PURPOSE: This is to evaluate the clinical results and radiologic changes of the mandibular condyle fractures following the open reduction and fixation using the Lag-screws introduced by Eckelt and Martin Co. MATERIALS & METHODS: Ten patients who had been treated by the Lag-screw fixation for the unilateral fracture of the mandibular condyle at the high level and followed up for over 6 months(ranged from 24 weeks to 33 weeks). The incisal opening by time elapsed, displacement of the fragments, bone resorption around the Lag-screws, operating time consumed, and untoward complications were evaluated. The data were tested by repeated measure ANOVA and paired t-test. RESULTS: The maximum mouth opening was increased by time as follows ; 20.2+/-2.8mm soon after reduction. 26.3+/-3.9 at the 2nd week, 37.7+/-4.2mm at the 4th week, 44.4+/-4.3mm in PO 2 months(P<0.05). The bone resorption at anterior to lag-screw nut was measured to 1.9+/-1.0mm, while the posterior resorption was 2.6+/-1.9mm on average(P<0.05). Reduction and fixation of the fragments by Lag-screw were done within 80 minutes including the skin closure. The clicking sound of the TMJ(40%), weakness of the marginal branch(60%) were complicated but transient for 4-8weeks. There were no signs of bony displacement, but loosening of screws were observed at the time of removal. CONCLUSION: Open reduction and fixation with condylar Lag-screw(Martin co., Germany) thru the ramus can be a good option to reduce the high level(Kruger's Level III & IV) fracture of the mandibular condyle with anterior or medial displacement. However, this procedure requires 2nd surgery to remove the devices and it may complicate improper reduction for delayed fractures and in case of 's' curved mandibular ramus.
Bone Resorption ; Humans ; Mandibular Condyle* ; Mouth ; Nuts ; Prognosis* ; Skin

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Cerebral Infarction* ; Humans ; Polycythemia Vera* ; Polycythemia*

No abstract available.
Meningitis, Bacterial*

No abstract available.
Myocarditis* ; Stomach*

Sarcoidosis is a rare but potentially fatal multisystem granulomatous disease of unknown etiology. While a number of clinical manifestations may develop, cardiac involvement (prior to or coincident with sarcoidosis of other organs) is an important prognostic factor. Recently, we encountered a patient with cardiac sarcoidosis who presented with complete atrioventricular (AV) block and sustained ventricular tachycardia. An implantable cardioverter-defibrillator was inserted as a precautionary measure for ventricular tachycardia and symptomatic complete AV block. 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography confirmed a dramatic response to high-dose steroid at four weeks, as demonstrated by a marked decrease in cardiac sarcoid activity from baseline status.
Atrioventricular Block ; Defibrillators, Implantable ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Sarcoidosis ; Tachycardia, Ventricular

A 3-year-old girl with rapidly progressive proptosis had an unusual malignant germ cell tumor of the orbit identified as an endodermal sinus tumor. The endodermal sinus tumor is a malignant germ cell neoplasm that usually arises in gonads, but on rare ocassion ocurrs in extragonadal locations. Histologic examination revealed pseudo papillary pattern that on occasion created peculiar organoid structure similar to the glomeruli(Shiller-Dubal bodies). The patient was treated with exenteration of left orbit and three drug chemotherapy. The present case is of particular interest because of the rarity of extragonadal endodermal sinus tumor.
Child, Preschool ; Drug Therapy ; Endoderm* ; Endodermal Sinus Tumor* ; Exophthalmos ; Female ; Germ Cells ; Gonads ; Humans ; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal ; Orbit* ; Organoids

Nomal kittens showed a gradual increase from 17.6% to 25.5% of BLS with aging from the fifth week to the ninth. Young kittens showed significantly less BLS than adult ones(p<0.1). There was no significant difference in BLS between exotropic and nomal kittens or alternating and non-alternating strabismic ones. However, there was a significant difference in BLS between esotropic and nomal ones(p<0.1). These results suggested that the BLS can be used as an index for the extent of total field from both eyes.
Adult ; Aging ; Esotropia ; Exotropia ; Humans ; Telescopes*

PURPOSE: To present the results of patients undergoing surgical treatment and determine clinical guidelines for the face turn, and up and down shoot in Duane retraction syndrome (DRS). METHODS: Thirty-four patients with DRS were treated with single horizontal rectus muscle recession, lateral rectus (LR) recession with Y-splitting, or LR recession with Y-splitting combined with medial rectus (MR) recession. The different treatment approaches were based on the angle of deviation in the primary position, versions, and ductions. In all patients, ocular alignment, face turn and up and down shoot were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively. RESULTS: The average standard deviation reduced from 18.5 +/- 6.5 prism diopters (PD) to 4.6 +/- 5.8 PD in horizontal rectus muscle recession and 14.4 +/- 5.5 PD to 1.6 +/- 2.8 PD in LR recession with Y-splitting. LR recession with Y-splitting combined with MR recession was effective in reducing globe retraction. Postoperative 4-mm LR recession with Y-splitting did not change ocular alignment; 7-mm LR recession with Y-splitting showed an average correction of 12.8 PD. Postoperatively, all patients presented a reduction in face turn; however, there was no statistically significant difference between the 2 procedures (Mann-Whitney U test, p = 0.620). CONCLUSIONS: Decisions regarding surgical approaches in DRS should be based on the amount of deviation in primary eye position, the expression of up and down shoot, and the degree of face turn. Surgeons planning Y-splitting of LR with MR recession must consider modifying the MR recession amount due to the smaller LR recession effect of Y-splitting compared with conventional LR recession.
Duane Retraction Syndrome ; Eye ; Humans ; Muscles