Hepatoblastoma ; Humans ; Infant* ; Infant, Newborn ; Leukemia ; Liver Abscess ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Lymphoma ; Neuroblastoma ; Osteopetrosis ; Ovarian Cysts ; Ovary ; Palpation ; Physical Examination ; Polycystic Kidney Diseases ; Prognosis ; Syphilis, Congenital ; Teratoma ; Thorax ; Wilms Tumor

During The last 11 years from Jan. 1980 to Dec. 1990, 72 cases of salmonellosis has been admitted to the Department of Pediatrics of National Medical Center and evaluated clinical difference between typhoid fever and salmonella gastroenteritis. The results were as follows: 1) The annual incidence of salmonella gastroenteritis insalmonellosis was increased in the latter half of the eighties. 2) Both salmonellosis had its peak incidence in the summer. 3) Salmonella gastroenteritis was highest in the age of less than 5 year in contrast with the age of 6~9 year in typhoid fever. 4) The specimens isolated salmonellae were blood and stool in most cases, especially blood in typhoid fever and stool in gastroenteritis. 5) S.typhi was 16 cases, salmonella group A was 3 cases, group B was 16 cases and Group D and E were a case in each in isolated salmonellae. 6) On the antibiotic sensitivity test, S.typhi was sensitive to the most antibiotics. but the salmonella group B was relatively resisitant to Ampicillin, Carbenicillin, Tetracycline and Chloramphenicol.
Ampicillin ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Carbenicillin ; Chloramphenicol ; Gastroenteritis ; Incidence ; Pediatrics ; Salmonella ; Salmonella Infections* ; Tetracycline ; Typhoid Fever

It is notoriously difficult to obtain a sound bony union of large segmental bone defects secondary to trauma or following tumor resection, infected nonunion, congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia, and avascular necrosis of the femoral head with conventional methods. Recent advances in microsurgery have made it possible to provide a continuing circulation of blood in bone grafts so as to ensure viability. With the nutrient blood supply preserved, healing of the graft to the recipient bone is facilitated without the usual replacement of the graft by creeping substitution. Thus, the grafted bone is achieved more rapid stabilization of bone fragments separated by a large defect without sacrificing viability. Thirty nine cases of the free vascularized fibular graft had been performed in the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyung Hee University Hospital during the period of 3 years from October 1978 to December 1981. Of these, ll cases were congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia, 4 cases were tuberculous spondylitis, 4 cases were infected nonunion, 7 cases were large segmental bone defects secondary to trauma, 9 cases were avascular necrosis of the femoral head and the other was one case. The results were obtained as follows: 1. The advantages of free vascularized living fibular graft are one stage procedure, resistance of torsion and angular stress, union with rapid hypertrophy of the graft, a shorter immobilization period and more rapid incorporation of the graft into the recipient area. 2. Free vascularized fibular graft can be widely used in the field of Orthopedic surgery. 3. The fibula is the bone best suited for reconstruction of a defect in a long bone. 4. In children, distal tibiofibular synostosis must be performed. 5. For prevention of clawing toe, the muscles around the bone is meticulously dissected, 6. Evaluation by selective arteriography and isotopic scanning both before and after operation may be used to assess the viability of the fibula graft.
Angiography ; Animals ; Child ; Fibula ; Head ; Hoof and Claw ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Immobilization ; Microsurgery ; Muscles ; Necrosis ; Orthopedics ; Pseudarthrosis ; Spondylitis ; Synostosis ; Tibia ; Toes ; Transplants

Adult stem cells are multipotent and self-renewing cells that contain several functions; i) migration and homing potential: stem cells can migrate to injured and inflamed tissues. ii) differentiation potential: stem cells which migrated to injured tissues can be differentiated into multiple cell types for repairing and regenerating the tissues. iii) immunomodulatory properties: stem cells, especially mesenchymal stem cells can suppress immune system such as inflammation. All those characteristics might be useful for the treatment of the digestive tract diseases which are complex and encompass a broad spectrum of different pathogenesis. Preclinical stem cell therapy showed some promising results, especially in liver failure, pancreatitis, sepsis, and inflammatory bowel disease. If we can understand more about the mechanism of stem cell action, stem cell therapy can become a promising alternative treatment for refractory digestive disease in the near future. In this review, we summarized current preclinical experiences in diseases of the digestive tract using stem cells.
Adult Stem Cells/cytology/*transplantation ; Digestive System Diseases/*therapy ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Humans

In this study the in vitro protective effects of several antioxidant vitamins (vitamin C, alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene), fruits and vegetables (strawberry, tangerine, orange and 100% orange juice, carrot juice), on the levels of isolated human lymphocyte DNA damage was measured using Comet assay. Comet assay has been used widely to assess the level of the DNA damage in the individual cells. Lymphocytes were pre-treated for 30 minutes with antioxidant vitamins (10, 50, 100, 500 micrometer) or fruits. vegetables (10, 100, 500, 1000 microgram/ml), an4 then oxidatively challenged with 100 micrometer H2O2 for 5 min at 4degrees C. The protective effect of antioxidant vitamins against DNA damage at a concentration of 50 micrometer were 50% in vitamin C, 32% in alpha-tocopherol, whereas, beta-carotene showed a 55% protection at a dose as low as 10micrometer. The inhibitory effects of DNA damage by strawberry, tangerine, orange, orange juices, carrot juices were 50 - 60% with wide ranges of doses. The results of the present study indicate that most the antioxidant vitamins and fruits.vegetables juices produced a significant reduction in oxidative DNA damage.
alpha-Tocopherol ; Ascorbic Acid ; beta Carotene ; Citrus sinensis ; Comet Assay* ; Daucus carota ; DNA Damage* ; DNA* ; Fragaria ; Fruit* ; Humans* ; Lymphocytes* ; Vegetables* ; Vitamins*

In Korea, the metallic implant had to be supplied through import channel with many problems. KAIST succeeded in making AISI 316 LVM stainless steel within the criteria of American Society for Testing and Materials. With the animal experiment at preliminary report I, the biocompatibility in the muscle was examined. For biocompatibility test of new material, test in the bone is essential. In this animal experiment using rat tibia, the biocompatibility of the Kirschner wire of KAIST was compared with that of Zimmer. The result was as follows: 1. Tissue reaction of the Kirschner wire of KAIST was minimal to moderate. 2. Corrosion was negligible, and there was no definite difference between the KAIST and Zimmer Kirschner wires. 3. Authors observed the satisfactory biocompatibility of the KAIST Kirschner wite in bone and muscle, and concluded that the Kirschner wire of KAIST can be applied to human body without serious problems.
Animal Experimentation ; Animals ; Bone Wires ; Corrosion ; Human Body ; Korea ; Rats ; Stainless Steel ; Tibia

Airway Obstruction ; Classification ; Humans ; Malocclusion ; Mouth ; Muscle Weakness ; Neck ; Open Bite ; Trismus ; Vision Disorders

No abstract available.
Endocardial Cushion Defects* ; Endocardial Cushions* ; Ultrasonics*

BACKGROUND: Interleukin-5 (IL-5), IL-3, and GM-CSF are known to prolong the survival of eosinophils, and IL-5 has the most potent effect on eosinophil survivaL It is also known that divergent signals induce apoptosis in different cells. But, There have been few reports on about the intracellular signals that trigger the effectors of apoptosis. Cyclic AMP (cAMP) can modulate apoptosis in many cells. But, the role of intracellular cAMP in the IL-5 induced eosinophil survival is still not completely understood. OBJECTIVES: This study was aimed to elucidate the role of intracellular cAMP in IL-5 induced eosinophil survival. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Eosinophils were isolated from peripheral blood of atopic patients. Eosinophil viability was measured by means of propidium iodine (PI) method and the number of viable cells was counted by FAC scan (Becton Dickinson, USA). Cells were cultured with or without IL-5, and also with various cAMP-elevating agents (dibutyryl cAMP, 8-bromo-cAMP, N6- benzoyl cAMP). The concentrations of cAMP were measured by cAMP enzyme immunoassay system(BiotrakTM, Amersham). Finally cAMP dependent protein kinase A inhibitor (H8) was added to eosinophils to examine the effect of decreased intracellular cAMP activity on the viability of eosinophils stimulated with IL-5. RESULTS: The percentage of viable eosinophils was reduced rapidly from 92.1+/-1.8% to 8.23+/- 3.41% without IL-5 (p<0.05; n=ll, 4-day incubation). Upon addition of IL-5, it was increased to 33.02+7.8% (p<0.05; n=ll). In the absence of IL-5, the addition of cAMP-elevating agent increased eosinophil viability in a dose-dependent manner. Upon addition of H8 (24 uM), the eosinophil viability increased by IL-5 (52.5+/-6.4%) was significantly reduced to 27.2+/-5.4% (p<0.05;n=7). Compared with tissue culture media (TCM) only, IL-5 produced persistent elevation of intracellular cAMP of eosinophils in a time and dose dependent manner.
8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate ; Apoptosis* ; Culture Media ; Cyclic AMP ; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases ; Eosinophils* ; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor ; Humans ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Interleukin-3 ; Interleukin-5 ; Iodine ; Propidium