Fournier described five patients with gangrene of male external genitalia in 1883 and emphasized three characteristics: (1) abrupt onset in young healthy male, (2) rapid progression to gangrene,(3) absence of discernible cause. But more recent reports described genital gangrene as occurring in any age group and 4 patients in our cases, the mean age was 46 years with an age range of 31 to 59 years. Predisposing causes were as follows: case 1. prostatic calculi, Buerger's disease, case 2, perianal abscess, case 3, diabetes mellitus, case 4, tuberculous spondylitis accompanied by paraplegia and bed sores, liver cirrhosis. The duration of symptoms prior to the development of gangrene varied between 4 to 10 days. The cultured organisms were as follows : case 1. Alpha-hemolytic streptococcus, case 2. E. coli, Alpha-hemolytic streptococcus case 3. Alpha-hemolytic streptococcus, case 4, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, proteus species. Reconstructive surgery of defected scrotum was performed postoperative 8 to 41 days (mean 28.7) and total admission period was 25 to 83 days (mean 46 days).
Abscess ; Calculi ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Fournier Gangrene* ; Gangrene ; Genitalia ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Male ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Paraplegia ; Pressure Ulcer ; Proteus ; Scrotum ; Spondylitis ; Streptococcus ; Thromboangiitis Obliterans

Steatocystoma multiplex, a cutaneous disorder involving the appearance cysts on the trunk and upper arms, is often inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. The authors present mammographic and US findings of steatocystoma multiplex in a 35-year-old woman with breast masses. On mammograms, multiple uniform thin walled round or oval shaped oil cysts were seen in the peripheral portion of the breasts and axilla, and on US, well-defined or smooth ill-defined round or oval shaped nodules were seen in the subcutaneous layer of the breasts and axilla ; compared with subcutaneous fat, there was iso- or slightly increased echogenicity.
Adult ; Arm ; Axilla ; Breast ; Female ; Humans ; Steatocystoma Multiplex ; Subcutaneous Fat

The cystoscopic manipulation was performed in 82 cases of lower ureteral stones, 7 cases of mid ureteral stones and 4 cases of upper ureteral stones who visited the Department of Urology, during the period of 24 months from January 1st, 1984 to December 31st, 1985. Using Dormia stone basket in 73 cases and ureteral meatomy was performed in 20 cases and the results were as follows: 1. Dormia stone basket was used in 73 cases of ureteral stone. Immediate removal was successful in 24 cases, delayed removal in 37 cases (48 hours delay), so successful removal of stone was in 61 out of 73 cases. Failure in 12 cases, spontaneous delivery of stone was noted in cases 5 about 4-20 days after the application of Dormia stone basket did not pass through the portion of calculi and spontaneous delivery of stone was made in 14 cases after meatotomy. 2. Successful removal of stone was, mostly in proportion to the size of stone. 3. In 4 cases of upper ureteral stone, successful removal after indwelling of Dormia stone basket the position of stone for 48 hours. 4. Post management complications were fever in 12 cases, flank pain and low abdominal pain in 78 cases.
Abdominal Pain ; Calculi ; Fever ; Flank Pain ; Ureter* ; Urology

It is necessary to understand the age-related growth and development of the human prostate gland because that it was almostly advanced benign prostatic hyperplasia which was the pathologic conditions associated with age and its symptoms tend to be progressive. But there is only a limited information of the natural history of the disease By ultrasonography, we made a study of the changes in prostate with age, the time that initiating benign prostatic hyperplasia and the degree of progression of the disease. The echo pattern, of diameter of the prostate of the maximum anterior-posterior (A-P), superior-inferior(S-I), and transverse(Tr.) were measured in 185 cases from the 20 years to over 80 years of age. The weight of prostate was calculated using formula(W=4/3rr3 X SG, W; weight, SG; specific gravity about 1.05mg/ml, r; radius of prostate in any dimension). The result were as followings. The average prostatic-length were 2.57+/-0.52cm in A-P diameter, 3.44+/-0.35cm in S-I diameter and 4.lO+/-0.02cm in Tr. diameter respectively In the pathologic B.P.H.. the diameter of A-P, S-I and Tr. were 3.72+/-0.35cm, 3.85+/-0.27cm and 4.73+/-0.28cm respectively. The average weight of prostate(gm., mean- S.D.) were 19.16+/-0.35gm in normal adults and 34.43+/-0.47gm in B.P.H. As the age-related events (years), the initial onset of B.P.H. was suspicious in the 5th decades, age that half male population will have pathologic B.P.H. was 62+/-7 years. The average age of onset of clinical symptoms was 63+/-5 years and the average for surgery was 66+/-5 years also.
Adult ; Age of Onset ; Growth and Development ; Humans ; Male ; Natural History ; Prostate* ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; Radius ; Specific Gravity ; Ultrasonography*

Retrocaval or postcaval ureter is a well-recognized venous congenital anomaly commonly causing ureteric obstruction. A 42 year-old male was admitted to Korea University Hospital because of right flank pain. The right AGP reveals the S-shaped coures of ureter and hydronephrosis. The ureteral and to end anastomosis was done with double J ureteral stent. Herein we present a case of retrocaval ureter with brief review of literatures.
Adult ; Flank Pain ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Korea ; Male ; Retrocaval Ureter* ; Stents ; Ureter

The patent urachus is the failure of complete urachal lumen closure results in a free communication between the bladder and the umbilicus. The urachus remains patent and urine leaks from the umbilicus. A 53 day old female infant was admitted to Seoul Red Cross Hospital due to urine leakage accompanied by varing purulent discharge from the enlarged protruding umbilicus, measuring 2 Cm x 2 Cm x 2 Cm, since birth. The fistulogram showed a long fistulous tract communicate with bladder and umbilicus. After complete resection of the urachus and umbilicus with a bladder cuff, the patient had no urine leakage from umbilicus. We report a case of patent urachus with some literature.
Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Parturition ; Red Cross ; Seoul ; Umbilicus ; Urachus* ; Urinary Bladder

Endometriosis is the presence of normal endometrial tissue in an ectopic location. Its involvement of urinary tract occurs in up to 10 percent. Especially the incidence of vesical endometriosis is very rare. We report one case of vesical endometriosis that have been treated by partial cystectomy and then discussed with references to its unusual features management.
Cystectomy ; Endometriosis* ; Female ; Incidence ; Urinary Tract

PURPOSE: To compare the power Doppler ultrasonographic (PDUS) findings of angiogenesis occurring in solid breast with the histopathologic findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-one cases of pathologically proven solid breast lesions (eight benign, 23 malignant) were retrospectively reviewed, focusing on tumor size (< 3 cm, >= 3 cm), the amount (none, mild, marked), morphology (none/linear, branching, disordered) and pattern (none/peripheral, central, penetrating), as demonstrated by power Doppler ultrasonography. We compared the PDUS findings with microscopic micro- vessel density (Max-MVD, the number of micro-vessels revealed at pathologic examination after factor-VIII staining). Statistical significance was determined using the x2-test. RESULTS: Max-MVD tended to increase according to fumor size, but the relationship was not statistically significant. In solid breast lesions there was close correlation between the observed increase in the intensity of Doppler signals and increased Max-MVD (p < 0.05). Morphologically, branching and disordered vessels were more often seen in malignant lesions, though the relationship between this finding and increased Max-MVD was not statistically significant. Penetrating and central Doppler signals were more frequent in malignant lesions and showed close correlation with increased Max-MVD (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The increased intensity of Doppler signals and the central and penetrating pattern of solid breast lesions seen at power Doppler sonography were closely related with increases in Max-MVD.
Breast Neoplasms ; Breast* ; Microvessels* ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultrasonography, Doppler

PURPOSE: To define and correlate characteristic sonographic and pathologic findings in men with gynecomastia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed medical records and sonographic findings of 26 patients with pathologically proven gynecomastia. All of the chief symptoms, physical findings and causes were categorized. Characteristic sonographic patterns of gynecomastia were analyzed and compared with pathologic findings. RESULTS: Gynecomastia was most common in the 20- to 40-year-old age group (50%) 6;palpable mass was found in 62% of all those cases. Gynecomastia was unilateral or asymmetrical in 22 men (85%), and was caused idiopathically in 21 (81%). The characteristic sonographic patterns correlated with pathologic findings were as follows : (1) focal subareolar smooth oval (or triangular) indistinct margined homogeneous hypoechoic(or isoechoic) patterns were found in 14cases (54%). Eight of these (57%) were of the florid type of gynecomastia (67%) ; (2) diffuse homogeneous hyperechoic (or isoechoic) patterns were found in five cases (19%) ; four of these (80%) were of the intermediate or fibrotic type : (3) involuting female breast parenchymal patterns were found in seven cases (27%), of which six(86%) were of the intermediate or fibrotic type. CONCLUSION: The characteristic sonographic patterns of gynecomastia correlate closely with pathologic types related to the duration of the condition. Ultrasonography isa useful primary diagnostic modality for the evaluation of gynecomastia.
Adult ; Breast ; Female ; Gynecomastia* ; Humans ; Male ; Medical Records ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: To correlate the atypical sonographic patterns of fibroadenoma of the breast with the pathologicfindings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Among 203 surgically proven 43 which were sonographi-cally atypicalfibroadenomas, were retrospectively reviewed. The diagnostic criteria for atypical va riety, as seen onsonography, were an ill-defined margin, microlobulated or irregular shape, heterogeneous internal echo-pattern,posterior shadowing, micro-calcification, and clefts. The atypical sonographic patterns of these 43 fibroadenomaswere analysed and compared with the pathologic findings. RESULTS: Among 43 lesions, ill-defined margins orirregular shapes were seen in 15 c a s e s, heterogeneous internal echo-patterns in 27, posterior attenuation innine, and clefts in seven. Thirty-seven (86%) of the 43 were predominantly ductal or hada mixed ductal and stromalcomponent. Eleven (73.3%) of fifteen ill-defined margin or irregular shaped lesions were caused by interdigitationof surrounding normal breast parenchyma and mass. Twenty two (81.5%) of 27 heterogeneous internal echo-pat-ternswere related to dilated ducts, phyllodes features, collagen bundles, adenosis, mi-crocalcification, or fatvacuoles. Eight (88.9%) of nine posterior attenuations were caused by collagen bundles, microcalcification, ductalproliferation or dilatation. All seven cases showing clefts revealed phyllodes features and dilated ducts. CONCLUSIONS: Most atypical fibroadenomas had a redominantly ductal or mixed component. Ill-defined margin orirregular shape was mainly due to interdigitation of normal surrounding parenchyma. Variable histologic featureswere related to the het-erogeneous internal echo-pattern, posterior shadowing, and the clefts revealed by atypicalsonographic findings.
Breast Neoplasms ; Breast* ; Collagen ; Dilatation ; Fibroadenoma* ; Retrospective Studies ; Shadowing (Histology) ; Ultrasonography*