No abstract available.
Barium* ; Colon* ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Bronchitis* ; Gastroesophageal Reflux*

No abstract available.

Purpose: We analyzed the characteristics of patients with refractive accommodative esotropia (RAET) who required glasses for stable alignment after a myopic shift. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients diagnosed with RAET at the initial visit, and who had developed a myopic shift in both eyes over the 5-year follow-up period. To evaluate clinical factors associated with the persistence of esotropia after myopia, the enrolled patients were divided into two groups; patients with RAET who needed glasses for stable alignment after a myopic shift (unstable group) and patients with RAET whose esotropia resolved after a myopic shift (stable group). Results: A total of 55 patients met the inclusion criteria. The mean follow-up period was 13.8 ± 5.7 years (5-27 years). Spherical equivalent (SE) refractive errors at the initial visit were +3.1 ± 1.6 diopters (D) (+1.00 to +7.25 D) and -1.5 ± 0.9 D (-4.38 to -0.5 D) at the last visit. Of the 55 RAET patients, 24 were included in the unstable group and 31 were included in the stable group. No significant differences in gender, age at diagnosis, SE refractive error, or angle of esotropia with glasses were observed between the two groups. However, significantly more patients failed the Lang I test or had anisometropia over 1.5 D at the last visit, and the duration between the onset of esotropia and prescribing glasses was significantly longer in the unstable group than in the stable group. Conclusions Glasses may be needed for stable alignment even after a myopic shift in RAET patients with long durations of misalignment, poor stereopsis, and anisometropia.

No abstract available.
Sinusitis*

Symphyseal injury is increasing in number together with today's speed of development of car industry in Korea. However, this injury is not common in practice. Some authors reported that symphyseal injury is only 4 to 6% of all pelvic fractures. Symphysis pubis has characteristicsl anatomy to maintain mechanical integrity of the pe1vis with circumferential ligament. The pelvis is a ring structure with strong ligaments. This support include the symphysis pubis, the anterior and posterior sacroiliac ligaments, and the strong sacrotuberous ligaments. According to Peltier(1964), when symphysis is separated more than 1.0cm, pubic instability will be developed. However, Wild(1982) reported that pelvic instability develops when separation of the symphysis exceeds more than 2.5cm. Tile(1984) reported that anterior pubic rami acts as a strut to prevent anterior collapse of the pelvic ring during weight bearing. However, in the presence of intact posterior structures, it gives little effect on pelvic stability. In addition to trauma, pelvic instability develops congenitally or by pregnancy. During pregnancy, pregnancy-related hormones relsx the ligameritous stuctures of the pelvic girdle. In most instances, the major pelvic ring returns to normal when the effect of the relaxin hormones disappear. However, in rare instances, a major symphysis disruption may continuously persist. To evaluste the trauma-induced separation of the symphysis pubis, we analyzed the 19 cases with 15 months follow-up on an average, who were treated at the Orthopaedic Department, Kang-Nam St. Marys Hospital, from June 1981 to June 1986. The results were as follows 1. Among 19 cases, 9 cases(47.4%) were male, 10 cases(52.6%) were female. And average age of the patients was 30.2 years. 2. The main cause of the fracture was traffic accident in 18 out of 19 cases. 3. In cases of symphyseal separation more than 3.4cm, fracture-separation of both sacroiliac joint was certainly occured. However, in cases with separation more than 2.2cm, unilalateral fracture-dislocation of sacroiliac joint occurred. 4. Open reduction and interal fixatiopn including external fixation was performed in 9 og cases. As an indication of surgery, separation of the symphysis, which exceeds more than 2.2cm and which associated (1) with sacroiliac fracture-dislocation, (2) failed conservative treatment, and (3) when simultaneously emergency urological operation is indicated.
Accidents, Traffic ; Emergencies ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Korea ; Ligaments ; Male ; Pelvis ; Pregnancy ; Pubic Bone ; Relaxin ; Sacroiliac Joint ; Weight-Bearing

Purpose: We analyzed the characteristics of patients with refractive accommodative esotropia (RAET) who required glasses for stable alignment after a myopic shift. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients diagnosed with RAET at the initial visit, and who had developed a myopic shift in both eyes over the 5-year follow-up period. To evaluate clinical factors associated with the persistence of esotropia after myopia, the enrolled patients were divided into two groups; patients with RAET who needed glasses for stable alignment after a myopic shift (unstable group) and patients with RAET whose esotropia resolved after a myopic shift (stable group). Results: A total of 55 patients met the inclusion criteria. The mean follow-up period was 13.8 ± 5.7 years (5-27 years). Spherical equivalent (SE) refractive errors at the initial visit were +3.1 ± 1.6 diopters (D) (+1.00 to +7.25 D) and -1.5 ± 0.9 D (-4.38 to -0.5 D) at the last visit. Of the 55 RAET patients, 24 were included in the unstable group and 31 were included in the stable group. No significant differences in gender, age at diagnosis, SE refractive error, or angle of esotropia with glasses were observed between the two groups. However, significantly more patients failed the Lang I test or had anisometropia over 1.5 D at the last visit, and the duration between the onset of esotropia and prescribing glasses was significantly longer in the unstable group than in the stable group. Conclusions Glasses may be needed for stable alignment even after a myopic shift in RAET patients with long durations of misalignment, poor stereopsis, and anisometropia.

Paraphilia is a psychiatric disease that has been difficult to cure. However, recently developed therapeutic methods hold promise. The patient was a 20-yr-old male with chief complaints of continuous masturbation, genital exposure, and aggressive behavior that started 2 yr ago. We administered leuprorelin 3.6 mg intramuscular injection per month, a depot gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogue, to this patient who a severe mentally retardation with paraphilia. The clinical global impression (CGI)-severity, CGI-improvement and aberrant behavior checklist were performed. After one month, we observed significant improvement in symptoms, such as decreases of abnormal sexual behavior and sexual desire. The GnRH analogues are suggested to be used as an alternative or supplementary therapeutic method for sexual offenders after clinical studies.
Humans ; Leuprolide/pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; Male ; Mental Disorders/complications/diagnosis/*drug therapy ; Paraphilias/complications/diagnosis/*drug therapy ; Sex Offenses/prevention & control ; Sexual Behavior/drug effects ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: To assess the clinical difference between cubital tunnel syndrome with anconeus epitrochlearis (AE) and idiopathic cubital tunnel syndrome without known other causes. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included the 326 patients who were subjected to surgery because of cubital tunnel syndrome from 2008 to 2014. After exclusion of patients with other known causes of cubital tunnel syndrome, a total of 107 patients were divided into two groups; patients with and without AE. The clinical differences between two groups were analyzed retrospectively; age, sex, presence of intrinsic muscle atrophy, interval from symptom development to surgery, pinch power, the disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand score and the nerve conduction velocity (NCV). RESULTS: Thirty four (10.4%) patients, being subjected to surgery had the AE. Among 107 patients who had no other known causes, 26 patients had AE. 19 out of 26 patients with AE was male. Average age of patients with AE was significantly younger. The interval from symptom development to surgery in AE patients was significantly shorter. Motor NCV of ulnar nerve at above elbow joint in comparison with that at below elbow joint in AE patient was more significantly decreased (14.3 m/sec vs. 8.3 m/sec). CONCLUSION: The AE in cubital tunnel syndrome is no more rare structure. In younger male patients with rapidly progressive worsening cubital tunnel symptoms, and if there is significant decrease of ulnar motor nerve velocity at above elbow in comparison with at below elbow, the AE should be considered as cause of ulnar neuropathy.
Arm ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Cubital Tunnel Syndrome* ; Elbow ; Elbow Joint ; Hand ; Humans ; Male ; Muscular Atrophy ; Neural Conduction ; Retrospective Studies ; Shoulder ; Ulnar Nerve ; Ulnar Neuropathies