Increased melanin pigmentation following ultraviolet irradiat.ion is due to increasing tyrosinase activity and multiplicatian of functioning melanocytes. After UV-irradiation, the size of melanocytes increases, and melanocyte dendrites elongatc, and branch. In this experiment, we induced the activation of melanocyts in the epidermis of C57BL black mice by ultraviolet-B(UVB) irradiation and observcd ihe effect of azelaic acid and retinoic acid on the UVB activated epidermal melanocytes. Sixty C57BL black mice were irradiated by UVB 100mJ/cm daily for 10 days, and then azeiaic acid and retinoic acid were topically applied daily for 7 weeks. For the estimation of morphologic change of epidermal melanocytes, light microscopic observation with split DOPA stain was performed at the end of the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 7th week of topical application. The results are summerized as follows : 1. The number, size and circumference of DOPA-positive epidermal melanocytes were significantly decreased in 20% azelaic acid applied group and 30% azelaic acid and 0.05% retinoic acid applied group. 2. In 20% azelaic;i.cid and 0.05% retinoic acid applied group, the number, size and circumference of DOPA-positive epidermal melanocytes were nore significantly decreased than in 20% azelaic acid applied group. In summary, the present study suggets that azelaic acid act as a depigmenting agent on epidermal melanocyte; and such depigmenting effect of azelaic acid was increased by addition of retinoic acid.
Animals ; Dendrites ; Dihydroxyphenylalanine ; Epidermis ; Melanins ; Melanocytes* ; Mice* ; Monophenol Monooxygenase ; Pigmentation ; Tretinoin*

A 31-year-old female patient has had a translucent cystic papule on the genitalia since 2 years ago. The diagnosis was confirmed by clinical and histopathological findings. This is the rare case of apocrine hidrocystoma occring in the fernale genitalia in the literature.
Adult ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Female* ; Genitalia ; Genitalia, Female* ; Hidrocystoma* ; Humans

Tricilemmoma is a benign, solitary tumor that may be clinically misdiagnosed as basal cell carcinoma or verruca. It affects frequently the face of elderly rnen. We present herein a case of trichilemrnoma in a 70-year-old Korean wornan who had a slowly growing tumor on the scalp for 50 years. The histopathologic findings revealed lobular acanthosis of glycogeri rich clear cells and palisade of columnar cells resting on prominent basement membrane.
Aged ; Basement Membrane ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Humans ; Scalp* ; Warts

The pretent study was performed to study the epiderrnal changes of ultraviolet irradiation and PUVA treatment in the black mice. The following results were obtained: 1) The histologic changes of the epidermis, number of DOPA positive melanocytes and ultrastructural changes of keratinocytes due to UVB and PUVA were rnore prominent than those of UVA irradiation. 2) The histological changes after 8-MOP photosensitization closely mirnic those of UVR irradiation, and constant, finding was hyperkeratosis. 3) Early histological change after UVL irradiation & IUVA treatment was appearance of dytkeratotic cells. 4) Pro]onged exposure to UVB & PUVA resulted in transient epidermal hyperplasia, and epidermal atrophy occurred 3 weeks after PUVA treatment. 5) Early electron microscopic changes was perinuclear edema, juxtanuclear vacuoles and clumping of tonofilament.
Animals ; Atrophy ; Dihydroxyphenylalanine ; Edema ; Epidermis ; Hyperplasia ; Intermediate Filaments ; Keratinocytes ; Melanocytes ; Methoxsalen ; Mice* ; Photosensitivity Disorders ; Ultraviolet Rays ; Vacuoles

Serum lipids and lipoproteins were determined in 70 patients with hypertension, 40 patients with cerebral infarctions, and 41 patients with cerebral hemorrhage. The results were compared with findings in 64 healthy controls. The results are as follows; 1) Total cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and total cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol ratio were significantly higher in patients with hypertension or cerebral infarction than in control group, but HDL-cholesterol showed no significant difference. 2) In Patients with cerebral hemorrhage, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol were higher than in normal controls. Total cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol ratio was within the limits of normal. It is possible that the susceptibility to cerebral infarction is the result of high total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio rather than low HDL cholesterol. But our study suggests that hyperlipoproteinemia plays a minor role in the development of cerebral hemorrhage.
Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Cerebral Infarction ; Cholesterol ; Cholesterol, HDL ; Cholesterol, LDL ; Humans ; Hyperlipoproteinemias ; Hypertension* ; Lipoproteins

We report a caae of hepatic and intestinal infestation with paragonimus wewstermani complicating abscess formation. The pathway by which the paragonimus westermani reaehea liver and intestine is not well understood. However, there was possiblity that it may become lodged in other organs that the lung because of polonged larval migrations through the diaphragm or into various sites in the abdomen. The patient, 52-year-old female gave a history of having reyeatedly consumed raw crabs. An x-ray film of the chest showed clear lunga Skin test for paragonimus-westermani was positive. Abdominal ultrasonogram showed enlargement of the liver with multiple hypoechoic lesiona ERCP revealed multiple ie lesions in the right lobe of the liver. Abdaminal CT showed multifocal abscess cavities with slight rim enhancements. Above meetioned diagnostic procedures suggested liver abscess or hepatoma. Then, an exploratory laparotomy was done for a definite diagnosis, Frozen biopsy, from liver and surgically exe mass from ileocecal region revealed extrpulmonary paragnomiasis involving liver and cecum. Thus, the patient was treated with prasiquantel. Three months later, abdominal ultrasonogram demonstrated slight enlargement of the liver but no evidence of abnormal mass like lesions.
Abdomen ; Abscess ; Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Cecum* ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Diagnosis ; Diaphragm ; Female ; Humans ; Intestines ; Laparotomy ; Liver Abscess ; Liver* ; Lung ; Middle Aged ; Paragonimiasis* ; Paragonimus ; Paragonimus westermani ; Praziquantel ; Skin Tests ; Thorax ; Ultrasonography ; X-Ray Film

The present study was performed to evaluate the effect of sulfhydryl compounds, cysteine and glutathione, on the size of melanosomes and the ratio of melanosormai stages of epidermal melanocytes in UV-irradiated black mice. The results were as follows; 1. Both of cysteine and glutathione showed significant diminution in the short axis of melanosomes and the percentage of stage 4 melanosomes of epidermal melanocytes in C57BL black mice skin. 2. The length of short axis of melanosomes in glutathione-treated group is smaller than those in cysteine-treated group at the end of 3rd week of intraperitoneal injection. The percentage of stage IV melanosomes significantly decreased in glutathione-treated group and cysteine-treated group at the end of 3rd week and 5th week respectively. 3. In glutathione-treated group, the short axis of melanosomes and the percentage of stage 4 melanosomes both decreased in proportional to the period of intraperitoneal in]ection.
Animals ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Cysteine ; Glutathione ; Injections, Intraperitoneal ; Melanocytes* ; Melanosomes ; Mice* ; Skin ; Sulfhydryl Compounds*

Sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis is a benign ossifying diathetic disorder characterized by hyperostosis and soft tissue ossification of the clavicles, anterior portion of the first ribs, and manubrium, with variable hyperostosis or ankylosis in the spine and sacroiliac joints. A review of the literature and our own case describes the clinical findings and its characteristic features in RI, CT, and plain film.
Ankylosis ; Clavicle ; Hyperostosis ; Hyperostosis, Sternocostoclavicular* ; Manubrium ; Ribs ; Sacroiliac Joint ; Spine

No abstract available.
Antibodies, Anticardiolipin* ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome* ; Pregnancy*

The femoral fracture, occurred associated with the cemented hip arthroplasty, is well-known cornplication but the proximal femoral fractures of the noncemented hip arthroplasty, were occurred more than those. Among the 290 patients, who were treated by the noncemented hip arthroplasty from Dec. 1987 to April 1992, the 24 cases of the femoral fracture were experienced and the results were as follows: 1) of the 24 cases, the male was nine and the female was fifteen. The age distribution was mostly occurred between 41 and 60 years old and most fracture were developed in 1 1mm stem size. In revision cases, 225mm stem length (Wagner) was common. The locations of fracture were proximal 1/3 (type I: 19 cases), tip (type II; 1 case), distal 1/3 (type III; 1 case) and comminuted (type IV; 3 cases) by Johansson; siclassification. 2) The femoral fracture was mostly developed during the stem insertion and the fracture site in anatomical stem was only proximal femur. 3) 1n cases of revision, most of the fractures were occured on the anterior or lateral side of the femur. It was difficult to manage the fracture because of the severe osteoporosis and comminution. 4) As the problem of the operative technique, the fracture incidence can be decreased by accurate preoperative measurement and it must be cautious in the stem more than 225 mm length, which were used in revision case. 5) The circumferential wiring for proximal and plate & screws in middle and distal were done as the treatment of fracture and the results were all good, but stem tip fracture in osteoporotic patients was troublesome. We think that long plate(>8 holes) & both cortex purchase and bone graft are best methods so far.
Age Distribution ; Arthroplasty ; Female ; Femoral Fractures ; Femur ; Hip ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Osteoporosis ; Transplants