Synovial chondromatosis is a rare entity characterized by metaplastic cartilage formation within the synovial connective tissue and the shedding of loose bodies into the joint. Of the four cases of synovial chondromatosis, experienced by authors, three involved the knee joint and one the proxiaml phalanx of the left index finger. A huge chondroma was found in the knee joint of 2 years old boy and the other one in the proximal phalanx of the left index of 11 years old girl. Histological findings disclosed the metaplastic transformation of synovium into cartilage in all cases.
Cartilage ; Chondroma ; Chondromatosis, Synovial ; Connective Tissue ; Female ; Fingers ; Humans ; Joints ; Knee Joint ; Male ; Synovial Membrane

Ossification of the anterior longitudinal ligament of the spine was first reported by Dr. Forestier and Dr.Rotes in 1950. However, in no other countries but Japan there have been reports on the ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the spine which was first reported by Tsukimoto in 1960. About 45% of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the spine have a combination of ossification of the anterior longitudinal ligament and yet it is considered to be a variety of the spinal geriatric conditions, favorable to the cervical spine. The condition develops similar symptoms of cervical spondylosis. Authors report two cases of ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament of cervical spine of Korean nationals at St. Marys hospital, Catholic Medical College.
Japan ; Longitudinal Ligaments ; Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament ; Spine ; Spondylosis

No abstract available.
Chlorambucil* ; Nephrotic Syndrome*

Aiming to understand the actual grass roots of school health activities in Korea, a fact-finding wurvey was carried out through mailing between 1978-1979 and the study results were summarized as follows: 76.4% of school nurses were less than 30 years old and 58.5% were single. 76.4% of nurses graduated from junior nursing colleges 74.5% and 64.8% were not well oriented in their new jobs. Therefore 59.2% of surveyed schools had small size clinics (less than 355 square feet). Physical examination for pupils were carried out by general practitioners mostly (70.0%). However, the follow-up was done by nurses satisfactorily. Supportive and positive attitudes toward school lunch were different between school principals (35.0%) and classroom teachers (84.5%) in the schools. Principals criticized school lunch program as not helpful for the growth and development of school children (71.0%) and as a waste of budget (18.2%). 52.4% of principals and 31.5% of teachers respecctively explained that school lunch should be provided for all pupils on the one hand and on the other hand 28.7% of principals and 34.3% of teachers gave an other opinion which was provision only for those pupils wanting a lunch. Advantages of school lunch : convenient to cat (42.2%), tasteful food (29.6%) were pointed out and the disadvantages : food is of poor quality (40.3%), not tasteful (32.6%) were also pointed out. In the comparative study between the school lunch demonstration school and the control school (non-school lunch demonstration school and the control school (non-school lunch), height and weight increase of school children and serum protein level were different : however, these facts were either not significant or of minimal significance. In short, the path towards obtaining effective and desirable health services in Korea, of which the school lunch program is only part, is long and arduous and it will require patience and effort to realize this goal.
Adolescent ; Body Height ; Body Weight ; Child ; Female ; Food Services ; Human ; Korea ; Male ; School Health Services/supply & distribution* ; School Nursing/manpower

We report a case of coronary arteriovenous fistula in a female adult confirmed by aortography. The fistulous communication was between right coronary artery and right ventricle. This is the first case report of adult patient with coronary arteriovenous fistula in Korea.
Adult ; Aortography ; Arteriovenous Fistula* ; Coronary Vessels ; Female ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Korea

This research is focused on the attitudes toward dying and hospice. 4subjects groups are Ca. patient, Ca. patient's family, elderly, medical personnel. A 40 questionnaire was filled out by each participant. For this study chi-square and T-test was done. The results were as follows: 1. Telling the truth 61.2% of all subject groups agreed upon telling the impending death. About 40% of elderly group and cancer patient group were disagreed which is the highest percentage in all groups. Particularly medical personnel group were remarkably high in telling the truth. 2. Attitudes of medical personnels 43.3% of all groups agreed upon medical personnels prefer to avoid dying patient. In medical personnel group. 44% of respondents disagreed comparably higher than other group, But 37.3% of medical personnel agreed. It showed that medical personnels admitted their negative feelings toward dying patient in considerable degree. 3. Attitudes toward mechanical assistance for life-expanding or hopeless patient. 44.8% of all groups disagreed upon mechanical assistance for hopeless case. Elderly (54.9%) and medical personnels (50%) disagreed, which is higher than cancer patient (33.3%) and (22.8%) of cancer patient's family. 4. Special facility and educational preparation for dying patient. 67.4% of all groups agreed upon the needs of special facility for dying, 81.3% of medical personnels agreed which is highest percentage in all group. 5. Attitudes of family members of dying patient. 82.3% of all groups agreed upon the family members feel annoyed at dying patient. 34% of cancer patient's family member and 48% of cancer patients group agreed, but elderly group showed highest percentage (84%). 6. Perception of dying patient about imminent death. 58.3% of all group thought dying patients are aware of their impending death even though they had not been told. 77.3% of medical personnel agreed which is highest percentage in all group.
Aged ; Hospices* ; Humans ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Cyberspace be comes one of the most influential media for the formation of sexual identity, knowledge , and attitude of the adolesc ents. Online sex education program may help the adolescents the sexual development processes e fficiently and confidentially. Most of the online sex education programs are not truly interactive nor adaptive. Didactic education materials may not be sufficient to modify adolescents online sexual activities. Computer-patient dialogue programs can help to develop truly intera ctive online contents that adaptively a ccommoda te the persona lized needs of the adolescents. This paper describes the development and implementation technology of a Web-based dialogue system for the interactive online sex education. A threetiered database-backed Web system with browser-based dialogue editor, automatic script-code generator, automatic relationaldatabase schema genera tor, and integrated program development environment was produced and tested on the online sex education program. The Web dialogue system can also be used for online surveys, clinical trials, and electronic medical records. This approa ch can enhance collabor ation betwe en the consumer-or iented and the provider-oriented informa tion systems.
Adolescent ; Male ; Female ; Humans

BACKGROUND: Thromboxane A2 and endothelin-1 are the potent vasoconstrictors affecting pulmonary pathophysiology in response to whole body inflammatin following CPB. Aprotinin, as an antiiflammatory agent, may decrease the release of such vasoactive substance from pulmonary tissues, preventing pulmonary hypertension after cardiopulmonary bypass. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Ten mongrel dogs(Bwt. ac. 20kg) were subjected to cardioupulmonary bypass for 2 hours and postbypass pulmonary vascular resistance(0, 1, 2, 3 hours) were compared with prebypass level. The dogs were divided into 2 groups; control group(n-5) and aprotinin group(n=5). In the aprotinin group, aprotinin was administered as follows; 50,000 KIU/kg mixed in pump priming solution, 50,000 KIU/kg prebypass intravenous infusion over 30 minutes, 10,000 KIU/kg/hour postbypass continuous infusion. Prebypass and postbypass 0, 1, 2, 3 hour pulmonary vascular resistance were measured. At prebypass and postbypass 0, 90, 180 minutes, blood samples were obtained from pulmonary arterial and left atrial catherers for the assay of plasma thromboxane B2 a stable metabolite of thromboxane A2, and endothelin-1 concentrations. RESULT: The ratios of pustbypass over prebypass pulmonary vascular at postbypass 0, 1, 2, 3 hours were 1.28+/-0.20, 1.82+/-0.23, 1.90+/-0.19, 2.14+/-0.18 in control group, 1.58+/-0.18, 1.73+/-0.01, 1.66+/-0.10, 1.50+/-0.08 in aprotinin group ; the ratios gradually increased in control group while decreased or fluctuated after postbypass 1 hour in aprotinin group. There was statistically significant difference between control group and aprotinin group at postbypass 3 hours(P=0.014). Pulmonary arterial plasma concentration of thromboxane B2(pg/ml) at prebypass, postbypass 0, 90, 180 minutes were 346.4+/-61.9, 529.3+/-197.6, 578.3+/-255.8, 493.3+/-171.3 in control group, 323.8+/-118.0, 422.6+/-75.6, 412.3+/-59.9, 394.5+/-154.0 in aprotinin group. Left atrial concentrations were 339.3+/-89.2, 667.0+/-65.7, 731.2+/-192.7, 607.5+/-165.9 in control group, 330.0+/-111.2, 468.4+/-190.3, 425.4+/-193.6, 4.7.3+/-142.8 in aprotinin group. These results showed decrement of pulmonary thromboxane A2 generation in aprotinin group. Pulmonary arterial concentrations of endothelin-1(fmol/ml) at the same time sequence were 7.84+/-0.31, 13.2+/-0.51, 15.0+/-1.22, 16.3+/-1.73 in control group, 7.76+/-0.12, 15.3+/-0.71, 22.6+/-6.62, 14.9+/-1.11 in aprotinin group. Left atrial concentrations were 7.61+/-17.2, 57.1+/-28.4, 18.9+/-18.2, 31.5+/-20.5 in control group, 5.61+/-7.61, 37.0+/-26.2, 28.6+/-21.7, 37.8+/-30.6 in aprotinin group. These results showed that aprotinin had no effect on plasma endothelin-1 concentration after cardiopulmonary bypass. CONCLUSIONS: Administration of aprotinin during cardiopulmonary bypass could attenuate the increase in pulmonary vascular resistance after bypass. Inhibition of pulmonary thromboxane A2 generation was thought to be one of the mechanism of this effect. Aprotinin had no effect on postbypass endothelin-1 concentration.
Animals ; Aprotinin* ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Dogs ; Endothelin-1* ; Endothelins ; Extracorporeal Circulation* ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Plasma* ; Thromboxane A2 ; Thromboxane B2* ; Vascular Resistance ; Vasoconstrictor Agents

Bacillus species are aerobic, gram-positive, spore forming rods that are widely distributed in soil, dust, stream, and other environmental sources and are regarded as natural organism. But certain species of the genus Bacillus, most notably B.cereus, which is associated with food-borne illness, occasionally have been implicated in the occurrence of fatal illness and complication in a compromised host. We roport a case of pneumonia and bacteremia caused by B.cereus in an 81 year-old man, who had no obvious immunologic compromise. The condition was treated with combination of roxithromycin and gentamicin.
Bacillus cereus* ; Bacillus* ; Bacteremia ; Dust ; Gentamicins ; Pneumonia* ; Rivers ; Roxithromycin ; Soil ; Spores

PURPOSE: This study was aimed at assessing the difference of the prevalence of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia among rural and urban middle school students in relation to dietary habit. METHODS: With a questionnaire, blood samples were obtained from 439 apparently healthy rural and urban middle school students residing in Ulsan. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin level of 12.6 g/dL or less for boys and 11.9 g/dL or less for girls. Iron deficiency was defined as serun ferritin level less than 12 micrograms/L or/and transferrin saturation less than 14%. Iron deficiency anemia was defined as iron deficiency plus low hemoglobin. RESULTS: 1) In boys, the prevalence rate of anemia was 17.2%. Among these anemias, 5.4% were found to be iron deficiency anemia. In girls, the prevalence of anemia increased with age. The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia was 6.9%. 2) In girls, the prevalence rate of anemia in rural area was higher than that of anemia in urban area (12.6% in rural, 6.1% in urban, P<0.01). 3) The prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency in the students with menstruation was 10.6% and 33.1%, which was higher than the prevalence of 2.5% and 7.5% in those who did not have the menarche (P<0.001 and P<0.001, respectively). 4) Dietary intake of rural and urban middle school students was estimated lower in energy, iron than the recommeded dietary allowance (RDA). In girls, dietary intake of rural middle school students was estimated lower in iron, niacin, and vitamin C than that of urban middle school students. 5) Nutritional factors such as energy, carbohydrate, protein, and phosphorus showed positive correlation with RBC, hemoglobin (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: It is recommended to enforce the nutritional education to take enough iron in middle school students to reduce the high prevalence rate of anemia among pubertal students.
Anemia* ; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency ; Ascorbic Acid ; Education ; Female ; Ferritins ; Food Habits ; Humans ; Iron* ; Menarche ; Menstruation ; Niacin ; Phosphorus ; Prevalence ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Transferrin ; Ulsan*