No abstract available.
Glucose* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Metabolism*

No abstract available.
Autoradiography* ; Brain* ; Rats, Wistar* ; Receptors, Muscarinic*

No abstract available.
Antibodies, Monoclonal* ; Blood Cells*

No abstract available.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast*

The authors did clinical analysis for 37 cases, ranging from 5 to 13 year old of age and following result obtained. 1. In group I partial involved type had brightful prognosis even in the neglected the cases. 2. Ischeal brace did not give any help to group II & III but in group I, it gave some help to the prognosis. 3. In untreated cases of old age group developed early arthritic changes. 4. The inital radiological bony changes in early L-C-P. cases was the demineralization of the subchondral area and subsequently subohondral vaccum phenomena followed.
Braces ; Humans ; Prognosis

Cancer tissues are characterized by increased glucose uptake. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose(FDG), a glucose analogue is used for the diagnosis of cancer in PET studies. This study was aimed to compare the glucose uptake and glucose transporter l(GLUT1) expression in various human colon cancer cells. We measured FDG uptake by cell retention study and expression of GLUTI using Western blotting. Human colon cancer cells, SNU-C2A, SNU-C4 and SNU-C5, were used. The cells were incubated with 1micro Ci/ml of FDG in HEPES-buffered saline for one hour. The FDG uptake of SNU-C2A,SNU-C4 and SNU-C5 were 16.8+/-1.36, 12.3+/-5.55 and 61.0+/-2.17cpm/microgram of protein, respectively. Dose-response and time-course studies represent that FDG uptake of cancer cells were dose dependent and time dependent. The rate of FDG uptake of SNU-C2A, SNU-C4 and SNU-C5 were 0.29+/-0.03, 0.21+/-0.09 and 1.07+/-0.07cpm/min/microgram of protein, respectively. Western blot analysis showed that the GLUT1 expression of SNU-C5 was significantly higher than those of SNU-C2A and SNU-C4. These results represent that FDG uptake into human colon cancer cells are different from each other. In addition, FDG uptake and expression of CLUT1 are closely related in human colon cancer cells.
Blotting, Western ; Colon* ; Colonic Neoplasms* ; Diagnosis ; Glucose ; Glucose Transport Proteins, Facilitative ; Humans*

PURPOSE: Breast cancer risk assessment tools have been developed in western countries as a result of large scaled epidemiological studies. These tools have been used as a rationale for breast cancer screening and to determine the selection criteria of NSABP P-1 and P-2. The aim of this study was to develop a breast cancer risk assessment tool for Korean women, which would be helpful for screening and preventing breast cancer. METHODS: The breast cancer risk model was used published by Sue Kyung Park in 2003. The report was a case- control study of 1687 breast cancer patients and 1155 normal populations in 3 hospitals from 1996 to 2000. The risk factors used in this model were age, family history of the first and second relatives, body mass index, age at the first delivery, breast-feeding and a special test on the breasts. A computer program was developed using the Borland Delphi on a personal computer using a windows 98 operating system. The program consisted of three parts; an input window of the risk factors, a calculation part of the relative risks, an output window of the results. RESULTS: The program was a 308K byte sized single executable file. In the initial window, a simple explanation of the program and a reference of the risk model were displayed. The age, height and weight were entered as continuous variables in the input window. The family history of the first and second relatives, the age at the first delivery, breast-feeding and a special test on the breasts were selected by the radio buttons. In the output window, the relative risks were calculated according to each risk factor. The overall relative risk was calculated in a given age group and the overall age group. CONCLUSION: In this study, a computer program for a breast cancer risk assessment was developed using the relative risk model of breast cancer. This program was found to be useful for making an individual breast cancer risk assessment of Korean women.
Body Mass Index ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Microcomputers ; Patient Selection ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors

No abstract available.
Primary Myelofibrosis*

OBJECTIVES: The goal of this report is to present an individual patient's survival estimation curve using the each institution's survival data after Cox proportional hazard analysis. METHODS: The program was developed in three parts: input of basic data from Cox proportional hazard analysis, input of individual patient's covariates, and presentation of individual patient's survival curve. In the first part, the average survival rates with each survival time were entered as the means of covariates using the results of Cox proportional hazard analysis. In the second part, the individual patient's values of each covariate were entered for the calculation of survival estimation. In the third part, the survival curve was displayed according to the input data. RESULTS: The data of 2,652 breast cancer patients were analyzed. Cox regression analysis was conducted using the covariates of age, tumor size, N stage, and M stage. The individual patient's survival curve was presented using the basic data and covariate factors. In the breast cancer patients, the program presented survival curves according to each patient's age, tumor size, N stage, and M stage. The data of 251 thyroid cancer patients were analyzed by a similar method. CONCLUSIONS: We developed a program to present individual survival curves of cancer patients. This program will be useful for clinicians to assist their decision-making and discussion with patients.
Breast Neoplasms ; Humans ; Prognosis ; Survival Rate ; Thyroid Neoplasms

OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to develop a program for predicting individual cancer risk and to validate its discrimination power between case and control groups. METHODS: The author used the five databases for searching journals about risk factors of six major cancers in Koreans: stomach, liver, colorectal, breast, uterine cervix and lung cancer. The risk models were selected from journals presenting a multivariate linear logistic regression analysis. The baseline hazards which had no risk factors were calculated, and a cancer risk assessment program was developed using relative risks based on risk factors' combination and baseline hazards. Case-control study was performed for five years to validate the program. RESULTS: The discrimination power between case and control was 0.827 in stomach cancer, 0.949 in liver cancer, 0.594 in colorectal cancer, 0.587 in breast cancer, 0.708 in uterine cervix cancer and 0.663 in lung cancer. The estimated cancer probabilities were higher in all case groups compared to the control groups. CONCLUSION: The developed program is considered to be a valid tool for estimating probabilities of cancer development in Koreans. It is expected to be useful for the assessment of individual cancer risks, the selection of screening tools and preventive options for risk reduction.
Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Case-Control Studies ; Cervix Uteri ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Female ; Liver ; Liver Neoplasms ; Logistic Models ; Lung Neoplasms ; Mass Screening ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors ; Risk Reduction Behavior ; Stomach ; Stomach Neoplasms