Varioua articles have been reported that extemal contactants were the cause Acne venenata. The daily use of cosmetics are tbe cause of Acne minor in adult wamen. To distinguish this from other type of Acne venenata due to extemal contactants Kligman had coined the term Acne cosmetica, which is a low grade persistant acneiform eruption with occasional papulopustulea in adult women. The authors have tested a wide range of available cosmetics(Total twenty including four kinds of cold cream species, two of cleansing cream species, three of nutrient cream species, six of lotion species, three of foundation make up species and two of foreign cosmetics) using the rabbit ear assay recently popularized by Kligman in order to evaluate comedogenic effects of various Korean ccsmetics. The results a.re as follows. 1. Among these twenty facial cosmetics, We observed no comedogenccicy in two facial cosmetics, mildly comcdogenecity in twelve facial cosmetics, moderately comedo- genecity in four facial cosmetics and severe comedogenecity in two facial cosmetics. 2. Histologic gradings were paralleled the findings of tbe naked eye in up to 65% 3. There were significant differences on comedogenecity between Korean cosmetics and foreign cosmetics which used by Kligman. 4. There were no significant diffrences between cold cream species, cleansing cream species. nutrient, cream species, lotion species and foundation make up species. 5, There were various differences among twenty kinds of every cosmetic specie.
Acne Vulgaris ; Acneiform Eruptions ; Adult ; Ear ; Female ; Humans ; Numismatics

In order to assess the epidermal glycogen in the epidermal hyperplastic disease, PAS(Periodic Acid Schiff) stain with or without diastase is used. Epidermal PAS positive reaction is significantly increased in psoriasis (90. 0%), verruca vulgaris (100%) and lichen simplex chronicus (100%) than control group (12, 5%) Epidermal PAS positive reaction is relatively increased in prurigo nodularis(66. 7 %) and chronic contact dermatitis (75%) Strong PAS positive reaction is noticed in 3 of 5 cases (60%) with verruca vulgaris, but none of 22 cases with psoriasis. It is suggested that epidermal glycogen epidermal hyperplasia and that the more glycogen accumulated. than control group (12. 5%) in 3 of 5 cases (60%) with verruca vulaccumulation is accompanied with the hyperplastic the epidermis is, the more glycogen accumulated.
Amylases ; Dermatitis, Contact ; Epidermis ; Glycogen* ; Hyperplasia* ; Neurodermatitis ; Prurigo ; Psoriasis ; Warts

No abstract available.
Adolescent* ; Humans ; Love*

One of the most difficult problems confronting the orthopedic surgeon today is what to do when faced with a large defect in a peripheral nerve. Recent advances in engineering and neurophysiology have improved our technical ability to understand the consequences of severing a nerve. We have treated a large traumatic ulnar nerve defect with microsurgical nerve graft technique. In a follow-up study of twehre monthes post surgery, the results were satisfactory.
Follow-Up Studies ; Neurophysiology ; Orthopedics ; Peripheral Nerves ; Transplants ; Ulnar Nerve

BACKGROUND: Early detection and treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is very important because CMN infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality after organ transplantation. CMV antigenemia assay has been reported to be very sensitive and specific for detection of CMV infection among many laboratory methods. However, there is no single method correlated well with the infection state up to now. We compared the results of SHARP Signal System Assay (Digene, USA) using PCR and hybridization with those of CMV antigenemia assay (Clonab CMV-kit; Biotest AG, Germany) to evaluate their clinical usefulness. METHODS: We performed SHARP Signal Assay on whole blood samples of 125 from 56 transplanted patients submitted for CMV antigenemia at Samsung Medical Center. We compared the results with those of CMV antigenemia and evaluated the correlation with CMV disease state. RESULTS: Fifty six patients were classified as three groups; 43 patients with no evidence of CMV infection, four patients with CMV infection and 9 patients with CMV disease. Twenty four cases (19.2%) showed discrepant results between the two methods. Of the 22 cases showing positive only by SHARP Signal Assay, two cases were proved to be CMV disease, 12 cases were on antiviral treatment and remaining cases had no evidence of infection. Two cases showing positive only by CMV antigenemia were confirmed to be CMV disease. For CMV disease, the sensitivity of SHARP Signal Assay and CMV antigenemia were 85.7% and 90.5%, respectively and the specificity of them were 73.1% and 93.3%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: CMV antigenemia is thought to be useful for early diagnosis and follow-up of antiviral treatment as a quantitative and highly specific method, and SHARP Signal Assay can be used as a complementary method because it correlates well with disease state.
Cytomegalovirus Infections* ; Cytomegalovirus* ; Diagnosis* ; Early Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Mortality ; Organ Transplantation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Transplants

BACKGROUND: Coagulase negative staphylococcus (CNS) spp. is a major pathogenic organism of nosocomial and community-acquired urianry tract infections, and causes infrctions in the immunocompromised host, and in particular, bloodstream infetions in patent with indwelling devices. High prevalance of methicillin resistance has been noticed in CNS which also have been recongnized as an important multidrug resistant pathogen. The optimal phenotypic method for detecting methicillin resistance still remains controversial, and new guidelines for detecting methicillin resistance of CNS was proposed by NCCLS in January 1999. We evaluated the relationship between mecA gene by PCR method and antimicrobial susceptibility tests according to the new NCCLS guidelines. METHODS: A total of 82 CNS isolates were examined for MICs and penicillin MICs by disk diffusion and agar dilution method according to NCCLS guidelines, and detections, and detection of mecA gene by PCR. RESULT: In disk diffusion method, 66 strains (80.5%) and 63 strains (76.8%) showed resistance to penicillin and oxacillin, respectively, and in agar dilution method, 71 strains(86.6%) and 53 strains (64.6%), respectively. In PCR method, mecA genes were detected in 49 strains(59.8%). Comparing with mecA gene detection by PCR method, the sensitivity of disk diffusion and agar dilution method was 95.8% and 89.8%, repectively. However, the sensitivity of disk diffusion and agar dilution method was 65.3% and 75.5%, respectively using previous NCCLS criteria. CONCLUSION: The new criteria of NCCLS detects the methicillin resistance induced by mecA gene more sensitively than previous one.
Agar ; Coagulase* ; Diffusion ; Immunocompromised Host ; Methicillin Resistance ; Oxacillin ; Penicillins ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Staphylococcus*

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to analyze industrial workers' stresses from physical symptoms, PWI, JCQ and tasks in classification of Sasang constitutions. METHOD: Data were collected from industrial workers in J Province from May 2003 to June 2003. Questionnaires were distributed and collected on the day of their physical examination. Collected data were analysed through chi2-test. RESULT: Health-related characteristics showed that most of smokers and drinkers were Taeumins and this result was statistically significant. Physical symptoms related to constitutions indicated that GI and neurologic symptoms are significantly more frequent in Soeumin. The percentage of subjects with moderate risk was high in order of Soyangin, Taeumin and Soeumin while the percentage of subjects with high risk was high in order of Soeumin, Taeumin and Soyangin. CONCLUSION: Through this study, Lee Jae Ma's theory was be confirmed compatible with disease characteristics. However, research with more various subjects and variables needs to be made.
Classification ; Constitution and Bylaws* ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Physical Examination ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the interrelationship between homocysteine and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) mutation in patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Homocysteine and MTHFR mutation were tested by fluorescent polarizing immunoassay and PCR-RFLP method, respectively. RESULTS: In patients with homocysteine level less than 5 mmol/L, there was no case of normal group but there were four cases of heterozygosity and one case of homozygosity. In patients with homocysteine level 5~10 mmol/L, the number of normal, heterozygosity and homozygosity group were eleven, eighteen and eight, respectively. In patients with homocysteine level 10~15 mmol/L, the number of normal, heterozygosity and homozygosity group were four, one and one, respectively. In patients with homocysteine level more than 15 mmol/L, there was no case of normal and heterozygosity group but there were two cases of homozygosity. CONCLUSIONS: Hyperhomocysteinemia due to MTHFR mutation is a cause of recurrent spontaneous abortion. And there was a significant relationship between homocysteine and MTHFR mutation.
Abortion, Spontaneous* ; Female ; Homocysteine* ; Humans ; Hyperhomocysteinemia ; Immunoassay ; Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2)* ; Pregnancy

BACKGROUND: The rapid emergence of multi-drug resistant pneumococcal strains has heightened the importance of reliable and convenient susceptibility testing methods. The newly-developed VITEK-2 (bioMerieux, Inc., Hazelwood, MO, USA) System includes the capability of performing rapid susceptibility testing of Streptococcus pneumoniae using specially configured cards. The objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of the VITEK-2 System for susceptibility testing of S. pneumoniae. METHODS: One hundred clinical strains of S. pneumoniae (18 penicillin susceptible strains, 32 intermediate strains, and 50 resistant strains) were tested, which had been isolated in Samsung Medical Center. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for penicillin, cefotaxime, erythromycin, ofloxacin, chloramphenicol, tetracyclin, and vancomycin were determined by broth dilution method and VITEK-2 System using AST-P506 cards. The results obtained by VITEK-2 System were compared to those obtained by broth dilution method. RESULTS: Overall agreement of MICs determined by two methods was 93.0% within the range of one dilution. The best agreement was achieved with vancomycin (100%), and in descending order, 99% with ofloxacin, 97% with erythromycin, 94% with chloramphenicol, 89% with cefotaxime, 88% with tetracycline, and 85% with penicillin. There were 1.9% of very major error, 2.0% of major error, and 8.6% of minor error. The mean time for generation of susceptibility results was 9.6 hours. CONCLUSIONS: VITEK-2 System provided rapid and reliable determinations of susceptibility category for most antibiotics and would be helpful as a substitution of existing MIC methods.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Cefotaxime ; Chloramphenicol ; Erythromycin ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Ofloxacin ; Penicillins ; Pneumonia ; Streptococcus pneumoniae* ; Streptococcus* ; Tetracycline ; Vancomycin

No abstract available.
Cystadenoma, Mucinous* ; Mucins* ; Pancreas*