Cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis is a commonly encountered disease, expecially in adults, Differentiation from other lymphadenopathy and benign conditions such as cystic neck masses is important. CT findings of tuberculous lymphadenopathy in the abdomen and thorax are reported in many literatures. But there are only a few articles concerning cervical tuberculous lymphadenopathy. The authors retrospectively analyzed CT findings of 33 cases with cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis regarding distribution, contour, enhancing pattern, changes of adjacent fascial plane, and dermal and subcutaneous manifestations. We concluded that the presence of conglomerated nodal masses with central lucency, thick irregular rim of contrast enhancement and inner nodularity, varying degree of homogenous enhancement in smaller nodes, dermal and subcutaneous manifestations of inflammation such as thickening of overlying skin, engorgement of the lymphatic and thickening of adjacent muscles, and diffusely effaced fascial plane are suggestive of tuberculous lymphadenitis. However, some CT patterns of tuberculous adenitis may be seen in other disease; for example, enhancement can occur in hyperplastic nodes, vascular metastasis(thyroid, melanoma, and hypernephroma), lymphoma, granulomatous disease, and Castleman's disease.
Abdomen ; Adult ; Giant Lymph Node Hyperplasia ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Lymphadenitis ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Lymphoma ; Melanoma ; Muscles ; Neck ; Retrospective Studies ; Skin ; Thorax ; Tuberculosis, Lymph Node* ; Yemen

Aneurysm of the superficial temporal artery is rare. We reviewed seven cases of aneurysm of the superficial temporal artery, which were confirmed surgically and angiographically. The results were as follows: The most common site of aneurysm was left superficial temporal artery, major feeding artery was anterior branch of superficial temporal artery, mean diameter was 7.8mm×12.6mm, and all aneurysms showed lobulated margin with intraluminal filling defects.
Aneurysm* ; Arteries ; Temporal Arteries*

In order to search for anti-Herpes simplex virus (HSV) type-1 agents from Korean medicinal herbs and Korean traditional prescriptions (herb complexes), we selected 80 medicinal herbs and 45 prescriptions, based on a review of the Korean traditional medicine books. Both methanol extracts and boiling-water extracts were tested by means of the MTT assay (tetrazolium based colorimetric assay). Ten of the 125 methanol extracts: CM-11, CM-18, CM-19, CM-21, CM-22, CM-39, MM-3, MM-18, MM-29, MM-73 (see explanation of nomenclature below), showed efficacy against HSV-1. Twelve of the water extracts: CW-2, CW-3-I, CW-3-II, CW-18, MW-3, MW-5 MW-6, MW-12, MW-47, MW-69, MW-73 and MW-75 were active. #3 (individual herb) and #73 (individual herb) were interesting because both water and methanol extracts were active. Especially, #3 is a part of composition of Hong-il-laksamd ngbang and Hojanghaedokt'ang which have anti-HSV-1 activitives. The SI value of MW-69 and CW-18 was relative high as 10.2+/-0.7 and 11.8+/-2.2. The cytotoxic effect on Vero cells of Panch' n-ch' ngbang, Taraxacum platycarpum H. Dahlst. and acycloguanosine was determined by MTT assay. Water extracts of Panch' ngch' ngbang (prescription) and Taraxacum platycarpum H. Dahlst. showed very weak cytotoxic effects on Vero cells at > 100 mug/ml but acycloguanosine showed strong cytotoxic effects on Vero cells at > 100 mu g/ml. As a result, #3, #73, MW-69 and CW-18 are considered as potentially useful for anti-HSV-1 agent and will be the focus of further research. Abbreviations: CM - methanol extracts of traditional prescriptions; CW - water extracts of traditional prescriptions; MM - methanol extracts of individual herbs; MW - water extracts of individual herbs.
Abbreviations ; Acyclovir ; Herpes Simplex* ; Herpesvirus 1, Human ; Mass Screening* ; Medicine, Korean Traditional ; Methanol ; Plants, Medicinal* ; Prescriptions* ; Simplexvirus* ; Taraxacum ; Vero Cells ; Water

Intussusception is a condition of invagination of the proximal segment of bowel into the more distal receiving bowel. Intussusception is one of the common pediatric and surgical emergencies of infancy and childhood in Korea. Intussusception is the most common cause of acquired intestinal obstruction in infancy and childhood, and it needs emergency treatment. 1) On the age and sex distribution, the age under 15 month was the most common(70.6%), and the peak incidence was 3-12 months of age(60.1%). In sex distribution, male to female ratio was 1.25:1. 2) The seasonal distribution was summer(27.4%), spring, autumn and winter in order of frequency. 3) As to the etiology of Intussusception treated by surgery, idiopathic was the most common(75%). 4) The cardinal symptoms and signs were vomiting(72.5%), bloody or bloody mucoid stool(57.5%), abdominal pain(49.7%), abdominal distention(20.9%), abdominal mass(19.6%) and others in order of frequency. 5) On the hematologic finding, 60.8% revealed leukocytosis above 10,000/mm3. 6) As to the duration from the onset of the symptom to admission, 84.2% was within 24 hours, 9.8% was from 24 hours to 48 hours, and 5% was over 48 hours. 7) The common anatomical types were ileocolic(73.2%), and ileocecal(17.0%). 8) The success rate of air reduction was 84.3%. 9) In the method of operation, manual reduction was performed in 91.7% and intestinal resection in 8.3%. 10) The recurrence rate after air reduction was 12.4% and after operative manual reduction was 8.3%.
Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Emergency Treatment ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intestinal Obstruction ; Intussusception* ; Korea ; Leukocytosis ; Male ; Recurrence ; Seasons ; Sex Distribution

PURPOSE: This study evaluated the initial stability of different implants placed above the bone level in different types of bone. MATERIALS AND METHODS: As described by Lekholm and Zarb, cortical layers of bovine bone specimens were trimmed to a thickness of 2 mm, 1 mm or totally removed to reproduce bone types II, III, and IV respectively. Three Implant system (Branemark System(R) Mk III TiUnite(TM), Straumann Standard Implant SLA(R), and Astra Tech Microthread(TM)-OsseoSpeed(TM)) were tested. Control group implants were placed in level with the bone, while test group implants were placed 1, 2, 3, and 4 mm above the bone level. Initial stability was evaluated by resonance frequency analysis. Data was statistically analyzed by one-way analysis of variance in confidence level of 95%. The effective implant length and the Implant Stability Quotient (ISQ) were compared using simple linear regression analysis. RESULTS: In the control group, there was a significant difference in the ISQ values of the 3 implants in bone types III and IV (P<.05). The ISQ values of each implant decreased with increased effective implant length in all types of bone. In type II bone, the decrease in ISQ value per 1-mm increase in effective implant length of the Branemark and Astra implants was less than that of the Straumann implant. In bone types III and IV, this value in the Astra implant was less than that in the other 2 implants. CONCLUSION: The initial stability was much affected by the implant design in bone types III, IV and the implant design such as the short pitch interval was beneficial to the initial stability of implants placed above the bone level.
Linear Models

No abstract available in English.
Arthropathy, Neurogenic

Enflurane is metabolized in the liver by the hepatic microsomal enzyme system, cytochrome P-450 (P450IIE1) and induces enzyme system during enflurane exposure. Enhanced biotransformation might occur after enflrane itself and pathologic conditions, such as fasting, diabetes, chemical diabetes. Increased inorganic fluoride, one of the enflurane metabolites could impair renal function. The possibility of increased enflurane defluorination in the diabetic patient, group 1 (control, n= 6), group 2 (blood sugar level below 200mg%, n=6) and group 3 (blood sugar level above 200 mg%, n=5), was investigated by measuring the serum and urine F in the preoperative period and 1 MAC-hr, 2 MAC-hr, immediate postoperative and 24th postoprative hour. In the preoperative, iaunediate postoperative and 24th postoperative hour, the changes of renal function were measured by the BUN and creatinine. The results were as follows: 1) In the diabetic groups, serum fluoride ion increased significantly after enflumane anesthesia at a11 time intervals. Between control and group 3, there were significant difference of aerum inorganic fiuoride after enflurane anesthesia. 2) Urine fluoride levels increased significantly after enflurane anesthesia in all groups 3) There were no changes in renal function after enflurane anestheaia. Our study indicated that enflurane dose not harm diabetic patients.
Anesthesia ; Biotransformation ; Creatinine ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System ; Enflurane* ; Fasting ; Fluorides ; Humans* ; Liver ; Metabolism* ; Preoperative Period

BACKGROUND: The regression of the left ventricular hypertrophy after prosthetic valve replacement in patients with aortic valvular stenosis is an important factor to determine the appropriateness of the replaced prosthetic valvular size. Methods: To assess the regression of myocardial hypertrophy, a retrospective analysis of Doppler echocardiographic and electrocardiographic data was undertaken before, soon after (7.5+/-2.1 day), and late after (10.7+/-1.8 months) surgery in 36 patients (22 males, 14 female, mean age 54+/-12.1 years, mean BSA 1.61+/-0.15m2) with predominant aortic valvular stenosis. The patients underwent St. Jude Medical aortic valve replacement. By the size of the valves used, the patients were divided into three groups (19, 21 and 23+). RESULTS: The mean body surface area (1.48+/-0.13) in the patients with the 19 mm valve was smaller than that in the other groups (1.63+/-0.12) (p<0.05). No significant changes of ejection fraction were detected in all groups over time. Left ventricular muscle mass index (gm/m2) was reduced significantly in the 21 and 23+ groups over time (p<0.05), but there were no significant changes in the 19 mm valve group. The electric voltage height on EKG at the period of late after surgery was reduced significantly in all groups (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Despite clinical improvement, the LVH was not reduced significantly in 19 mm valve group. Thus we suggest that more attention and additional procedures such as annular enlargement should be taken in patients who will undergo the replacement of 19 mm prosthetic valve.
Aortic Valve ; Body Surface Area ; Cardiomegaly ; Constriction, Pathologic* ; Echocardiography ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Heart Valve Prosthesis ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular* ; Male ; Retrospective Studies

BACKGROUND: Reciprocal ST-segment depression in precordial leads is a common finding in acute inferior myocardial infarction. The responsible mechanism and the significance of this finding, however, are still controversial. METHODS: Clinical characteristics, serial eletrocardiograms, angiographic findings of coronary artery and left ventricle were reviewed in 33 patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction. Reciprocal ST-segment depression was defined as ST-segment depression > or =1.0mm in two or more adjacent chest leads, I and aVL in patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction showing ST-segment elevation in II, III, aVF. Coronary angiography and left ventriculography were performed 15,2+/-16.9 hours after arrival. RESULTS: Eleven patients did not have reciprocal ST-segment depression(group A) and 22 patients had reciprocal ST-segment depression(group B). There was no significant difference in the demographic data of the patients except age and peak CK-MB, which were significantly higher in group B than group A. Left anterior descending coronary artery(LAD) stenosis was significantly more frequent in group B than group A(54.5% vs 18.2%, p<0.05). However the distribution of left ventricular regional wall motion abnormality and global ejection fraction showed no difference between two groups. In addition, there was no difference in in-hospital complications. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that reciprocal ST-segment depression in acute inferior myocardial infarction can be explained by anterior ischemia due to concomitant LAD stenosis in some cases, but its clinical significance is limited at least in terms of in-hospital complications.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Stenosis* ; Coronary Vessels* ; Depression* ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction* ; Ischemia ; Thorax

BACKGROUND: Trimetazidine(Vastinan(R)) is a new antianginal agent of different action mechanism specifically targeted at the metabolic cellular consequences of myocardial ischemia. The clinical efficacy of the Trimetazidine in angina pectoris is still to be defined. METHOD: To determine the antianginal effect of trimetazidine in the treatment of ischemic heart disease, 15 patients with stable angina(12 male, 3 female, mean age : 59.3 years) were studied. In 6 cases as a single agent and in 9 cases as an additive regimen to conventional antianginal medications. Trimetazidine(20mg 3 times daily) was given for 30 days or more to evaluate the clinical effect. Graded exercise tests were carried out before the trial of Trimetazidine and on the 30th day of the treatment period. RESULTS: 1) The number of episodes of anginal attacks decreased from 4.2+/-2.7 to 2.0+/-0.5 a week(p<0.05) after treatment with Trimetazidine. 2) Trimetazidine also significantly increased the duration of total exercise from 12.1+/-4.7 min to 14.5+/-3.3 min(p<0.05), and the time to 1mm ST segment depression from 7.7+/-5.9 min to 11.7+/-5.2 min(p<0.05) on treadmill exercise by modified Bruce protocol. 3) Total workload (METs) and rate pressure double product(heart rate x systolic blood pressure) slightly increased, but the differences were not significant statistically. 4) No serious clinical side effects were observed during the treatment. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the Trimetazidine is an effective and safe as an antianginal drug in the treatment of stable angina patients as a single agent and as an additive regimen when the patients are refractory to conventional drugs.
Angina Pectoris ; Angina, Stable* ; Depression ; Exercise Test ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Trimetazidine