Primary carcinoma of the fallopian tube is an extremely rare malignancy of the female genital tract. We have experienced two cases of primary carcinoma in the fallopian tube. One case with huge mass which was diagnosed incidentally on the basis of the biopsy findings, and the other case of the 3 years follow-up. We reported the cases with a brief review of the concemed literatures.
Biopsy ; Fallopian Tubes* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans

Total elbow arthroplasty is a relatively rare procedure compared with total knee or total hip arthroplasty. Total elbow arthroplasty for bony ankylosis is even rarer, and the results are often unsatisfactory. We report a patient who gained good mobility of the elbow after total elbow arthroplasty for the treatment of fractured arthrodesis site with which the patient had lived with for 12 years.
Ankylosis ; Arthrodesis* ; Arthroplasty* ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Elbow* ; Humans ; Knee

No abstract available.
Mitral Valve*

The aim of this study is to elucidate the desired location and shape of Korean women's breast. Thirty-three awarded portraits and torsos from 1990 to 2000 were analyzed. Eleven anthropometric ratio were calculated. Vertically, nipple was located 1/3 distance from sternal notch to umblicus. Horizontally, nipple was at 1/3 distance lateral from the midclaviclar line to acromion. The distance between lateral borders of breast were same as the width of chest cage. The projection of breast was 2/5 of anteroposterior diameter of chest cage. The result of this study may be of use in breast surgeries including reconstruction, augmentation and reduction.
Acromion ; Anthropometry ; Awards and Prizes* ; Breast* ; Nipples ; Thorax ; Torso*

Typhoid fever is one of the important contagious diseases. Typhoid fever of severe category is defined as the condition in which a febrile patient shows shocks or an altered state of consciousness ranging from delirium to coma. High dose dexarnethasone therapy is considered very effective in these life-threatening conditions. We report two severe hrphoid fever cases, which were treated with high dose dexarnethasone (dexamethasone 3mg/kg IV and lmg/kg q6hrs for 48 hrs) with a great success and we believe that one of the two cases is the first Korean case in the literature who had cerebellar ataxia and cortical tremor as a manifestation of the CNS involvement of typhoid fever.
Cerebellar Ataxia ; Coma ; Consciousness ; Delirium ; Dexamethasone* ; Encephalitis* ; Fever ; Humans ; Shock ; Tremor ; Typhoid Fever*

PURPOSE: Unilateral ureteral obstruction results in tubulointerstitial fibrosis of the affected kidney which is driven by increased levels of angiotensin II. In this study, we examed the fibrotic changes in un inephrectomized rats with incomplete urteral obstruction and explored the effect of an angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE)inhibitor, enalapril on the tubulointerstitial fibrosis of obstructive uropathy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 130 Rats were sacrificed at 1, 2, 4 weeks after nephrectomy or obstruction. Collagen type I, II, and III were localized by immunohistochemical staining. And the distribution of each collagen type was analyzed using differences of their staining densities. RESULTS: There is no difference in total collagen amount and immunohistochemical staining between control and uninephrectomized group. After 2weeks in incomplete ureteral obstruction in uninephretomized rat, the total amount of collagen in affected kidney was significantly increased compared to control (p<0.05), and immunohistochemical staining for all type of collagen was gradually increased by increased duration of incomplete ureteral obstruction. Enalapril did not affect the total collagen amount and immunohistochemical staining in the kidney of uninephrectomized rat. Enalapril significantly decreased the collagen amount in affected kidneys of collagen was not significantly changed compaired to control group. CONCLUSIONS: the incomplete ureteral obstruction in uninephrectomized rat induces progressive increase of amount of collagen according to the duration of obstruction, especially 2 weeks, and enalapril administration after incomplete unilateral obstruction of tubulointerstitial fibrosis of obstructive uropathy.
Angiotensin II ; Angiotensins ; Animals ; Collagen Type I ; Collagen* ; Enalapril* ; Fibrosis ; Kidney ; Nephrectomy ; Rats* ; United Nations ; Ureter* ; Ureteral Obstruction*

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The presence of eosinophil-specific cytotoxic mediators in nasopharyngeal secretions of infants with more severe RSV infection in the respiratory tract suggests that eosinophils play a key role in the pathogenesis of RSV-induced airway inflammation and the associated epithelial damage. A recent report demonstrated that RSV-infected respiratory cells induce eosinophil degranulation by a CD11b/CD18-dependent, ICAM-1-independent mechanism. However, the molecule on the epithelial cell membrane involved in the receptor-mediated degranulation of eosinophils after RSV infection has not been clearly identified. MATERIALS AND METHOD: We investigated the effect of RSV infection on the expression of pIgR on A549 cells and blocking of the RSV-infected cell induced eosinophil degranulation with monoclonal antibodies of the pIgR. RESULTS: After 24h of RSV infection, A549 cells expressed pIgR remarkably whereas pIgR was hardly expressed by the uninfected cells in flow cytometry and in the semi-quantitative RT-PCR. CD11b/CD18 on eosinophils was highly expressed by the RSV conditioned media. Purified eosinophils cocultured with the RSV-infected A549 cells showed approximately eightfold increase in ECP in the isotype control, compared with the control and that was blocked by treatment of anti-pIgR monoclonal antibody. CONCLUSION: It is strongly suggested that pIgR expression in the epithelial cells may be a key factor for eosinophil degranulation via interaction with CD11b/CD18 in the RSV-infected epithelial cells.
Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Culture Media, Conditioned ; Eosinophils* ; Epithelial Cells* ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Infant ; Inflammation ; Membranes ; Polymers* ; Receptors, Polymeric Immunoglobulin* ; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses* ; Respiratory System

PURPOSE: To determine results of treatment according to the guidelines of the Vancouver classification in periprosthetic femoral fractures after total hip arthroplasty. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Among 44 cases of periproshtetic femoral fractures after hip arthroplasty treated between Aug. 1991 and Feb. 2008, thirty-two cases with minimum follow-up greater than one year were included. Outcomes were evaluated using the Beals and Tower's critieria. RESULTS: Outcomes were excellent in 27 cases, and poor in 5 cases. Four of 5 cases with poor result were due to non-union. Three cases were treated with internal fixation and 1 case was treated with a conservative method. One case with a poor result was due to loosening of the cemented stem of a Vancouver type B1 fracture. Loosening of the stem after mid to long term follow up occurred in an additional 4 cases (3 cases with a cemented stem in a type B1 fracture, 1 case with a cemented stem of a type C fracture). Loosened stems were revised with a long revision stem. CONCLUSION: For type B1 periprosthetic fractures around a cementless stem, and for type B2, type B3 periprosthetic fractures, treatment according to the guidelines of the Vancouver classification showed excellent results. However, type B1 periprosthetic fractures around a cemented stem showed poor results with non-union or stem loosening. Hence, more rigid fixation using a bone graft or revision of the stem is needed. In type C periprosthetic fractures in osteoporotic patients, closer attentions is needed to avoid complications.
Arthroplasty ; Attention ; Femoral Fractures ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip ; Humans ; Periprosthetic Fractures ; Transplants

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) has been used worldwide since the advent of ESS by Messerklinger and Wigand. There have been many reports concerning the results of ESS on the treatment of chronic paranasal sinusitis, but few reports about the intraoperative complications of ESS in Korea. In this paper, we analyzed the intraoperative complications of ESS in Kyung Hee University Hospital and discussed about early recognition and managements. MATERIALS AND METHOD: We reviewed retrospectively the intraoperative complications of ESS of 1025 patients who underwent the ESS at Kyung Hee University Hospital from January 1998 to January 2001. Dividing the intraoperative complications into major and minor, we describe the managements and results. RESULTS: The rate of total complications was 13.27%. The major complications occurred in 0.78%, with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage (0.39%) marking the commonest complication. The ratio of minor complications was 12.49%, with the leading one being the periorbital ecchymosis (6.15%). CONCLUSION: ESS is often complicated by anatomical variations and inexperience of operator, and we must prepare for early detection and managements through preoperative survey of anatomical defects and improvement of operative skills.
Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Ecchymosis ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Intraoperative Complications* ; Korea ; Retrospective Studies ; Sinusitis

Juvenile granulosa cell tumor is a well-known sex-cord stromal ovarian neoplasm different in appearance and behavior from the adult granulosa cell tumor and occurs most (80%) frequently in the first two decades. The prognosis of juvenile granulosa cell tumor in children is good in most cases, but correlated with stage, size, the presence of ruptures, the grade of nuclear atypia, the degree of mitotic activity. The surgery remains the principal line of treatment for low stage juvenile granulosa cell tumor in children, but for those patient with high stage juvenile granulosa cell tumor or recurrence, the best treatment has yet to be determined and tumor sensitivity to radiation therapy and chemotherapy is not clearly. We present a case of juvenile granulosa cell tumor with brief review of literatures.
Adult ; Child ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Granulosa Cell Tumor* ; Granulosa Cells* ; Humans ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Ovary* ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Rupture