No abstract available.
Glomerulonephritis* ; Humans ; T-Lymphocytes*

No abstract available.
Gangwon-do* ; Hepacivirus* ; Hepatitis C* ; Hepatitis* ; Liver Diseases* ; Liver* ; Prevalence*

No abstract available.
Fetal Macrosomia*

Fournier described five patients with gangrene of male external genitalia in 1883 and emphasized three characteristics: (1) abrupt onset in young healthy male, (2) rapid progression to gangrene,(3) absence of discernible cause. But more recent reports described genital gangrene as occurring in any age group and 4 patients in our cases, the mean age was 46 years with an age range of 31 to 59 years. Predisposing causes were as follows: case 1. prostatic calculi, Buerger's disease, case 2, perianal abscess, case 3, diabetes mellitus, case 4, tuberculous spondylitis accompanied by paraplegia and bed sores, liver cirrhosis. The duration of symptoms prior to the development of gangrene varied between 4 to 10 days. The cultured organisms were as follows : case 1. Alpha-hemolytic streptococcus, case 2. E. coli, Alpha-hemolytic streptococcus case 3. Alpha-hemolytic streptococcus, case 4, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, proteus species. Reconstructive surgery of defected scrotum was performed postoperative 8 to 41 days (mean 28.7) and total admission period was 25 to 83 days (mean 46 days).
Abscess ; Calculi ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Fournier Gangrene* ; Gangrene ; Genitalia ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Male ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Paraplegia ; Pressure Ulcer ; Proteus ; Scrotum ; Spondylitis ; Streptococcus ; Thromboangiitis Obliterans

Cytomegalovirus(CMV) infection occurs more frequently in renal transplant recipients than in the normal population. But the incidence and severity of CMV infection and antibody positivity are different between countries. We studied the incidence of CMV infection with a long term follow up in renal transplant recipients who were IgG CMV positive and whose donors were also IgG CMV positive preoperatively. We studied the difference and usefulness of various detection methods including IgM CMV antibody by ELISA, shell vial culture, and quantitative dual polymerase chain reaction(PCR). We also studied possible factors that may affect CMV infection and the function of the grafted kidney in CMV infected patients. This study included 36 patients, 20 males and 16 females, who received renal transplantation at Hanyang University Hospital between July, 1994 and March, 1995. IgG and IgM CMV antibodies were detected and shell vial cultures were performed in recipient candidates and donor candidates preoperatively. Postoperatively, we checked IgM CMV and performed shell vial cultures in renal transplant recipients every month after the operation and when CMV infections were suspected. We also performed dual PCR with endpoint titration to quantify the amount of CMV DNA. The total incidence of CMV infection was 30.6% (11 patients among 36 patients). Three patients had CMV disease, and only one patient was severe enough to need gancyclovir therapy. The average onset of infection was 12.9 weeks after the operation(earliest 5weeks-latest 33weeks). In all patients with CMV disease, CMV positivity appeared by all three detection methods. But detection time and duration of positivity were different. The amount of CMV DNA in patients with active CMV disease was higher than those of asymptomatic patients and one patient following antiviral therapy. Age, sex, donor type, HLA matching and rejection did not affect CMV infection. Incidence of CMV infection was higher in patients who were transfused within 3 weeks before the operation(6/8 vs 5/28, p=0.048). Changes of creatinine level from initial outpatient department(OPD) visit to last OPD visit which were corrected by OPD follow up time showed no significant difference between CMV infected and non-infected patients In conclusion, the incidence of CMV infection and disease was relatively low, and the degree of disease severity was mild. In our renal transplant recipients, CMV infection may not be a serious problem. Quantitative dual PCR using end-point titration is a good method to detect CMV infections and monitor the clinical course. Because it is easy to use, detect disease earlier and can quantify the amount of CMV DNA. Among various factors, transfusion affected CMV infection significantly in our patients. In an average of 231 days of OPD follow up time, CMV infected patients showed no impairment of grafted kidney function, but a more long term follow up is needed.
Antibodies ; Creatinine ; Cytomegalovirus Infections* ; Cytomegalovirus* ; DNA ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Ganciclovir ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G* ; Immunoglobulin M ; Incidence ; Kidney ; Kidney Transplantation ; Male ; Outpatients ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Tissue Donors ; Transplantation* ; Transplants

Differential diagnosis of cavitary lung lesions is frequently problematic. We studied 35 patients with cavitary lung lesions, consisting of lung cancer (17 patients). Pulmonary tuberculosis(11 patients), and lung abscess (7 patients). We analysed CT scans in terms of irregularities of the cavity wall, maximum wall thickness, the presence of air-fluid level, location of the cavity within the mass, number of cavities within the mass, size of the cavity and the presence of calcification within the mass. Cancer cavity showed irregular inner (100%) and outer margins(100%), and thick wall (mean, 1.94cm), eccentrical location(94%) and multiplicity within a mass(38%). Tuberculous cavity showed smooth inner (56%) and irregular outer margins(75%), thin wall (mean 0.96cm), central location (62%), and multiplicity in one patient (36%). Abscess cavity showed irregular inner (57%) and outer margins(91%), relatively thin wall (mean 1.0cm), central location (57%), and air-fluid level (86%). CT scan could differentiate malignant lesions from benign condition such as tuberculosis and lung abscess by observing characteristics of the cavities.
Abscess* ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Lung Abscess ; Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Tuberculosis*

No abstract available.
Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive*

PURPOSE: To investigate the replication of HSV within cultured cell and axonal transport of HSV within the axon of the ciliary nerve following the injection of HSV into a cultured ciliary nerve. METHODS: The explant of the ciliary nerve was cultured with a medium containing nerve growth factor for 30 days when the suspension of HSV-1 (Kos strain) was introduced into the culture dish to co-culture with the ciliary nerve. The ciliary nerve was examined with transmission electron microscopy 30 days after culture and 6 days after co-culture with HSV. RESULTS: The ultrastructure of the explant of the ciliary nerve co-cultured with HSV showed that the viral capsid acquired a viral envelope and viral core, and a capsid and inclusion body within the nucleus. The enveloped virus was scattered within the vesicles of the cytoplasm. The virus-like particles were identified at the axonal fibers. CONCLUSIONS: The co-culture of the explant of the ciliary nerve and HSV showed the replicative process of the HSV within the cultured cell. The virus-like particles within the axon showed the evidence axonal transport of the virus under culture conditions.
Axonal Transport* ; Axons ; Capsid ; Cells, Cultured ; Coculture Techniques ; Cytoplasm ; Herpes Simplex* ; Herpesvirus 1, Human ; Inclusion Bodies ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Nerve Growth Factor ; Simplexvirus*

No abstract available.
Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic*

PURPOSE: We investigated whether myocardial SPECT had additional usefulness to clinical, functional or surgical indices for the preoperative evaluation of cardiac risks in noncardiac surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 118 patients (M: F=66:52, 62.7+/-10.5 years) were studied retrospectively. Eighteen underwent vascular surgeries and 100 nonvascular surgeries. Rest T1-201/stress Tc-99m-MIBI SPECT was performed before operation and cardiac events (hard event: cardiac death and myocardial infarction; soft event: ischemic ECG change, congestive heart failure and unstable angina) were surveyed through perioperative periods (14.6+/-5.6 days). Clinical risk indices, functional capacity, surgery procedures and SPECT findings were tested for their predictive values of perioperative cardiac events. RESULTS: Peri-operative cardiac events occurred in 25 patients (3 hard events and 22 soft events). Clinical risk indices, surgical procedure risks and SPECT findings but functional capacity were predictive of cardiac events. Reversible perfusion decrease was a better predictor than persistent decrease. Multivariate analysis sorted` out surgical procedure risk (p=0.0018) and SPECT findings (p=0.0001) as significant risk factors. SPECT could re-stratify perioperative cardiac risks in patients ranked with surgical procedures. CONCLUSION:: We conclude that myocardial SPECT provides additional predictive value to surgical type risks as well as clinical indexes or functional capacity for the prediction of preoperative cardiac events in noncardiac surgery.
Death ; Electrocardiography ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Multivariate Analysis ; Myocardial Infarction ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Perfusion ; Perioperative Period ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*