The p53 protein was discovered in 1979 as cellular 53-kD nuclear phosphoprotein bound to the large transforming antigen of SV40 virus. P21WAF1/CIP1, which has been described as the critical downstream mediator of p53, is known to suppress DNA replication and arrest the G1 cell cycle by quaternary complex with cyclin D, cyclin-dependent kinase(CDK) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA). In these days, some studies shows that the p21 can be induced by independent pathways. There are various reports about the expression of p21 (67%.82.4%) in oral squamous cell carcinoma. But these studies are mostly done in malignant tumor not in benign tumor. So we decided to study the expression of p21 in ameloblastoma and the relationship between p53 and p21 as a downstream mediator of p53 in ameloblastoma. We investigated the expression of p21 and p53 with the method of immunohistochemistry. We selected 30 cases of ameloblastoma tissue blocks (acanthomatous type: 5 cases, follicular type: 8 cases, plexiform type: 17 cases) imbedded in paraffin. We used 30 cases of normal gingival tissues and 30 cases of squamous cell carcinoma tissues (SCC) respectively and compared their results with those of ameloblastoma. We made slides with the streptavidin-biotin methods and used monoclonal antibody DO-7 (Novocastra, Newcastle, United Kingdom) as p53 antibody and monoclonal antibody M7202 (DAKO, California, U.S.A.) as p21 antibody. We used Pearson's correlation coefficient to analyse the relationship. The results were as follows: 1. p21 was expressed in ameloblastoma about 30% and this is lower than that of normal gingiva and SCC. 2. In normal gingiva and ameloblastoma, p21 expression was correlated with p53 expression. 3. In SCC, p21 were expressed about 83.3% and this is more than that of p53. But there was no correlation between p21 and p53 expression. We confirmed p21 expression and relation with p53 in ameloblastoma. But, to confirm the function of p21, more studies about p21 expression in malignant ameloblastoma and ameloblastic carcinoma are needed.
Ameloblastoma* ; Ameloblasts ; California ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cell Cycle ; Cyclin D ; DNA Replication ; Gingiva ; Immunohistochemistry ; Paraffin ; Simian virus 40

A 13-year-old girl developed rice to nut-sized, bluish to slate-gray colored, depressed patches in a zosteriform distribution along the right side of her upper back and arm without any symptoms. Microscopically, the lesions showed a normal-appearing epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous fat tissue except for a thinning of collagen fibers and widening of intervals between them in the lower dermis. There have been no changes to the skin lesions during the last 2 years.
Adolescent ; Arm ; Collagen ; Dermis ; Epidermis ; Female ; Humans ; Skin ; Subcutaneous Fat

The primary treatment modality of malignant tumors of the nasopharynx is radiation therapy owing to its inaccessibility to surgical intervention. Over the last two decades there were many changes in techniques of delivery, which include the use of higher doses of radiotherapy, the use of wide radiation field, including the elective radiation of the whole neck, the combined use of brachy- and teletherapy, and the use of split-course therapy. In spite of these advances local and regional recurrences remain the major cause of death. As a boost therapy after external irradiation, high-dose-rate intracavitary irradiation using remote control afterloading system (RALS) was used in two patients. Our results were satisfactory, however, this procedure should only be performed by those who have developed enough expertise in the use of intracavitary techniques for the treatment of nasopharyngeal cancer and have a supportive team including a physicist, dosimetrist, nurse, and trained technologist.
Cause of Death ; Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; Nasopharynx ; Neck ; Radiotherapy ; Recurrence

OBJECTIVE: The study was performed to evaluate whether thallium reinjection (RI) distinguishes viable from nonviable myocardium among myocardial segments which showed persistent perfusion defect (PD) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied 22 patients underwent PTCA after AMI. SPECT was performed in all patients using dipyridamole stress- 4 hour redistribution (RD) followed by 24 hour RI protocols. Dysfunctional segs were classified into 5 groups: 1) normal, 2) reversible, 3) mild to moderate PD, 4) severe PD and 5) reverse redistribution (RR). All patients underwent follow up echocardiography after 4 months to assess regional wall motion (WM) improvement such as a criteria of viable myocardium. RESULTS: A total of 127 segs with abnormal WM was analyzed. Of 74 segs with PD, 17 (23%) showed enhanced uptake after 24 hour RI. Five of 17 segs (29%) with PD that responded to RI with enhanced thallium uptake showed WM improvement. WM improvement were seen in the 24 of 57 segs (42%) not responding to RI. All four segs (100%) with RR that responded to RI showed improvement. WM improvement were not seen in the 5 of 8 segs (71%) with RR not responding to thallium RI. Eleven (73%) of 15 segs with mild-moderate PD after RI showed improvement, but 33% of segs with severe PD after RI did not showed improvement. Segs with mild-moderate PD after RI and fill in after RI showed improvement in comparison to segs with severe PD after RI(p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that because only small proportion of PD showed further perfusion improvement after RI and predictive value by the uptake after RI was low, there was limited role of RI after myocardial infarction. Usefulness of RI could be found in segs showing RR responding to RI in AMI reflects viable myocardium.
Dipyridamole ; Echocardiography ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Myocardium ; Perfusion ; Thallium ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon

Churg and Strauss established the clinicopathologic features of allergic angiitis and granulomatosis. The condition is rare and is characterized by involvement of vessels of all sizes(including veins and venules), especially the pulmonary vessel. intra- and extravascular granuloma formation, eosinophil infiltration of tissue and an association with asthma and peripheral eosinophilia. Churg Strauss syndrome (CSS) involves the GI tract, the skin, the heart, the lungs etc. We report a case of CSS in 38 year old male patient, who presented acute peritonitis and who had had 4-year history of bronchial asthma. An emergency laparotomy revealed multiple impending perforations in small intestine. A skin lesion and neuropathy developed postoperatively. Microscopic exammination of the appendix and the skin lesion showed thrombs in the lumens of vessels, vasculitis and eosinophilic infiltration to the lesion and the vessel wall.
Adult ; Appendix ; Asthma ; Churg-Strauss Syndrome* ; Emergencies ; Eosinophilia ; Eosinophils ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Granuloma ; Heart ; Humans ; Intestine, Small ; Laparotomy ; Lung ; Male ; Peritonitis ; Skin ; Vasculitis ; Veins

Churg and Strauss established the clinicopathologic features of allergic angiitis and granulomatosis. The condition is rare and is characterized by involvement of vessels of all sizes(including veins and venules), especially the pulmonary vessel. intra- and extravascular granuloma formation, eosinophil infiltration of tissue and an association with asthma and peripheral eosinophilia. Churg Strauss syndrome (CSS) involves the GI tract, the skin, the heart, the lungs etc. We report a case of CSS in 38 year old male patient, who presented acute peritonitis and who had had 4-year history of bronchial asthma. An emergency laparotomy revealed multiple impending perforations in small intestine. A skin lesion and neuropathy developed postoperatively. Microscopic exammination of the appendix and the skin lesion showed thrombs in the lumens of vessels, vasculitis and eosinophilic infiltration to the lesion and the vessel wall.
Adult ; Appendix ; Asthma ; Churg-Strauss Syndrome* ; Emergencies ; Eosinophilia ; Eosinophils ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Granuloma ; Heart ; Humans ; Intestine, Small ; Laparotomy ; Lung ; Male ; Peritonitis ; Skin ; Vasculitis ; Veins

BACKGROUND: Vitiligo is considered as an autoimmune disorder due to the generation and presence of autoantibodies directed against melanocyte antigens in the patients sera. Previous studies have revealed an increased incidence of organ-specific autoantibodies in vitiligo patients. A number of studies have demonstrated an increased frequency of thyroid autoantibodies in vitiligo patients and vitiligo is commonly seen in patients with clinical thyroid diseases. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to investigate the incidence of antithyroid antibodies in vitiligo patients and to correlate the presence of these antibodies with factors such as sex, age, activity of the disease, duration of the disease and the type of vitiligo. Another aim of this study is to compare the incidence of abnormal thyroid function in those who have antithyroid antibody and those who don't. METHODS: One hundred and fifty seven vitiligo patients who visited vitiligo clinic in Samsung medical center from January of 1995 to November of 1996 were enrolled in this study. Detection and titration of antithyroid antibodies were performed by immunoradiometric assay. RESULTS: Among 157 patients tested, 17(10.8%) patients had antithyroglobulin antibodies and 10(6.4%) patients had antimicrosomal antibodies. Five patients had both antibodies. Statistically meaningful data are as follows; 1) Antimicrosomal antibody appeared less frequently in patients of childhood-onset. 2) Antithyroglobulin antibody was detected more frequently in active disease. Fifty nine out of 157 patients were examined for thyroid function. Four out of 22 patients with antithyroid antibody had abnormal thyroid function. None out of 37 patients without antithyroid antibody had abnormal thyroid function. CONCLUSION: The incidence of antithyroid antibodies according to onset age and activity is contradictory to previous reports, therefore large scaled study will be necessary to draw a conclusion.
Age of Onset ; Antibodies* ; Autoantibodies ; Humans ; Immunoradiometric Assay ; Incidence* ; Melanocytes ; Thyroid Diseases ; Thyroid Gland ; Vitiligo*

No abstract available.
Acetabulum* ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip*

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of ovat hyperthyroidism ar hypothyroidism has been estimated up to 5% in the general populatian. Subclinical hyperthyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism have pevalences of approximately 1% and 6%, ectively. The prevalence of hypothyroidism may be associated with excessive intake of iodine in iodine sufficient areas. Therefore, we assumed the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in Karea might be different from those af Western cauntries. However, thete have been no surveys to examine the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in Karea. We performed the study to investigate the prevalence of thyrotoxicosis and hypothyroidism in Korean adults. METHODS: This study was performed in 15019 subjects (8275 men, 6744 women; between 17 and 87 years of age) visited in health promotion center of Samsung Medical Center for 12 months in 1996. Serum T3, T4, and TSH concentrations were measured with RIA or IRMA using commercial kits. History of thyroid dysfunction and current medication were obtained from medical records. The criteria for thyrotoxicosis were TSH level below than 0.30 mU/L and increased T3 or T4 levels (T3 > 3.1 nmol/L or T4 > 152 nmol/L). Patients who had TSH level above than 5.0 mU/L and T4 level below than 77 nmol/L met the criteria for hypothyroidism. RESULTS: The prevalence of thyrotoxicosis was 5.5/1000 population (men 3.6/1000, women 7.7/1000) with peak prevalence in fifth decade. The prevalence of previously undiagnosed thyrotoxicosis was 4.0/1000 (men 2.9/1000, women 5.3/1000). The prevalence of hypothyroidism was 2.8/1000 population (men 1.1/1000, women 4.9/1000) with peak prevalence in seventh decade. The prevalence of previously undiagnosed hypothyroidism was 1.6/1000 (men 0.6/1000, women 2.S/1000). The prevalence of subclinical thyrotoxicosis was 12.4/1000 population (men 11.8/1000, women 13.0/1000). The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism was 18.2/1000 population (men 11.2/1000, women 26.7/1000) which frequency was increased with age. CONCLUSION: Although the prevalence of thyrotoxicosis and hypothyroidism was not significantly different from those of other countries, it was lower than expected and female preponderance is not significant. The prevalence of subclinical thyrotoxicosis and subclinical hypothyroidism was lower than those of other countries. The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism was higher in women and old ages. (J Kor Soc Endecrinol 14:301~313, 1999)
Adult ; Female ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Hyperthyroidism ; Hypothyroidism* ; Iodine ; Male ; Medical Records ; Prevalence* ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyrotoxicosis*

No Abstract Available.
Keratosis*