In the present study, we investigated the differences in the levels of expression of virulence factors between blood isolates of Candida albicans and commensal strain isolated from the oral cavities of health volunteers, and correlations between virulence factors. Blood isolates of 33 and commenal isolates of 71 were characterized by putative virulence factors such as proteinase production (PROT), an ability to adhere to epithelial cells (ADH), cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH), phospholipase production (PLASE), and hyphal transition (GERM). In PROT, ADH, CSH, and PLASE, the means of expression of blood isolates were higher compared with those of commensal isolates, however statistical significance was only shown in CSH (p=0.036). On the contrary, mean expression of GERM of blood isolates was lower than that of commensal isolates. Of relationships between virulence factors, although a negative correlation of PROT with CSH was obtained, the correlation was relatively low (r=-0.316, p=0.001). These results suggest that higher expression of CSH is a more distinguishing character in virulent blood isolates of C. albicans and that the expression of virulence factors are independent.
Candida albicans* ; Candida* ; Epithelial Cells ; Healthy Volunteers* ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Phospholipases ; Virulence Factors ; Virulence* ; Volunteers

PURPOSE: To develop an efficient journal searching program. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A graphic user interface oriented program was developed with Microsofts Access 2.0 and its Deveolper Tool Kit under the Windows system. The program needed four floppy diskettes {4.5 megabyte) for in stallment. With the author, title, journal name, volume and pages, index words, and abstracts from JKRS and JKSMU as the input data, the utility of the program was tested for its journal searching ability in 486 DX II with 8 megabyte main memory. RESULT: The author, titlie, index word, abstract, and variable queries were carried out from 3,200 articles within 13 seconds. The test of the program satisfied and useres, radiologists, and physicians. CONCLUSION: The program is recommended for seaching of journals as it is very eary to use and userfriendly.
Abstracting and Indexing as Topic* ; Humans ; Memory ; Microcomputers*

PURPOSE: The importance of trace elements in their effect on the physiology and pathology of the central nervous system is well recognized. Changes in the concentrations of these elements in the brain could take place in pathological states. Recently, a greater emphasis has been given to the role of trace elements in the function of the nervous system both in normal and pathological conditions. The past experiments from animal demonstrate that Na+-K+-ATPase inhibition, particularly in the hippocampus, is involved in epileptogenicity. Zinc is the most potent inhibitor of Na+-K+-ATPase followed closely by copper. Zinc modulates the activity of glutamic acid decarboxylase, the rate limiting enzyme in the synthesis of -aminobutyric acid (GABA), which is a major inhibitory neurotransmitter. There are few reports of zinc and copper concentrations in normal CSF and in CSF from patients with neurological diseases. The aim of this study was designed to determine the zinc and copper concentrations and their correlation with protein in CSF of pediatric patients with neurologic disorders. METHODS: The study population was 43 patients who had admitted to Kang Nam Sacred Heart Hospital of Hallym University from March to June, 1996 due to high fever, headache, vomiting, and seizure. All patients were examined CSF study, 32 patients (group I) were showed abnormal CSF and seizure disorders including febrile convulsion and 11 patients (group II) were showed normal CSF and clinical symptoms of febrile illness. Zinc and copper concentrations in CSF were determined with flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. In addition, CSF zinc and copper concentrations in normal CSF proteingroup (group A) and in increased CSF protein group (group B) were determined to investigate probability that the damaged blood-brain-barrier permits the passage of zinc and copper into the subarachnoid space. RESULTS: 1) The CSF zinc concentrations in group I and II were 9.40+/-6.18 and 7.39+/-5.48microgram/dl, and the CSF copper concentrations in group I and II were 4.86+/-7.07 and 2.93+/-1.45microgram/dl, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the CSF zinc and copper concentrations between the two groups. 2) The CSF zinc concentrations in group A and B were 7.21+/-4.96 and 11.24+/-7.32microgram/ dl, and the copper concentrations in group A and B were 3.31+/-2.15 and 5.59+/-9.46microgram/dl, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the CSF zinc and copper concentrations between the two groups. 3) There was a significant positive correlation between the CSF zinc and copper concentrations as well as between the CSF zinc and protein concentrations. But there was no significant correlation between the CSF copper and protein concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: There was no statiscally significant defference in the CSF zinc and copper concentrations between neurologic disorders and febrile diseases. Increased CSF zinc and copper concentrations in increased CSF protein groups were not found. But there were some correlation between zinc, copper, protein levels in CSF. These results do not support assumption that damaged BBB permits the passage of the zinc, copper into the subarachnoid space.
Animals ; Brain ; Central Nervous System ; Cerebrospinal Fluid* ; Child* ; Copper* ; Epilepsy ; Fever ; Glutamate Decarboxylase ; Headache ; Heart ; Hippocampus ; Humans ; Nervous System ; Nervous System Diseases* ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; Pathology ; Physiology ; Seizures ; Seizures, Febrile ; Spectrophotometry, Atomic ; Subarachnoid Space ; Trace Elements ; Vomiting ; Zinc*

No abstract available.
Salmonella*

OBJECTIVE: To assess retrospectively the feasibility of intraoperative intraperitoneal (IP) chemotherapy with cisplatin in epithelial ovarian cancer. METHODS: IP chemotherapy during optimal staging surgery was performed in 10 patients who were diagnosed with primary epithelial ovarian cancers between April 2008 and February 2011. Cisplatin (70 mg/m2 in 1 L normal saline solution) was administered in the abdominal cavity for 24 hours postoperatively and then adjuvant chemotherapy was started 2-4 weeks after surgery. Perioperative toxicity of the combined treatment was evaluated until the initiation of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. RESULTS: A total of 23 adverse events were observed in 9 of 10 patients (grade 1, 7; grade 2, 13; grade 3, 3; grade 4, 0). In descending order of frequency, adverse events affected the gastrointestinal system (n=14), hematologic system (n=6), pulmonary system (n=2), and genito-urinary system (n=1). The adverse events did not affect adjuvant systemic chemotherapy schedules. One patient experienced disease recurrence in the liver 16 months after surgery. The remaining 9 patients have been well controlled by chemotherapy and/or observation during the follow-up period of 4 to 39 months after surgery. CONCLUSION: Intraoperative IP chemotherapy with cisplatin during surgical procedures is considered feasible for the treatment of primary epithelial ovarian cancer. Further studies, including long-term, prospective and comparative trials, are needed to validate the efficacy of this combined therapy.
Abdominal Cavity ; Appointments and Schedules ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Cisplatin ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Liver ; Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are rare tumers of the alimentary tract, and these tumors arise from primitive mesenchymal cells. Duodenal GISTs comprise 4-5% of all GISTs. In this article, we report on a case of duodenal GIST in 35-year-old male who presented with a fistulo in ano and anal bleeding. Abdominal computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a huge tumor, about 11x7 cm in size, of the duodenum. Duodenoscopy revealed a protruded mass with central deep ulceration on the third portion of the duodenum. Endoscopic biopsies showed subepithelial spindle cell proliferation of the tumor, and this was consistent with GIST. Pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy was then performed. He subsequently underwent the sphincter-preserving modified loose Seton surgical technique. The patient did not have any problems postoperatively and he remained symptom-free at 6 months after surgery.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Cell Proliferation ; Duodenoscopy ; Duodenum ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Pancreaticoduodenectomy ; Ulcer

Melanosis can affect various parts of the gastrointestinal tract. Melanosis of the colon is not uncommon, while melanosis of the ileum is extremely rare. We report a case of melanosis ilei associated with chronic ingestion of oral iron (256 mg of ferrous sulfate once or twice daily for approximately 5 years) in a 32-year-old woman with end-stage renal disease. The findings of a colonoscopy, which was performed as a part of her medical checkup, were normal up to the cecum; however, numerous brownish-black punctuate pigmentations of the ileal mucosa were observed. Microscopic examination revealed hemosiderosis in the lamina propria of the ileal mucosa, particularly at the tips of villi. The diagnosis of melanosis (hemosiderosis) ilei was made based on the endoscopic and histological findings.
Adult ; Colon ; Colonoscopy ; Eating ; Female ; Ferrous Compounds ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Hemosiderin ; Hemosiderosis ; Humans ; Ileum ; Iron ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Melanosis ; Mucous Membrane ; Pigmentation

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EG) is characterized by eosinophilic infiltration of the bowel wall and variable gastrointestinal manifestations. Clinicians should have a high index of suspicion for EG when faced with gastrointestinal symptoms and peripheral eosinophilia to avoid incorrect diagnosis and inappropriate treatments. A 24-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital complaining of acute right lower quadrant abdominal pain and a laparoscopic appendectomy performed for a presumed diagnosis of an acute appendicitis. However, the procedure revealed bowel edema and a moderate amount of ascites without evidence of a suppurative appendicitis. Postoperatively, she showed persistent and progressive eosinophilia, exudative eosinophilic ascites, eosinophilic infiltration of the resected appendix wall, and eosinophilic infiltration of gastroduodenal mucosa. A punch biopsy of the abdominal skin also revealed inflammation with marked eosinophilic infiltration of the skin. She recovered after the treatment with a low dose of steroid for the EG with eosinophilic dermatitis. EG with eosinophilic dermatitis has not been reported yet and is considered fortuitous in this case.
Adult ; Dermatitis/*diagnosis/drug therapy/pathology ; Eosinophilia/*diagnosis/drug therapy/pathology ; Female ; Gastroenteritis/*diagnosis/drug therapy/pathology ; Humans ; Steroids/therapeutic use ; Young Adult

BACKGROUND: Although there have been multiple reports on surgical outcomes of superior labral anterior to posterior (SLAP) lesions in overhead athletes, only a few reports exist in the literature about the results of nonoperative treatment in elite (collegiate or professional) overhead athletes. To determine the clinical outcomes of nonoperative treatment of SLAP lesions in elite overhead athletes. METHODS: Between January 2006 and December 2011, 69 patients were selected. Initial arthroscopic SLAP repair was performed in 19 patients and of the 50 patients who underwent nonsurgical treatment, such as range of motion gain and periscapular muscle strengthening, 14 patients were converted to surgical treatment; 5 patients were lost to follow-up. Medical records of 31 elite overhead athletes who underwent nonsurgical treatment were retrospectively reviewed. Four clinical outcome measures were used: visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, VAS for satisfaction, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, and subjective feeling of recovery. RESULTS: The average follow-up period was 35.9 months (range, 24–62 months). The VAS for pain decreased from 6.5 to 2.2 (p<0.01) and VAS for satisfaction was 7.6. The ASES score increased from 54.1 to 85.9 (p<0.01). The overall average value of subjective feeling of recovery was 72%. Twenty-three out of 31 elite athletes (74.2%) returned to play after rehabilitation; these 23 athletes performed at the same or higher levels after rehabilitation. CONCLUSIONS: Nonsurgical treatment in elite overhead athletes with SLAP lesion should be considered as a treatment option.

Myoid hamartoma is an uncommon type of breast hamartoma and its recurrence is very rare. We report the imaging appearance of an unusual case of recurrent myoid hamartoma of the breast mimicking malignancy in a 43-year-old woman. Although the mammographic and ultrasonographic findings have long been described in the literature, MR finding with a dynamic study has not, to the best of our knowledge, been reported previously.
Adult ; Biopsy, Needle ; Breast Neoplasms/*pathology/surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Fibroadenoma/*pathology ; Hamartoma/*pathology/surgery ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/*methods ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology