We investigated the induction of resistance to Haemaphysalis longicornis infestation in rabbits that had been immunized with recombinant H. longicornis P27/30 protein. The success of immunological control methods is dependent upon the use of potential key antigens as tick vaccine candidates. Previously, we cloned a gene encoding 27 kDa and 30 kDa proteins (P27/30) of H. longicornis, and identified P27/30 as a troponin I-like protein. In this study, rabbits that were immunized with recombinant P27/30 expressed in Escherichia coli showed the statistically significant longer feeding duration for larval and adult ticks (P< 0.05), low engorgement rates in larval ticks (64.4%), and an apparent reduction in egg weights, which suggest that H. longicornis P27/30 protein is a potential candidate antigen for a tick vaccine. These results demonstrated that the recombinant P27/30 protein might be a useful vaccine candidate antigen for biological control of H. longicornis.
Animals ; Antibodies/blood ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Insect Proteins/immunology ; Ixodidae/*immunology ; Microfilament Proteins/*immunology ; Rabbits ; Recombinant Proteins/*immunology ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Tick Infestations/*immunology/prevention & control

We assessed the accuracy of clinical evaluation, arthrography, and arthroscopy in the diagnosis of meniscal lesions in twenty-nine knees in which arthrotomy and menisectomy were performed after evaluation by these three methods, At surgery, thirty menisci of twenty-nine knees were removed, of which twenty-eight were abnormal and two were normal. In these thirty menisci, a correct diagnosis was made clinically eighteen times, arthrographically twenty times, and arthroscopically twenty-seven times. Posterior horn tears of medial meniscus and discoid lateral meniscus were well visualized but lateral meniscal tears were poorly visualized on arthrogram. The errors of arthroscopy occurred in two tears confined to outer one half of medial menscal posterior horn, and in a normal meniscus as false positive. Based on this study, it was concluded that both the arthrography and arthroscopy are valuable techniques for the diagnosis of meniscal lesions, and that we can expect correct diagnosis of all the meniscal lesions by the use of complementary roles of the two and by the experiences.
Animals ; Arthrography ; Arthroscopy ; Diagnosis ; Horns ; Knee ; Menisci, Tibial ; Tears

Amputation through the epiphyseal plate is very rare. Authors experienced only one case of ankle amputation through the epiphyseal plate in one huadred seventeen replantation cases during last seven years. It can make severe growth disturbance after replantation especially if the bone shortening is carried out at epiphyseal plate. Authors have developed new idea to make boae shortening during replantation with preservation of the epiphyseal plate in amputation through the epiphyseal plate in three years old female. It is, so called, double osteotomy shortening. Bone shortening is performed at 5cm above amputated epipyaeal plate to avoid further damage in epiphyseal plate, and a bone segment 3cm in length is resected,by double osteotomy shortening technique. After then, bone reduction and internal fixation is followed. With above technique, authors succeeded in replantation without further damage in epiphysis. In three years and ten months follow-up, bony growth in replanted tibia shows normal pattern, and epiphyseal plate in replanted site is working and remained open. The patient can walk without pain, and motor-sensory function have almost completely recoverered.
Amputation ; Ankle ; Epiphyses ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Growth Plate ; Humans ; Osteotomy ; Replantation ; Tibia

The success of immunological control methods is dependent upon the use of potential key antigens as tick vaccine candidates. Previously, we cloned a gene encoding 27 kDa and 30 kDa proteins (P27/30) of Haemaphysalis longicornis, and identified the P27/30 is a troponin I-like protein. In this study, the recombinant P27/30 (rP27/30) expressed in Escherichia coli was used to immunize mice and the mice were challenge-infested with ticks at different developmental stages of the same species. The rP27/30 protein stimulated a specific protective anti-tick immune response in mice, evidenced by the statistically significant longer pre-feeding periods in adult ticks. Furthermore, significantly longer feeding periods were noted in both larval and adult ticks. On the other hand, only larval ticks exhibited low attachment rates (31.1%). Immunization of mice with rP27/30 protein confers protection against hard tick Haemaphysalis longicornis infestation. These results demonstrated that the rP27/30 protein might be a useful vaccine candidate antigen for biological control of ticks.
Animals ; Feeding Behavior ; Female ; Ixodidae/*immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Microfilament Proteins/*immunology ; Recombinant Proteins/immunology ; Tick Infestations/*prevention&control ; Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology

Thymic carcinoid tumor is a rare mediastinal tumor, which was firstly described by Rosai and Higa in 1972. A carcinoid tumor of the thymus has recently been regarded as a distinct tumor from thymoma, and is probably Kultschizky cell origin. The pathologic diagnosis of thymic carcinoid is made from findings from light microscopy, immunohistochemical studies and electron microscopy. About 50% of thymic carcinoids were seen with endocrinopathies. Recurrences and extrathoracic metastasis are characteristics of thymic carcinoids. Surgical removal of the intial and tumor recurred are considered to be the most effective treatment today. However, the role of the adjuvant radiotherapy and the chemotherapy is still uncertain. Herein we report a case of thymic carcinoid tumor, which was confirmed by operation and pathologic study.
Carcinoid Tumor* ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Mediastinal Neoplasms ; Microscopy ; Microscopy, Electron ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant ; Recurrence ; Thymoma ; Thymus Gland ; Thymus Neoplasms

The disinfectant effects (DEs) of 10 types of chemicals, defined by their ability to destroy or inhibit oocysts and consequently prevent sporulation of Eimeria tenella field isolate, were evaluated in vitro. Correct species assignments and sample purities were confirmed by the singular internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-PCR analysis. A total of 18 treatments were performed, and the disinfection suppression levels were 75.9% for 39% benzene + 22% xylene (1:10 dilution), 85.5% for 30% cresol soup (1:1 dilution), and 91.7% for 99.9% acetic acid (1:2 dilution) group. The results indicate that acetic acid, cresol soup, and benzene+xylene are good candidates for suppression of E. tenella oocyst sporulation.
Animals ; Antiprotozoal Agents/*pharmacology ; Cluster Analysis ; DNA, Protozoan/chemistry/genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer/chemistry/genetics ; Disinfectants/*pharmacology ; Eimeria tenella/*drug effects/*growth & development ; Microscopy ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Parasitic Sensitivity Tests ; Phylogeny ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Spores, Protozoan/*drug effects/*growth & development

No abstract available.
Humans*

The oocyst wall is severed by means of mechanical injury or chemical agents. This study reports the percentage of in vitro sporocyst release following mechanical shaking in the presence of varying sizes of glass beads. Glass beads measured 0.5, 1, and 3 mm in diameter and were shaken with the oocysts for different times ranging from 5 sec to 5 min. Approximately 80% of sporocysts were released with 5 min of shaking in the presence of 3 mm glass beads, as well as 30 sec with 0.5 mm beads and 1 mm glass beads. The release of sporocysts of E. tenella was most efficient using 1 mm glass beads and treatment times of 30 sec to 1 min. Therefore, the use of 1 mm glass beads with 30 sec to 1 min of agitation is recommended in order to maximize sporocyst release and recovery and to improve the yield of viable sporozoites for use in biochemical, tissue culture, and immunological applications of coccidia.
Eimeria tenella/*physiology ; *Glass ; *Mechanical Phenomena ; Microspheres ; Oocysts/*physiology ; Parasitology/*methods ; *Stress, Physiological ; Time Factors

No abstract available.
Sparganosis*

Acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP) has been described as an idiopathic febrile illness with a duration of less than seven days with severe hypoxemia, pulmonary infiltrates, and no history of asthma. It has been reported that AEP is associated with smoking. Although the pathogenesis of smoking induced AEP is being actively studied, there is no direct histological evidence that smoking actually induces AEP. Recently, we encountered a case of AEP that may have been caused by smoking. We performed a cigarette smoking challenge test to verify that smoking was indeed the cause of AEP in this patient. Smoking induced an increase the proportion of eosinophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid without any respiratory symptoms or abnormal radiological findings. This result suggests that smoking was the cause of AEP in this patient.
Anoxia ; Asthma ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; Eosinophils* ; Humans ; Pulmonary Eosinophilia* ; Smoke* ; Smoking*