The author obtained index of red cell volume distribution width(RDW) and other red cell indices in 210 patients of various hematoncologic conditions and 200 healthy control group using, an automated blood analyzer, Coulter Counter Model S-plus II. This study performed to classify various etiologic anemia based on the MCV and RDW, to evaluate availability to the differential diagnosis in korean anemic distoders somewhat different from etiologies of anemias in foreginers. In the most of cases, the increase or decrease of MCV were always combined the pararell changes of MCH and MCHC: But the values of MCV and RDW were not correlated in control group and patient group. So the terms of heterogenous of homogenous anemia were meaningful morphologic classification than hypochromic or normochromic anemia. The heterogenous microcytic anemia contained iron deficiency anemia. In heterogenous normocytic anemia, myelophthisic anemia, acute leukemia were contained. In heterogenous macrocytic anemia, megaloblastic anemia, hemolytic anemia were contained. The homogenous microcytic anemia was observed in anemia of chronic disorders. In homogenous normocytic anemia, acute blood loss, chronic leukemia, multiple myeloma were contained. The aplastic anemia was belonged to homogenous macrocytic anemia. The diagnostic significance of RDW in hemoglobinopathies is most importhant. But this study was not contained hemoglobinopathies. Instead RDW was very helpful to differential diagnosis of most common anemias, iron deficiency anemia and anemia due to chronic disorders in Korea.
Anemia* ; Anemia, Aplastic ; Anemia, Hemolytic ; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency ; Anemia, Macrocytic ; Anemia, Megaloblastic ; Anemia, Myelophthisic ; Cell Size ; Classification* ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Erythrocyte Indices ; Hemoglobinopathies ; Humans ; Korea ; Leukemia ; Multiple Myeloma

A clinical review of 31 cases of multiple myeloma which were diagnosed by criteria of the SWOG between May 1983 and February 1990 at Yeungnam University Hospital was done. The results were as followings: 1. The peak incidence was in 7th decade and male to female ratio was 1.8:1. 2. The most common presenting symptom at first diagnosis was bone pain (58%), but fever, dyspnea, dizziness and palpable mass were also noted. 3. The distribution of laboratory findings as following diagnostic criteria of Southwest oncology group (SWOG): Plasmacytoma on tissue biopsy was noted 6 cases, bone marrow plasmacytosis with more than 10% plasma cells was 22 cases, monoclonal globulin spike on serum electrophoresis was 24 cases, lytic bone lesions was observed 22 cases. 4. Initial clinical stages were classified as 2 cases in stage I, 3 cases in stage II, 26 cases in stage III (84%). 5. Immunoelectrophoresis revealed the distribution of IgG 64%, light chain 22%, IgA 10%, Kappa to Lambda ratio of 1.1:1. 6. Hematologic & biochemical findings revealed anemia with <8.5% of hemoglobin in 42%, hypercalcemia with <10.6 mg% of serum calcium in 22%, azotemia >2.0 mg% of serum creatinine in 19%. 7. The multiple punched out lesion of bone x-ray examination were noticed skull (65%), rib (42%), L-spine (35%), pelvis (23%), T-spine (19%). The initial skeletal roentgenographic findings showed osteoporosis, osteolytic lesion and fracture in 55%, only osteolytic lesion in 23%, only osteoporosis in 10%. 8. Complications of multiple myeloma, such as 10 cases of renal impairment, 8 cases of infection, 16 cases of compression fracture of spine were observed.
Anemia ; Azotemia ; Biopsy ; Bone Marrow ; Calcium ; Clinical Study* ; Creatinine ; Diagnosis ; Dizziness ; Dyspnea ; Electrophoresis ; Female ; Fever ; Fractures, Compression ; Humans ; Hypercalcemia ; Immunoelectrophoresis ; Immunoglobulin A ; Immunoglobulin G ; Incidence ; Male ; Multiple Myeloma* ; Osteoporosis ; Pelvis ; Plasma Cells ; Plasmacytoma ; Ribs ; Skull ; Spine

No abstract available.
Addison Disease*

No abstract available.

Three freshwater snail species of the family Lymnaeidae have been reported from Korea, Radix auricularia coreana, Austropeplea ollula and Fossaria truncatula. Out of 3 lymnaeid snail species, A. ollula was naturally infected with the Echinostoma cinetorchis cercariae (infection rate = 0.7%). In the experiments with the laboratory-bred snails, F. truncatula as well as A. ollula was also susceptible to the E. cinetorchis miracidia with infection rates of 25% and 40%, respectively. All of three lymnaeid snail species exposed to the E. cinetorchis cercariae were infected with the E. cinetorchis metacercariae. It is evident that A. ollula acts as the first molluscan intermediate host of E. cinetorchis in Korea, and F. truncatula may be a possible candidate for the first intermediate host of this intestinal fluke. Also, three lymnaeid snail species targeted were experimentally infected with E. cinetorchis metacercariae.
Animals ; Echinostoma/pathogenicity/*physiology ; Echinostomiasis/parasitology ; Host-Parasite Relations ; Korea ; Lymnaea/*parasitology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

The femoral fracture, occurred associated with the cemented hip arthroplasty, is well-known cornplication but the proximal femoral fractures of the noncemented hip arthroplasty, were occurred more than those. Among the 290 patients, who were treated by the noncemented hip arthroplasty from Dec. 1987 to April 1992, the 24 cases of the femoral fracture were experienced and the results were as follows: 1) of the 24 cases, the male was nine and the female was fifteen. The age distribution was mostly occurred between 41 and 60 years old and most fracture were developed in 1 1mm stem size. In revision cases, 225mm stem length (Wagner) was common. The locations of fracture were proximal 1/3 (type I: 19 cases), tip (type II; 1 case), distal 1/3 (type III; 1 case) and comminuted (type IV; 3 cases) by Johansson; siclassification. 2) The femoral fracture was mostly developed during the stem insertion and the fracture site in anatomical stem was only proximal femur. 3) 1n cases of revision, most of the fractures were occured on the anterior or lateral side of the femur. It was difficult to manage the fracture because of the severe osteoporosis and comminution. 4) As the problem of the operative technique, the fracture incidence can be decreased by accurate preoperative measurement and it must be cautious in the stem more than 225 mm length, which were used in revision case. 5) The circumferential wiring for proximal and plate & screws in middle and distal were done as the treatment of fracture and the results were all good, but stem tip fracture in osteoporotic patients was troublesome. We think that long plate(>8 holes) & both cortex purchase and bone graft are best methods so far.
Age Distribution ; Arthroplasty ; Female ; Femoral Fractures ; Femur ; Hip ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Osteoporosis ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Multiple Myeloma* ; Pleural Effusion*

BACKGROUNDS: The purpose of this study is to clarify therapeutic efficacy of percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP) using polymethylmethacrylate(PMMA) for the osteoporotic compression fractures of the spine and to define the complications following the procedures. METHODS: The authors retrospectively analyzed the clinical outcome of 51 consecutive patients with recent osteoporotic compression fractures undergone PVP between January, 2000 and December, 2001. We reviewed medical records, radiographic findings, and telephone questionaires. The clinical outcomes were categorized by visual analogue scale(VAS). RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 70.2 years old(range, 60~84) and the male/female ratio was 9:42(17.6%:82.4%). Mean duration of symptom was 2.75 months(0.25~12). Mean follow up periods were 12.2 months(5~27). Among the 63 treated segments, most of them were thoracolumbar junction(69.8%, 44/63) and treated via bipedicular route(bipedicular/unipedicular: 47/16). Thirty-eight patients showed complete or partial relief of pain(82.6%). Age, sex, duration of symptom, number of involved segments, and approach(uni-/bipedicular) had no statistical significance to clinical outcome. Nonetheless leakage of acrylic cement was noted in 37 patients(72.5%), most of them were asymptomatic. The complications were 4 symptomatic leakages(4 transient radicular pain), 1 pulmonary embolisms, and 1 fractured acrylic cement. CONCLUSION: PVP using PMMA is a minimally invasive, safe and effective treatment modality providing primary stability and prompt pain relief for the osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. As most of the complications are related with leakage of acrylic cement, preoperative CT scan, vertebral phlebography and fluoroscopic guidance are mandatory as well as cautious injection of adequate amount of PMMA.
Follow-Up Studies ; Fractures, Compression* ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Phlebography ; Polymethyl Methacrylate ; Pulmonary Embolism ; Retrospective Studies ; Spine ; Telephone ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome* ; Vertebroplasty*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the long-term results of contact transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (TSCPC) in eyes with secondary glaucoma following intravitreal silicone oil injection. METHODS: Medical records of 18 eyes of 17 patients who underwent TSCPC following intravitreal silicone oil injection for complicated retinal detachment were reviewed. TSCPC was performed using diode laser at a power of 1.5 to 2.5 W, duration of 2 seconds, and with 14 to 27 applications. Intraocular pressure (IOP), number of glaucoma medications, status of anterior segment and retina, complications and visual acuity were evaluated. RESULTS: Overall mean number of treatments given per eye was 1.6. After a mean follow-up period of 122.7 (range, 49 to 228) weeks, the mean pretreatment IOP, 42.1+/-13.5 mmHg, decreased to 19.5+/-12.3 mmHg (p=0.001). The number of glaucoma medications was significantly decreased from 2.8+/-0.9 to 0.9+/-1.12 (p= 0.000). Hypotony or phthisis bulbi developed in one eye, respectively. Excluding the six eyes with no light perception before treatment, 4 (33.3%) of 12 eyes had stable or improved visual acuity at the final follow-up visit. Five of 8 eyes showing visual deterioration lost light perception. CONCLUSIONS: Medically uncontrolled glaucoma secondary to intravitreal silicone oil injection can be treated with TSCPC, although there is a significant risk of visual loss associated with the procedure.
Follow-Up Studies ; Glaucoma* ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Lasers, Semiconductor* ; Medical Records ; Retina ; Retinal Detachment* ; Retinaldehyde* ; Silicone Oils* ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: To evaluate the usefulness of magnetic resonance cholangiography(MRC) for the diagnosis of biliary atresia in infantile cholestatic jaundice. METHODS: Fifty consecutive infants with cholestatic jaundice underwent single-shot MRC for 3 years. The radiologic diagnosis of non-biliary atresia with MRC was based on visualization of the common bile duct and common hepatic duct. The diagnosis of biliary atresia was based on non-visualization of either the common bile duct or common hepatic duct. The final diagnosis of biliary atresia or non-biliary atresia was made with operations or clinical follow-up until jaundice resolved. RESULTS: MRC could clearly visualized the gallbladder, cystic duct, common hepatic duct, common bile duct, both intrahepatic ducts and second order intrahepatic ducts in small neonates and infants. MRC had accuracy of 98%, sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 96% for diagnosis of biliary atresia as the cause of infantile cholestatic jaundice. CONCLUSIONS: MRC is a very reliable noninvasive imaging study for diagnosis of biliary atresia in infants with cholestatic jaundice.
Biliary Atresia* ; Cholangiography* ; Common Bile Duct ; Cystic Duct ; Diagnosis* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gallbladder ; Hepatic Duct, Common ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Jaundice ; Jaundice, Obstructive ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Sensitivity and Specificity