PURPOSE: This is to evaluate the clinical results and radiologic changes of the mandibular condyle fractures following the open reduction and fixation using the Lag-screws introduced by Eckelt and Martin Co. MATERIALS & METHODS: Ten patients who had been treated by the Lag-screw fixation for the unilateral fracture of the mandibular condyle at the high level and followed up for over 6 months(ranged from 24 weeks to 33 weeks). The incisal opening by time elapsed, displacement of the fragments, bone resorption around the Lag-screws, operating time consumed, and untoward complications were evaluated. The data were tested by repeated measure ANOVA and paired t-test. RESULTS: The maximum mouth opening was increased by time as follows ; 20.2+/-2.8mm soon after reduction. 26.3+/-3.9 at the 2nd week, 37.7+/-4.2mm at the 4th week, 44.4+/-4.3mm in PO 2 months(P<0.05). The bone resorption at anterior to lag-screw nut was measured to 1.9+/-1.0mm, while the posterior resorption was 2.6+/-1.9mm on average(P<0.05). Reduction and fixation of the fragments by Lag-screw were done within 80 minutes including the skin closure. The clicking sound of the TMJ(40%), weakness of the marginal branch(60%) were complicated but transient for 4-8weeks. There were no signs of bony displacement, but loosening of screws were observed at the time of removal. CONCLUSION: Open reduction and fixation with condylar Lag-screw(Martin co., Germany) thru the ramus can be a good option to reduce the high level(Kruger's Level III & IV) fracture of the mandibular condyle with anterior or medial displacement. However, this procedure requires 2nd surgery to remove the devices and it may complicate improper reduction for delayed fractures and in case of 's' curved mandibular ramus.
Bone Resorption ; Humans ; Mandibular Condyle* ; Mouth ; Nuts ; Prognosis* ; Skin

Diaphyseal fractures of the long bone associated with massive soft tissue injury or severe comminution is difficult to treat. Fracture healing is often delayed due to the damaged soft tissue, deep seated wound infection, fracture instability and poor local circulation. The delayed fracture healing necessitates prolonged immobilization of the limb which results in joint stiffness. Various type of fracture treatment was suggested for this type of fractures to ease the treatment. The Wagner's apparatus was one of the device to treat it, which was originally introduced as a device for controlled leg lengthening. Its use also has been expanded to serve as a rigid unilateral external fixation frame for fracture. In order to obtain satisfactory fracture union without adjacent joint contracture, the Wagner's apparatus has been employed by us in three cases who were hospitalized in Kangnam St. May's Hospital. The experience of this technique was very encouraging; therefore we recommend its wide application in fracture treatment in cases of the patient who can not receive the bilateral external fixation frame.
Contracture ; Extremities ; Fracture Healing ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Joints ; Leg ; Lower Extremity ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; Wound Infection

No abstract available.
Progeria*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Neoplasms*

Three cases who were successfully treated for cardiac injuries by open thoracotomy were reported. The range of the ages of the patients was 3rd decade. Two of the 3 were males with blunt injuries by motor vehicle accident and one was male with stab wound by knife. In the case of blunt injuries, the right atrium was involved in one case and the right and left atrium were involved in the other. The site of stab wound was the right atrium. There were two cases with the pre-operative diagnosis of cardiac injuries and they were blunt injuries. The case of stab wound was not diagnosed pre-operatively. All cases were treated with open thoracotomy-one posterolateral thoracotomy, one median sternotomy and one Clam shell incision. All of them had an uneventfull post-operative course.
Bivalvia ; Diagnosis ; Heart Atria ; Humans ; Male ; Motor Vehicles ; Sternotomy ; Thoracotomy ; Wounds, Nonpenetrating ; Wounds, Stab

Authors reviewed the records of sixteen patients with traumatic diaphragmatic injuries from May 1992 through December 1996. Thirteen patients were male and three were female(M:F=4.3:1). The age distribution ranged from 2 to 46 years with the mean age of 30.2 years. The sixteen patients included thirteen who had blunt trauma and three with penetrating trauma. Of those thirteen blunt trauma, twelve patients(92.3%) were left sided and one(7.7%) involved the right diaphragm. Three patients with penetrating trauma had left sided diaphragmatic injuries. The diagnosis was made preoperatively in thirteen patients(81.3%) and during surgery in three patients(18.8%). Thoracotomy was performed in eleven patients and thoracoabdominal incision in five. There was one death and the mortality rate was 6.3%.
Age Distribution ; Diagnosis ; Diaphragm ; Humans ; Male ; Mortality ; Thoracotomy

Primary irritant dermatitis is one of the most common skin disease caused by various hazardous chemicals produced from the environment. For the detection of skin irritant potency, in vivo models such as human and animal patch test have been used, Keratinocyte culture method which has been set up very recently is another alternative in vivo method of detecting skin irritarlcy. LVe have investigated the effects of three skin irritants, phenol, benzoyl peroxide (BP), and sodium lauryl sulfate(SLS) on the keratinocyte culture system. Prostaglandin E(PGE) measurement, cell count and electron microscopic observation were performed after adding three irritants of different concentrations to the cultured keranocyte cells. The main results of this study were as follows : 1. There were statistically significant decreased cell number in concentration of 10 M phenol, 10 4M BP and SLS. The order of cytotoxic potency was SLS>BP >phenol. 2. In case of PGE production, decreased PGE production was observed 6 hours after addition of the irritants, except 10 M phenol and 10M BP groups. Decrea sing tendency sustained until 24 hours, however all were statistically nonsignificant comparing with control group. 3. Electron microscopic finding showed that dilatation of endoplasmic reticulums in 10 M phenol group, condensation and dilatation of mitochondrias in 10 4M BP group, and most of the cells were swollen in 10 4M SLS group. These results suggest that cell count is a useful model for performing cytotoxi city test in keratinocyte culture decreased PGE production represents cytotoxic effect in high concentration of primary irritants and ultrastructural changes may reflect the different pathomechanisms in cytotoxicity.
Animals ; Benzoyl Peroxide ; Cell Count ; Dermatitis, Irritant ; Dilatation ; Dinoprostone ; Endoplasmic Reticulum ; Hazardous Substances ; Humans* ; Irritants* ; Keratinocytes* ; Mitochondria ; Patch Tests ; Phenol ; Prostaglandins E ; Skin ; Skin Diseases ; Sodium

A 69-year-old-male patient was admitted because of left upper quadrant (LUQ) abdominal pain He had hard palpable mass (abaut 15x l0cm) in LUQ abdomen and mild elevated serum alkaline phosphatase (349 IU/L) and amylase (216 U/L) levels at the admission time. Abdominal CT scan revealed huge, well-marginated cystic mass in enlarged spleen with increased densities in dependent portion of cystic mass, about 8x13cm in size. Another small well-capsulated. cystic mass in anterior aspect of spleen was also seen. After ERCP, urgent surgical intervention was done. Final diagnosis was chronic pancreatitis with large intrasplenic (l2x9.5 cm) and retroperitoneal pseudocysts. So we are reporting above case with pertinent review of literatures.
Abdomen ; Abdominal Pain ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; Amylases ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Pancreatitis, Chronic* ; Spleen ; Splenomegaly ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

No abstract available.
Incontinentia Pigmenti*

No abstract available.
Genomic Library* ; Helicobacter pylori* ; Helicobacter*