Spinal extradural angiolipoma is a rare benign tumor containing vascular and mature adipose elements. The most common location of this tumor is the thoracic level with a tendency to involve several spinal segments. Almost all spinal extradural angiolipomas develop on the posterior aspect of the dura. The authors report a case of surgically proven spinal extradural angiolipoma involving the thoracic level and describe its CT findings.
Angiolipoma*

The transition from preinvasive to invasive disease is a crucial juncture in the development of cervical cancer. The clinical experience that microvasive lesions carry a better prognosis justifies a sepetate diagnostic category. Besides clinical and cliagmostic problerns, the rnicroinvasive cervical cancer presents morphological peculiarities. To investigate the clinieal and pethological aspects of micrenvasive eervical carcinornn, a retrospective study was made on 40 cases, histologically reconfirrned surgical specimens, which had been treated during the period from March, 198I3 to March, 1992 at, Departrnent of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pusan Paik Hospital, Inje University. The results obtained were as follows ; 1. Mean age of 40 patents was 44.6 year old, all were rnultipatous. Nineteen cases helonged to I s, and 21 cases to I a2. 2. Main presenting symptoms were leukorr hea and/or genital bleeding and the majority of patients showed cervical erosion on groas finding, 3. The corresponding rate of Pap, smear to histologic diagnosis was approximately 67.5%, However, corresponding rate within one histologie grade was about 85%. 4, Aecording to the eolpuacapie examination, less than half of the examined cases revealed suspected abnormal findings suggeeting invasive lesion. 5. As to the reports of punch biopsy, 64.8% of cases showed microinvasive and/or inuasive lesian. With additional diagnostic conization of cervix, the preoperative diagnosis were correct in 82.5%. 6. Histopathological reevaluatin ef surgiral specimens revealed positive correlation between depth of stromal invasion and width of leaior, confluent growth pattern, numher of invasive foci, and invasion of capillary-like spaee, respectively.
Biopsy ; Busan ; Cervix Uteri* ; Conization ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Gynecology ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Obstetrics ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

Calcaneal fractures of 82 feets in 68 patients which were treated at the Dept. of Orthopedic Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital since 1974 to 1978 were cllnically analysed, and the following results were obtained. 1. Of 68 patient 50 patients were male and 18 female. Their ages ranged from 9 to 58 years and averaged 33 years. 2. Fourteen patients had both calcaneal fractures, and the spine fractures were associated in 14 patients with calcaneal fractures. 3. Of 82 fractures 50 fractures were Rowe's type 5. Of these type 5 fracture 14 cases of tongue type were treated by axial pin flxation and favourable result were obtained. All the other types of fractures were treated conservatively. 4. After treatment, the most common complication after treatment was presistant foot pain. The commonest site of residual pain was beneath the lateral malleculus. Of 82 fractures 22 cases had this complaint. This residual pain occured in the seventeen cases type 5 fracture. 5. Residual flat foot deformity and weakness of triceps power were clinically not significant if the residual foot pain is nat associated with those two factors.
Clinical Study ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Female ; Flatfoot ; Foot ; Humans ; Male ; Orthopedics ; Spine ; Tongue

Synovial sarcoma is a highly malignant tumor which arises from synovial tissue derived from mesothelium and its occurrence is very rare. Furthermore, congenital synovial sarcoma which developed from aggressive deposition of tumor cells during intra-uterine fetal life is extremely rare. Authors present a case of congenital synovial sarcoma which is found in the right ankle of one month old boy, because of its rarity of occurrence.
Ankle ; Epithelium ; Humans ; Male ; Sarcoma, Synovial

Two cases of acquired absence of forearm bone secondary to compound comminuted fractures were treated by reconstructive surgery, which consist of surgical construction of one-bone forearm. The results of treatment were referred and the review of the literature was done concerning about surgical reconstruction of one-bone forearm.
Forearm ; Fractures, Comminuted

The Waltons method-a method of dynamic reconstruction of old ligament injuries of the knee and a combination procedure of O'Donoghue, Bosworth, and Slocum-was introduced with one case experience. This method seemed to be better than other reconstructive procedures, especially in the aspect of rotatory and valgus instability of the knee.
Knee ; Ligaments ; Methods

No abstract available.
Ichthyosiform Erythroderma, Congenital*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging findings of cerebral venous angiomas, and to compare those findings with those of cerebral angiography. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed the findings of gadolinium-enhanced MR images of 11 cases with angiographically proved cerebral venous angiomas. We obtained Tl-and T2-weighted images with gadoliniumenhanced Tl-weighted images at a 0.5 T MR imager with a spin-echo technique. We analyzed the location and signal intensity of the lesion, pattern of contrast enhancement, the distribution of draining veins and medullary veins before and after contrast enhancement, and then compared with the findings of cerebral angiography. RESULTS: The characteristic central tubular signal void structure showed low signal intensity on Tl-weighted images and high signal intensity on T2-weighted images in all cases. After gadolinium enhancement, we could find a characteristic enhancement of all medullary and central veins in 7 cases. CONCLUSION: Gadolinium-enhanced MR image was useful in the diagnosis of venous angiomas especially in the detection of medullary veins. The invasive cerebral angiography could be replaced by this technique in this disease.
Central Nervous System Venous Angioma* ; Cerebral Angiography* ; Diagnosis ; Gadolinium ; Gadolinium DTPA* ; Hemangioma ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Veins

BACKGROUND: Relative changes of astroglial volume constitute the major part of brain edema, which is related to delayed neuronal damage. Several factors including glutamate may contribute to astroglial swelling. Intravenous anesthetic, ketamine was known to restore neuronal damage by inhibiting NMDA receptor activity. Therefore, we decided to investigate the effect of ketamine on the astrocyte swelling by glutamate in the present study. METHODS: To analyze cell swelling in vitro, glial cell line, U1242MG was used. The effects of glutamate (1, 2, 3 mM), and glutamate with ketamine (1 mM) on the regulation of astrocyte volume were achieved by flow cytometry system. To eliminate the dead cells from experimental cell suspension and to assess cell viability, fluorescent dye propidium iodide was used. RESULTS: Glutamate addition (1, 2, 3mM) caused astroglial swelling both in calcium present and calcium absent buffer. The difference of cellular swelling dependent on glutamate concentration was only seen in calcium free buffer (p<0.05). Ketamine per se did not affect astroglial volume. However, when it was added to glutamate perfusion, 1 mM ketamine diminished cellular swelling by glutamate during first 10 minutes (p<0.05), and cellular shrinkage by glutamate after 1 hour incubation (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Ketamine (1 mM) is effective in the regulation of astroglial volume alterations induced by glutamate in both short time and long time perfusion.
Astrocytes ; Brain Edema ; Calcium ; Cell Survival ; Flow Cytometry ; Glutamic Acid* ; Ketamine* ; N-Methylaspartate ; Neuroglia ; Neurons ; Perfusion ; Propidium

PURPOSE: To establish signal intensity characteristics of the trachea according to the histologic layers, we performed in vivo and in vitro MR studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed MR imaging of the trachea at 1.5T unit in 11 patients mediastinal masses, vascular anomalies, tracheal stenosis or iatrogenic tracheoesophageal fistula, aryepiglottic fold thickening or mass, tracheal carcinoid, one healthy volunteer and one cadaveric trachea. By using anterior, volume neck or 3 inch dual coil with various pulse sequences, axial and coronal images of the trachea were obtained. The tracheal layers with different signal intensity on MR images were correlated with the histology. RESULTS: In vivo and in vitro MR studies revealed two layers of the trachea ;the inner layer had intermediate to high signal and the outer had low signal. The tracheal cartilage showed low signal intensity in all pulse sequences. The submucosa appeared as intermediate signal intensity on T1 weighted images but high signal intersity on other images due to its abundant mucous and mucoserous glands. However, the mucosa and perichondrium could not be defined on MR images. CONCLUSION: Characterization of the signal intensity according to the histologic layers of the trachea might be helpful for the evaluation of intrinsic lesions of the irachea or the possibility of tracheal invasion from the adjacent tumors.
Cadaver ; Carcinoid Tumor ; Cartilage ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Mucous Membrane ; Neck ; Trachea ; Tracheal Stenosis ; Tracheoesophageal Fistula