No abstract available.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Abdominal*

The linear scratching wound was made gently on the corneal epithelium of rabbit with 21 gauge needle under an operating microscope. Impression cytology was performed at 30 minutes, 1, 2, 3 and 4 hour and 1, 2, 3 and 4 day after 0.5% tetracaine drops under an operating microscope. The filter paper was stained with hematoxylin and eosin. At 30 minute post-scratching, a few polymorphonuclear leukocytes appeared on the scratched cornea at 3 eyes (30%). At 3 and 4 hour, numerous polymorphonuclear leukocytes with corneal epithelial cells appeared on the scratched conea. By 3 day, no inflammatory cells were shown on the filter paper in all eyes. These findings suggest that the polymorphonuclear leukocytes could infiltrate on the corneal lesion at 30 minute post-scratching and the inflammatory cells might act even on the minute corneal lesion such as corneal erosion.
Cornea ; Eosine Yellowish-(YS) ; Epithelial Cells ; Epithelium, Corneal ; Hematoxylin ; Needles ; Neutrophils* ; Tetracaine ; Wounds and Injuries*

Keratic precipitates are deposits of material on the posterior surface of the cornea, which is a relatively common phenomenon in a variety of circumstances both physiological and pathological. Inflammatory cells and uveal pigment in the aqueous show a strong tendency to adhere to one another and to the corneal endothelium, thus forming fine or large deposits. We observed the several kinds of keratic precipitates on the corneal endothelium by flat preoparation method. The character of the keratic precipitates observed in this study was composed of inflammatory cells, erythrocyte, pigment granules derived from the breakdown of red blood cells. In view of the accumulation of the pigment granules into the cytoplasm, it seemed that the endothelium might participate in phagocytosis or secondary changes in the various corneal disease.
Cornea ; Corneal Diseases ; Cytoplasm ; Endothelium ; Endothelium, Corneal ; Erythrocytes ; Phagocytosis

In order to interprete the significance of the vacuolation found in the corneal endothelium, flat preparations of the corneal endothelium were made in human eyes aged from neonate to 72 year. The result were as follows. 1. The endothelial vacuoles were more frequent with the increase in the time of the post-mortem delay. 2. The endothelial vacuoles were more prevalent in aged. 3. The vacuoles in the endothelium were more easily formed in the peripheral area than the central area. 4. Gross vacuolation found in the corneal endothelium was shown to be the result of post mortem degeneration.
Endothelium ; Endothelium, Corneal* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Vacuoles*

No abstract available.
Alopecia Areata* ; Alopecia* ; Bone Density*

Tuberous sclerosis is an autosomal dominant disorder of cellular differentiation that affect the brain, skin, heart, kidney and other organs. We experienced three cases of tuberous sclerosis that affect multiple organs in mother and two daughters. We report these cases with brief review and related literatures.
Brain ; Heart ; Humans ; Kidney ; Mothers* ; Nuclear Family* ; Skin ; Tuberous Sclerosis*

The clinico-pathological observation was done on 28 children with recurrent hematuria, who had been admitted to the Pediatric ward of NMC from January 1981 to July 1991. The results were as follows; 1) Most of the children with recurrent hematuria were over 6 years of age(24 cases, 85.7%)and the sex ratio was about 2.5:1. 2) IgA nephropathy (17 cases, 60.7%) was the leading pathologic lesion and mild focal nonspecific glomerulonephritis (5 cases), membranous nephropathy (2 cases), minimal chage (2 cases), Alport syndrome (1case), abnormal glomerular basement membrane (1 case) followed. 3) Types of recurrent hematuria ware gross in 22 cases and microscopic in 6 cases. Flank pain was noted only 1 case. The prodromal events of hematuria were upper respiratory infection in 15 cases and severe exercise in 2 cases. 4) There were no significant differences in clinical features and laboratory findings between IgA nephropathy and other pathologic lesions, except for higher frequency of proteinuria in former group. 5) During the follow-up periods, three cases were resulted in chronic renal failure and they were two cases of IgA nephropathy Class IV and one case of Alport syndrome. And one case of IgA nephropathy was resulted in nephrotic syndrom.
Child ; Flank Pain ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glomerular Basement Membrane ; Glomerulonephritis ; Glomerulonephritis, IGA ; Glomerulonephritis, Membranous ; Hematuria* ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Nephritis, Hereditary ; Proteinuria ; Sex Ratio

PURPOSE: Cyclodialysis clefts occur when the meridional ciliary muscle fibers become separated from the scleral spur, thereby providing a new drainage pathway of aqueous humor into the suprachoroidal space. Although the mechanism by which cyclodialysis lowers IOP is both of the hyposecretion of aqueous humor and the increased uveoscleral outflow, cyclodialysis clefts do not always cause hypotony. METHODS: The authors retrospectively analyzed the data of 9 eyes of 9 patients who had been diagnosed as traumatic cyclodialysis cleft by gonioscopic examination. RESULTS: Only 4 of the 9 eyes showed hypotony. This hypotony occurred 3 to 13 days (mean 7.3 days) after trauma. Conservative treatment combined with air injection was done in 4 patients with hypotony. In 3 eyes, IOP was normalized 7~10 days after the above treatment. The remaining one eye had an extensive cyclodialysis of 6 o clock and was treated with argon laser. But normalization of IOP was not achieved within the follow up period. Only cyclodialysis clefts of relatively small range were closed spontaneously or with only conservative management. Also posterior synechiae was found in one of the four eyes with hypotony, and was found in three of the four eyes without hypotony. CONCLUSION: Whether hypotony in cyclodialysis patients occur or not depends on the individual ability of scar formation in the cyclodialysis cleft against the anti-proliferative properties of aqueous humor.
Aqueous Humor ; Argon ; Cicatrix ; Drainage ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gonioscopy ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Retrospective Studies

Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance(MGUS) is one of the monoclonal plasma cell disorder. According to the recent reports, polyneuropathy associated with MGUS may be treatable disease due to potential relationship between the monoclonal protein and immune-mediated nerve damage. It is reported that plasmapheresis is highly effective in the treatment of polyneuropathy associated with IgG type MGUS. We present 53-year-old male with slowly progressive motor weakness and sensory change since 1 year ago. Electrophysiologic studies were compatible with demyelinating neuropathy showing conduction block and temporal dispersion in upper and lower extremities. Abnormal arc against anti-lamda on serum immunoelectrophoresis and M-band in the gamma region on serum protein electrophoresis were shown. After the combined therapy of plasmapheresis (5 times) and steroid, clinical and electrophysiologic findings were markedly improved. We report a case of demyelinating neuropathy associated with IgG lamda type MGUS, which showed good response to combined therapy of plasmapheresis and steroid.
Electrophoresis ; Humans ; Immunoelectrophoresis ; Immunoglobulin G* ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance* ; Paraproteinemias* ; Plasma Cells ; Plasmapheresis ; Polyneuropathies

PURPOSE: This study was performed to investigate the distribution of glycosaminiglycans by the activated retinal neuronal cell on the cultured retinal tissue. METHODS: The retinal tissue was obtained from the donor eyeball without the pathological findings of the retina. The dissected retinal tissue was cultured for 2 weeks in the culture media and reacted with ruthenium red dye to observe the glycosaminoglycans reaction with transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS: The histochemical reaction to ruthenium red on the cultured retina tissue was prominent on the internal limiting membrane, intercellular space between the axons and dendrites at the outer and inner plexiform layers and interphotoreceptor matrix. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that GAGs may be released into the extracellular spaces between the axons and dendrites, which modulate the retinal circuits.
Axons ; Culture Media ; Dendrites ; Extracellular Space ; Glycosaminoglycans* ; Humans ; Membranes ; Microscopy, Electron ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Retina* ; Retinal Neurons ; Retinaldehyde ; Ruthenium Red ; Tissue Donors