Emergency cerclage commonly known as that performed in the setting of advanced cervical dilatation with bulging membranes and associated with significantly increased failure rates. We experienced a successful emergency cerclage for advanced incompetent internal os of cervix ( IIOC ). Pregnancy was prolonged and we delivered viable fetus. Hereby we report this case with the brief review of literature.
Cervix Uteri ; Emergencies* ; Female ; Fetus ; Labor Stage, First ; Membranes ; Pregnancy

No abstract available.
Child* ; Colon* ; Constipation* ; Enema* ; Fecal Incontinence* ; Humans

PURPOSE: The effect of surfactant treatment on inflammatory cell populations has not been determined. I evaluated the effect of surfactant treatment on a number and distribution of inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) from the preterm infants who were dependent on mechanical ventilation over the 1st week of life. METHODS: This study included 8 preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome(RDS) who received surfactant(Exosurf, 67.5mg/kg Dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine(DPPC) with a volume of 5 ml/kg, single dose)on their first day of life and 7 preterm infants of similar severity who did not. BALFs were collected on days 2, 3, 5, and 7 after birth. Cell counts were performed from the obtained BALFs, then they were applied to cytospin and Wright stain, and the differentials were calculated on 200 cells. RESULTS: Surfactant treatment had no significant effect on the number of BALF white cells on days 2-7. Polymorphonuclear cell numbers were not different in both groups on days 2 7. Macrophage cell numbers were higher overall in surfactant treated babies compared to those in untreated babies on days 2-7(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Surfactant treatment appeared to accelerate the appearance of macrophages in BALF.
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; Cell Count ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature* ; Macrophages ; Parturition ; Respiration, Artificial

The villous adenoma of the duodenum is a rare disease and a considerable portion of the cases are known to be associated with malignancy. Although the diagnosis can be made with duodenoscopy, some cases showed false negative rate for malignancy detection with endoscopic biopsy only. So Whipple's operation is preferred than local excision. We experienced a case of tubulovillous adenoma involving ampulla of Vater, which recurred after local excision. So we report a case of tubulovillous adenoma involving ampulla of Vater with relevant literature.
Adenoma* ; Adenoma, Villous ; Ampulla of Vater* ; Biopsy ; Diagnosis ; Duodenoscopy ; Duodenum ; Rare Diseases

No abstract available.
Child* ; Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Humans ; Infant* ; Poisoning*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of non-pharmacological interventions for preoperative anxiety in surgical patient. METHODS: The search included the following: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, CINAHL EMBASE, and Korean electronic databases (2000 to November 2018). Risk of bias in randomized studies was assessed using the Cochrane's Risk of Bias (RoB) tool for randomized studies and for non-randomized studies, the Risk of Bias Assessment tool for Non-randomized studies (RoBANS) was used. To estimate the effect size, meta-analysis of the studies was performed using the R program (version 3.5.1). RESULTS: Nineteen trials were included (1,685 participants). The non-pharmacological interventions for preoperative anxiety in surgical patient were music intervention, aromatherapy, and patient education. Specifically, the twelve studies showing the effect of music intervention on anxiety were heterogeneous (χ²=23.42, p=.05, I²=40%). The effect size was −0.77 (95% CI:−0.93, −0.60). The four studies showing the effect of aromatherapy on anxiety were heterogeneous (χ²=8.95, p=.03, I²=66%). The effect size was −0.83 (95% CI: −1.30, −0.36). The three studies measuring the effect of patient education on anxiety identified as homogeneous (χ²=1.95, p=.38, I²=0%). The effect size was −2.85 (95% CI: −5.00, −0.71). CONCLUSION This meta-analysis indicates that non-pharmacological interventions including music intervention, aromatherapy and patient education may have a beneficial effect on preoperative anxiety. Therefore, the findings of this study provide evidence to incorporate various non-pharmacological interventions into nursing practice to reduce preoperative anxiety.

Great efforts have been expended to compensate for nerve gap in the repair of a peripheral nerve injury. And yet, this nerve gap presents a great problem in surgical management. End-to-end anastomosis is most frequently used for repair of peripheral nerves, but the main problem is tension at the suture site. The purpose of this experiment is to observe the relationship between the tension and the nerve healing, when stretching is applied to the suture site of the peripheral nerve trunk. We used 25 rabbits of both sexes divided into 5 groups according to the nerve gap and the period of immobilization for this study. Gross and histological examination were used to compare the results of end-to-end suture under a tension and suture without tension. We concluded that: 1. The best results were obtained when end-to-end suture was done without tension. 2. Direct suture under a tension produced the results quite inferior to that of the suture without tension. 3. Better results were obtained from the group of immobilization, at least, for 4 weeks among the tension group. 4. Immobilization period may be prolonged according to the degree of the tension affecting the suture site. 5. Tension at the suture site causes proliferation of connective tissue.
Connective Tissue ; Immobilization ; Peripheral Nerve Injuries ; Peripheral Nerves ; Rabbits ; Sciatic Nerve ; Sutures

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Proper finishing and polishing enhance both the esthetics and the longevity of restored teeth. Blade finishing technique would be suited for smoothing and finishing. Evaluation of this technique are necessary. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the blade finishing and polishing procedures on the surface profile and roughness of ormocer-based composite resin and nanohybrid composite resin. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The material included a ormocer-based composite resin (Admira(R) & Admira(R) Flow); a nanohybrid composite resin (Grandio(R) & Grandio(R) Flow). One hundred forty specimens of each group were prepared using a mylar strip and randomly divied into blade finishing and rubber polishing groups (n=10). The average surface roughness (Ra) in micrometers was measured and the surface profile was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (Magnification X 200). The data were analyzed by Mann-Whitney Test at 0.05 significance level. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicated that the mylar strip produced the smoothest surface on all materials and among the finishing-polishing methods was not significanct difference (P>0.05). Ormocer-based flowable composite resin performedthe lowest variability in initial surface roughness among the tested materials.
Composite Resins ; Esthetics ; Longevity ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Polyethylene Terephthalates ; Rubber ; Tooth

Clinical features of corticobasal degeneration (CBD) can be characterized by an asymmetric akinetic-rigid syndrome with variable combinations of other deficits (corticospinal tract signs, supranuclear gaze palsy, cerebellar ataxia, cortical sensory loss, alien limb behavior, dystonia and myoclonus). Such unique combination of clinical features of CBD have lead to the general agreement that clinical diagnosis of CBD is reliable. We describe 6 patients presenting with clinical features compatible with CBD. Three had characteristic clinical features of CBD; one showed clinical features compatible with progressive supranuclear palsy, but also had apraxia and cortical sensory disturbances; one had an early CBD. The remaining one had clinical features compatible with CBD, but brain magnetic resonance imaging study showed multiple small lesions involving periventricular white matter and basal ganglia bilaterally.
Apraxias ; Basal Ganglia ; Brain ; Cerebellar Ataxia ; Diagnosis ; Dystonia ; Emigrants and Immigrants ; Extremities ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Paralysis ; Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive

No abstract available.
Coronary Vessels* ; Echocardiography, Transesophageal* ; Sinus of Valsalva*