The femoral neck fracture having concomitant fracture of the femoral shaft occurs predaminantly in young man and have known to associate the serious complications. One of such factures is sometimes overlooked and is possibly due to a more obvious nature of the shaft fracture than that of the ipsilateral neck. Six cases of this type of combined fractures in ipsilateral femur are reported with the review of 1 iteratures. In six cases of the femoral neck fractures, three which were unrecognized at initial examiaation in early phase, resulting in serious residue as much as deformity and avascular necrosis of the femoral head, and other three were recognized in early at initial examination healed in good anatomic position and in due time. Through this observation it is stressed that early discovery and adaquate treatment of the fracture is the only solution to minimize the sequelae.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Femoral Neck Fractures ; Femur ; Femur Neck ; Head ; Neck ; Necrosis

Aneurysmal bone cyst is a rare, non-neoplastic condition, which was first coined by Jaffe and Lichtenstein in 1942. Clavicle is an unusual site for aneurysmal bone cyst. Authors present a case of aneurysmal bone cyst which was found in the right clavicle of a 5 years old boy, because of its rarity of site of predilection.
Aneurysm ; Bone Cysts ; Clavicle ; Humans ; Male ; Numismatics

No abstract available.
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone*

Lichen striatus is an uncommon nonspecific inflammatory cutaneous disease of unknown etiology occuring as unilateral and linear distribution on extremities and healing spontaneously within a few months to a year. Clinically it is composed of small licbenoid papules which tend to be grouped and coalesced to form either a continuous or an interrupted hypopigmented band and is not usually accompanied by any subjective symptoms. The principal histologic features are an infiltrate composed of lymphocytes and histiocytes around papillary vessels and usually also around, some of the deeper vessels and skin appendages and consequent secondary changes of the epidermis. We present the results of clinical and histopathologic observation in 19 patients with lichen striatus observed at Department of Dermatology, National Medical Center and Seoul National University Hospital during 4 years period from l972 to 1976 which would be the first recorded report on this rare disease in Korea. 1. Clinieal Observation.' Among the 19 patients, 10 were female and 9 were male; 15 were under 10 years of age and 4 were over 10 years of age. Duration of the eruption varied from 1 week to 4 years and average duration was 9.6 months at the time of the first visit. It was unilateral in all cases and affected the upper extremities in 9 and the lower extremities in 8 instances. The eruption extended onto the upper part of the trunk in 2 cases. Only 3 patients had a history of mild intermittent itching sensation. Characteristically, the eruption consisted of grouped, linear, slightly scaling flat polygonal papules with varying degrees of hypopigmentation, extending at least onethird of the length of an extremity. . Histopathologic observation: Skin biopsy was performed in 13 cases. The epiderrnal changes consist of mild diffuse hyperkeratosis (13 cases), focal parakeratosis (5 cases), varying degree of atrophy of malpighian layer (7 cases), mild acanthosis (2 cases), intercellular and intracellular edema (8 cases), exocytosih of lymphocytes (7 cases), focal basal cell disruption (11 cases), and dyskeratotic cells (colloid body) (2 cases). Dermal changes include mild to moderate perivaacular lymphocytic and histiocytic infiltrate rnostly on the level of papillary dermis. Also, there was chronic infIammatory cell infiltrate around hair follicle and sweat glands and ducts in 7 cases respectively, which seems to be peculiar in this disease. Overall histologic findings in our cases are generally consistent with those of the primary phase of the so-called lichenoid tissue reaction of Pinkus, The possible pathogenetic mechanism of the linear eruption and immunobiologic interpretation of the lichenoid tissue reaction were literally reviewed.
Atrophy ; Biopsy ; Dermatology ; Dermis ; Edema ; Epidermis ; Extremities ; Female ; Hair Follicle ; Histiocytes ; Humans ; Hypopigmentation ; Korea ; Lichens* ; Lower Extremity ; Lymphocytes ; Male ; Parakeratosis ; Pruritus ; Rare Diseases ; Sensation ; Seoul ; Skin ; Sweat Glands ; Upper Extremity

Gorham's syndrome is a rare disorder involing a proliferation of vascular channels associated with extensive loss of bony matrix. It starts in bone, but it may secondarily involve soft tissue and adjacent bones. Although the osteolysis usuakky arrests spontaneously, its biologic behavior is difficult to predict. The mechanism of steolysis is unkown, and the role of osteoclasts is controverwial We have experienced one case of Gorham's syndrome affecting the scapula and clavicle, which is reported in this paper with brief review of literature.
Clavicle ; Osteoclasts ; Osteolysis ; Scapula

The aims of treatment of children with CDH untreated until walking age should be to reestablish the mechanics of the hip joint and avoid complications, especially avascular necosis, thus delaying the devlopment of osteoarthritis. In the child who is first seen between the ages of one and three years, considerable controversy still exists as to the merit of closed versus operative management. The average 29.3 months follow-up results in fifty congenitally dislocated hips in forty-five children with were between six and thirty-six months old when treatment was begun have been reviewed at the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, In Je University, College of Medicine, Paik Hospital from June, 1979 to Aug, 1989. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Factors affecting method of treatment were age, degree of dislocation and acetabular index; A. Age 1) The children below ages of 18 months were treatment by closed reduction. 2) The children below ages of 18 months were treatment by open reduction with concomittant procedures. B. Degree of dislocation: Open reduction was more frequently reguired in higher degree of dislocation. C. Acetabular index: It was little influenced on method of treatment. 2. The complications were persisten subuxation (3 cases), temporary irregular ossification (16 cases) and avascular necrosis (1 cases).
Acetabulum ; Child ; Dislocations ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip ; Hip Joint ; Humans ; Mechanics ; Methods ; Necrosis ; Osteoarthritis ; Walking

This study aimed to assess the sustainability of antibacterial agents mixed with experimental fluoride varnish (EFV) against S. mutans. Five antibacterial agents [Xanthorrhizol (XAN), Bakuchiol (BAK), Bavachalcone (BCC), Isobavachromene (IBC), and Bavachromene (BCM)] were used and incorporated into the EFV to make the final concentration of 10 mM. Then, 5 μL of antibacterial agents mixed with EFV were applied on polyethylene terephthalate film disc (5 mm diameter). The positive and vehicle control were ampicillin and DMSO mixed with EFV, respectively. Each group was stored in distilled water in a 37℃ shaking water bath at 80 rpm for 0 hour, 4 hours, 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 5 days, 10 days, 20 days and 30 days. The sustainability of the antibacterial activities was evaluated with the inhibition zone by the agar diffusion test. The antibacterial activities of all antibacterial agents were sustained for 30 days. Among them, BCC showed relatively higher antibacterial activities up to 30 days compared to other groups. This study suggests that antibacterial agents including BCC can be used with fluoride varnish to have sustained antibacterial activities.

OBJECTIVE: The study of 467 cases of amniocentesis have been done at the department of Genetics, Taegu Cheil Hospital from Oct. 1997 to May 1999 for the purpose of analysis of abnormal karyotype according to the indication and age distribution, METHODS: We collected amniotic fluid using 22G spinal needle and measured amniotic alphafetoprotein and acetylcholine esterase in supematant and performed cytogenetic analysis. RESULTS: Positive Down screeing(positive triple test) was the most common indication of amniocentesis (61.5%) and abnormal karyotypes were 24 cases(5.1%) in 467 cases. Among 24 abnormal cases, 10 cases(2.1%) of 21 trisomy were observed. Abnormal karyotypes were most common in the group of abnormal ultrasonogram finding and the gmup of maternal age between 31 to 35 years old, which consists of 25% and 7.7% respectively. CONCLUSION: More attention for the abnormal karyotype should be paid to the group of abnormal ultrasonogram finding and the group of maternal age between 31 to 35 years old as well as above 35 years old.
Abnormal Karyotype ; Acetylcholine ; Adult ; Age Distribution ; Amniocentesis ; Amniotic Fluid ; Cytogenetic Analysis* ; Cytogenetics* ; Daegu ; Female ; Genetics ; Humans ; Karyotype ; Maternal Age ; Needles ; Trisomy ; Ultrasonography

Livedo vasculitis is thought to be a thrombogenic disorder that is related to the autoimmune disease. It clinically shows purplish mottling and recurrent painful ulcers in the lower extremities, leaving atrophie blanche after healing of the ulcers. Histopathologic finding are thrombotic occlusion in the mid-dermal vessels without necrotizing vasculitis. The therapeutic approach has largely been made by the use of drugs that stimulate endogenous fibrinolytic activitiy, that inhibit thrombus formation, or that cause vasodilation, but surgical intervention by excision and skin graftion has rarely been reported as a primary treatment.In our experience, two patients with livedo vasculitis, who had been unresponsive to various medications, were treated with wide excision and several times of skin grafting. And they experienced complete healing without recurrence.
Autoimmune Diseases ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Recurrence ; Skin ; Skin Transplantation ; Thrombosis ; Ulcer ; Vasculitis* ; Vasodilation

Behcet's disease is a multisystematic inflammatory disorder affecting eyes. Visual loss is the most serious effect of Behcet's disease with posterior segment involvement.Because of the disorder's devastating visual consequences, its treatment has received considerable attention.Since the treatment of Behcet's disease has often been unsatisfactory, many different types of treatment have been attempted. We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 28 patients with severe ocular Behcet's disease involving posterior segment.The patients with posterior segment involvement were initially treated with triple regimen (corticosteroid, colchicines, and azathioprine).If intraocular inflammation does not resolve or the inflammatory process recurs, combination with low doses of cyclosporine should be considered (quadruple therapy).Over the course of therapy, visual acuity improved in 25 of 51 eyes (49.01%), remained stable in 14 of 51 eyes (27.45%), and declined in 12 of 51 eyes (23.52%).It improved or maintained the visual acuity in 39 of 51 eyes.There were no serious side effects attributable to triple or quadruple therapy that required withdrawal. The use of corticosteroids, colchicines, azathioprine, and cyclosporine may improve therapeutic efficacy and limit the adverse drug effects, and this combination method appears to be an effective treatment for the ocular complications of Behcet's disease.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Azathioprine ; Cyclosporine ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Retrospective Studies ; Visual Acuity