Dislocation of the elbow joint is so frequent an injury, and its treatment so standardized, that most of the recent orthopaedic study devoted to the subject has focused on neurovascular complication or recurrent dislocation. Some authors reported minimal period of disability and better range of extension after three to five days short-term immobilization in simple acute dislocation. We, authors, had analyzed clinically 17 cases of acute dislocation of elbow joint who were treated at orthopaedic department of Catholic Medical College from Jan., 1978 to Dec., 1981. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The most prevalent age were second and third decades (76.5%). Males predominated by a ratio of 13:4. 2. The major mode of injury was slip down accident (58.8%). All cases were acute simple dislocation without open wound. 3. Posterolateral, dislocations were 13 cases (76.5%) and posterior dislocations were 3 cases (17.6%). These two type of dislocation were 94.1% of all cases. No anterior dislocation was noted. 4. Four fractures of radial head and one fracture of lateral epicondyle of humerus were seen. Associated fractures were noted in 29.4% of all cases. 5. Severe complication was none except one recurrent habituai dislocation and limitation of elbow extension, averaging 10.5 degrees, 6. In 9 cases which were immobilized for 3 to 5 days had an average loss of extension of 6 degrees and an average of 7 weeks of disability. In 7 cases which were immobilized for 3 weeks had an average loss of extension of 18 degrees and an average of 18.3 weeks of disability. Therefore, immediate reduction and 3 to 5 dhys of immobililization is excellent treatment for uncomplicated dislocations.
Clinical Study ; Dislocations ; Elbow Joint ; Elbow ; Head ; Humans ; Humerus ; Immobilization ; Male ; Wounds and Injuries

The result of clinical survey of seventy-five children with supracondylar fractures of the humerus is presented. Sixty-eight fractures had gross displacement, and seven were undisplaced ones. Seven children with undisplaced fractures were treated with simple splinting. Twenty-one fractures with gross displacement were closedly reduced and immobilized by cast. Twenty cases treated with over-head skin traction or skeletal traction, and followed by cast immobilization, and twenty-seven were operatively reduced and were fixed with 2 K-wires. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The average age of children was 6.8 years, and the male and female ratio was 2.1:l. 2. 97.1% (66 cases) was the extension type and 2.9% (2 cases) was the flexion type. 3. Good end results were obtained in the well-reduced groups, such as undisplaced fractures and surgically reduced fractures. Of 27 operated cases, 19 who had early operation without manipulative trial or traction, had excellent results, while 8 who had surgery in delay developed limitation of flexion and/or extension motion of the elbow. Of these 19, two cases developed mild extension limitation as sequella. 4. As complications, incomplete ulnar nerve palsy developed in one case, but it spontaneously recovered in 3 weeks after open reduction. During treatment utilizing the olecranon pin traction, pin tract infection developed in 2 cases, but the infection was controlled by the antibiotic administration and wound dressing. Severe cubitus varus deformity developed in 4 cases among the conservatively treated group (manipulatively reduced group and skeletal traction group). These 4 children had corrective osteotomy. Mild deformity was the inevitable one when it is treated conservatively. Limitation of elbow motion developed in 23 cases (32%) as a sequella. 5. Fracture healed mostly in three weeks after reduction and immobilization. Average hospital stay for conservatively treated patients was 17.2 days, whereas that for surgically treated patients was 5.8 days in average. 6. Early anatomical reduction by any means whether it is surgical or nonsurgical, proved to be only the methods which bring the satisfactory results, and minimize the sequellae.
Bandages ; Child ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Elbow ; Female ; Humans ; Humerus ; Immobilization ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Olecranon Process ; Osteotomy ; Skin ; Splints ; Traction ; Ulnar Neuropathies ; Wounds and Injuries

Most cases of spondylolisthesis are asymptomatic and successfully managed with conservative treatment. Operation was performed in 20% of symptomatic cases having severe back pain, neurological symptoms and or progressive slipping. Although surgical treatments are divided into decompression and fusion, various methods were tried frorn simple Gill's resection to posterior and/or anterior fusion with instrumentation in case of severe slipping. The authors reviewed 49 cases of symptomatic spondylolisthesis, who were surgically treated, and well followed up at Kang-Nam St. Mary's Hospital during past 6 years from January, 1981, to June, 1987. l. Among 49 cases, 23 were isthmic type and 26 were degenerative in nature, and 40 were females. 24 patients(92.3%) of degenerative type were female over 4th decade. Mean age was 47.9 years. 2. The most common site of involvement was L4–5 intervertebral space(25 cases,; 51.0%). 17 cases(73.9%) of isthmic thpe were involved in L5-Sl intervertebral space, and 21 cases (80.8%) of degenerative type were involved L4–L5 intervertebral space. 3. The symptoms were low back pain, intermittent claudication and sciatica in order of incidence. 4. The average slipping measured by Taillard method was 19.5%, and Meyerding's grade I slipping(69.3%) was the highest in the percentile incidence. The average degree of slipping in isthmic type(23.6%) was greater than that of degenerative type(16.4%). 5. Myelogram mainly showed complete or near complete block in degenerative type and ventral indentation in isthmic type. C–T myelogram showed mainly central stenosis in degenerative type, and nerve root compression in isthmic type. 6. In 9 cases,anterior fusions were done ; 5 degenerative and 4 isthmic. In 37 cases, decompression and posteriolateral fusions were done with or without instrumentation ; instrumented in 11 cases. 7. Clinically, the results were judged as excellent in 16 cases(32.7%), good in 26 cases(53.1 %), fair in 6 cases(12.2%), poor in 1 case(2.1%). Thus, 42 cases(85.8%) were considered satisfactory. The satisfactory results were obtained in 77.8% of anterior interbody fusion cases, 88 5% of posterolateral fusion cases, 90.7% of decompression and posterolateral fusion with instrumentation cases. There was no appreciable difference in clinical results between isthmic and degenerative types. 8. There were no changes in slipping in 35 cases(71.5%), Partial reduction were possible in 13 cases(28.5%), and further splipping developed in a patient who had decompression surgery alone. Among 46 cases of vertebral fusion, complete fusion was obtained in 43 cases(93.5%) within one year. 9. Solid anterior spondylodesis was obtained in all the cases of degenerative type, while in 2 cases(50%) of the isthmic type, graft crumbled with redisplacement and delayed fusion. Through the results, it is concluded that posterior instrumentation may not be essential for the successful spondylodesis in cases of posterolateral fusion, since there was no statistical significance in the results between the instrumented and non-instrumented, and isthmic type and degenerative type, and that anterior interbody fusion is best indicated for the treatrment of the degenerative type and not for the isthmic type. Therefore, if anterior interbody fusion is chosen for the successful treatment of isthmic type, a certain type of internal fixator should be combined.
Back Pain ; Clinical Study ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Decompression ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intermittent Claudication ; Internal Fixators ; Low Back Pain ; Methods ; Radiculopathy ; Sciatica ; Spinal Fusion ; Spondylolisthesis ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Abortion, Spontaneous* ; Cytogenetics* ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy

No abstract available.
Anti-Bacterial Agents* ; Prevalence* ; Shigella*

No abstract available.
Intuition* ; Nursing* ; Philosophy*

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of seminal vesicle fluid (SVF) on the acrosome reaction (AR) occurred spontaneously or induced by Ca2+ ionophore A23187, follicular fluid, and progesterone in mouse epididymal sperm. SVF was divided into high (MW>10 kM)) and low (MW<10 kD) fractions by ultrafiltration. The low MW fraction of SVF decreased the rate of spontaneous AR, however the high MW fraction did not. It suggested that the low MW fraction of SVF might have contained decapacitation factor(s) responsible for prolonging of time need for capacitation. When sperm preincubated for 60 min in the presence of SVF, the rate of AR induced by A23187 was decreased, but prolongation of preincubation time for 120 min significantly potentiated the AR by A23187. It suggested that addition of SVF into sperm preincubation medium imposed the epididymal sperm a condition similar to ejaculation. AR induced by human follicular fluid or progesterone was also inhibited by SVF. It suggested that substance in SVF might have affected AR of mouse sperm by inhibiting the interaction between AR inducing ligands and sperm surface receptors involved in acrosomal exocytosis.
Acrosome Reaction* ; Acrosome* ; Animals ; Calcimycin ; Ejaculation ; Exocytosis ; Female ; Follicular Fluid ; Humans ; Ligands ; Male ; Mice* ; Progesterone ; Seminal Vesicles* ; Spermatozoa* ; Ultrafiltration

No abstract available.
Animals ; Cats* ; Laminectomy* ; Spine*

No abstract available.
Femur* ; Hip Fractures* ; Osteoporosis*

No abstract available.