No abstract available.
Autoantibodies* ; Incidence* ; Interferon-gamma*

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia is a rare heart muscle disorder of unknown cause that primarily involves the right ventricle. It is characterized pathologically by fibrofatty replacement of the right ventricular myocardium. Clinical manifestations include structural and functional abnormalities of the right ventricle, electrocardiographic depolarization/repolarization changes, and presentation with sudden death or ventricular arrhythmias of right ventricular origin. It is one of the important causes of the ventricular arrhythmia or sudden death among apparently healthy young people. We report a case of arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia with the review of the literature.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia* ; Death, Sudden ; Electrocardiography ; Heart Ventricles ; Myocardium

Diphenylbydantoin-induced movement disorders have been rarely reported. They include choreoathetosis, orofacial dyskinesia, asterixis, dystonia, and ballismus. A patient with epllepsy, who showed orofacial dyskinesia with toxic cerebellar syrnptoms after longterm use of diphenylhydantoin is presented. The involuntary movement rapidily disappeared with a reduction of diphenylhydantoin dose.
Dyskinesias ; Dystonia ; Humans ; Movement Disorders* ; Phenytoin

No abstract available.
DNA* ; Laryngeal Neoplasms*

Cemented total hip replacement is one of the established methods of treatment in various hip joint disorder in adults in spite of the high incidence of the complications. The authors report a clinical experience of 39 patients(47 hips) among the 111 patients (126 hips) who were treated with cemented total hip replacement from May 1973 to August 1985 at the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery of National Medical Center. The follow-up period ranged from 3 years to 11 years and 6 months with an average of 6 years and 9 months. The results are follows : 1. The functional results were good or excellent in 73% using Harris Hip Score. 2. The rate of mechanical loosening was 34.8% in femoral components, and 28.3% in acetabular components, and 19.6% in both components. 3. Average rate of socket wear was 0.243mm/yr in Charnley type prosthesis and 0.32mm/yr in Miieller type prosthesis. 4. Age, types of prosthesis, follow-up period showed stastical correlation with functional results(p<0.05). 5. Follow-up periods affected the incidence of radiographic loosening(p<0.05). 6. The relationship between follow-up periods and wear was stastically significant(p<0.05). 7. Septic loosening occurred in one case, who was eventually given Girdle-stone operation. 8. The rate of trochanteric non-union was 16.6% and ectopic bone formation occurred in 23.4%.
Acetabulum ; Adult ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Femur ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip ; Hip Joint ; Humans ; Incidence ; Osteogenesis ; Prostheses and Implants

Recently, the incidence of open fracture of tibial shaft has risen as a result of rapid increase in automobile and industrial accidents. The open fracture of tibial shaft is extremely difficult to treat and has a greater incidence of osteomyelitis, delayed union and nonunion. One hundred and forty two patients (146 cases) of the open fractures of tibial shaft were treated and managed at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hanyang University Hospital from May, 1972 to May, 1984. The results were as follows; 1. In 43.2% of all cases, ordinary culture test for open wound was positive and staphylococcus was predominant. 2. A relatively same rate of fracture union was shown in any portion of tibial shaft. 3. A better prognosis of the fracture type was shown in the oblique, transverse and spiral fracture than in the comminuted and segmental fracture. 4. According to the classification of Ellis, the higher delayed and nonunion rate was shown in major severity group than moderate and minor ones. 5. In minor and moderate severity group, the relatively same rate of fracture union was shown in conservative or operative treatment, but in major severity group, conservative treatment was better than operative treatment. 6. In upper 1/3 and middle 1/3 of the tibia, the relatively same delayed and nonunion rate was shown in conservative or operative treatment and lower 1/3 of the tibia, the high delayed and non-union rate was shown in operative treatment. 7. In comminuted, oblique and transverse fracture, the high delayed and nonunion rate was shown in operative treatment, but in other type of fracture, the relatively same delayed and nonunion rate was shown.
Accidents, Occupational ; Automobiles ; Classification ; Clinical Study ; Fractures, Open ; Humans ; Incidence ; Orthopedics ; Osteomyelitis ; Prognosis ; Staphylococcus ; Tibia ; Wounds and Injuries

Septic arthritis of the shoulder joint in a neonate is very rare. Damage to the growth plate and ossification center of the proximal humerus may lead to disability of the shoulder joint. Therefore, early diagnosis and proper treatment are very important. We treated septic arthritis of the shoulder joint in a 9-day old newborn baby by arthroscopic irrigation and debridement using a 2.4 mm wrist arthroscope instrument. We could achieve a satisfactory result by inspecting the inside condition of the joint directly, removing granulation tissues and debris and washing out the joint by arthroscopy.
Arthritis, Infectious ; Arthroscopes ; Arthroscopy ; Debridement ; Early Diagnosis ; Granulation Tissue ; Growth Plate ; Humans ; Humerus ; Infant, Newborn ; Joints ; Shoulder ; Shoulder Joint ; Wrist

During the lest 7 years 21 children with vesicoureteral reflux and neurogenic bladder dysfunction and 46 children with primary vesicoureteral reflux were followed. At the time of initial presentation, the mean age of the former group was 5.5 years and the letter group, 2.8 years. The grade of reflux and the nephropathy were more severe in the children with neuropathic bladder than in the children with primary vesicoureteral reflux But in the same reflux grade, there was no statistical difference in the nephropathy between the two groups. The children with vesicoureteral reflux and neuropathic bladder were managed with drug therapy, intermittent catheterization, urinary diversion and ureteral reimplantation. Radiological followup revealed that resolution or improvement of reflux occurred in 36 per cent of renal units managed by intermittent catheterization and 100 per cent in which the ureters were reimplanted. As in the non-neurogenic bladder successful management of reflux and prevention of upper tract deterioration can be achieved by conservative management as well as by ureteroneocystostomy.
Catheterization ; Catheters ; Child* ; Drug Therapy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Replantation ; Ureter ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic* ; Urinary Catheterization ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux*

PURPOSE: A transurethral incision of the ureterocele offers several advantages. This study investigated the clinical efficacy of a transurethral incision in a ureterocele. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty two children, 5 boys and 17 girls, received a transurethral incision as the primary treatment for their ureteroceles. Of the children, 12 had intravesical and 10 had ectopic ureteroceles. The initial presentations were abnormal findings in prenatal ultrasonography in 9 cases, fever in 7, UTI in 2, and others in 4. The median patient's age at the transurethral incision of the ureterocele was 3.3 months (range 0.2month to 4.1years). A cold knife or a 3-french Bugbee electrode was used. Their clinical courses were evaluated with a radiological and laboratory examinations. RESULTS: The transurethral incision resulted in the decompression of the ureterocele in 19 (86%), reflux to the upper moiety in 15 (68%), UTI in 2 (9%) and incontinence in 1 (4.5%). Eighteen patients (82%), 8 patients with an intravesical ureterocele and all 10 patients with an ectopic ureterocele, required secondary operations. A transurethral incision proved to be a definitive treatment for 4 (33.3%) patients with an intravesical ureterocele. Secondary operations were performed at 7.3 7.1months postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: An endoscopic incision may be advocated as a definitive treatment modality for some patients with an intravesical ureterocele. Furthermore, by safely delaying reconstructive surgery, the majority of children can benefit from an endoscopic incision of the ureterocele.
Child ; Decompression ; Electrodes ; Female ; Fever ; Humans ; Ultrasonography, Prenatal ; Ureterocele*

OBJECTIVEL: Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion has been successfully performed for many years using a variety of techniques. Recently, the concept of internal fixation has been applied to the lower cervical lesions. The need for postoperative immobilization, usually required to stabilize the patient while the fusion mass heals, is decreased or negated by internal fixation. In order to determine the effects of plate stabilization on maintenance of interspace height during postoperative period, we assessed the potential differences between anterior interbody fusion without plate and fusion with plate in patients with lower cervical lesions. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The authors analyzed the results of 76 patients with lower cervical lesions, who underwent anterior interbody fusion between May, 1991 and December, 1997. Of these, 36 underwent only anterior interbody bony fusion and 40 underwent bony fusion plus interbody fixation with plate system. RESULTS: In order to compare the difference of two groups, we investigated the pre- and postoperative interspace height, clinical outcomes, and radiographic fusion success rates. Anterior interbody fusion with plate was found to be superior to anterior interbody fusion without plate after anterior cervical decompression procedures with respect to maintenance of cervical interspace height(p<0.01), and radiographic and clinical fusion success rates. CONCLUSION: The authors concluded that the use of anterior plate fixation may provide added security to the nervous system before bony fusion occurs, may potentiate the maintenance of interspace height, may increase the probability of successful fusion, and may permit early ambulation.
Decompression ; Diskectomy ; Early Ambulation ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Nervous System ; Postoperative Period