PURPOSE: We retrospectively performed this study to evaluate the characteristic findings of maxillomandibular ameloblastomas on CT and MR imaging. MATERIAS AND METHODS: We reviewed histologically proved 12 cases of ameloblastomas, of which 7 cases were postoperative recurrent tumors. one of twelve cases was presumed ameloblastic carcinoma. Eleven cases were examined with CT and 3 cases with MR. RESULTS: The types were solid in 4, unicystic in 4, and mixed in the rest 4. CT and MRI of 11 ameloblastomas showed concentric expansile mass(n=11), cortical bone thinning and focal bone destruction by the tumors(n=9), well-margined, expansile destruction of surrounding sturctures(n=9), focal bulging of the tumors(n=6) and focal poorly-marginated invasion of tissue planes(n=4). Ameloblastic carcinoma showed ill defined irregular margin, aggressive invasion of surrounding structures and hematogeneous lung metastasis. Unerupted teeth or mural nodules were found in unicystic ameloblastomas. All three tumors examined by MRI showed isointensity to muscle on T1 weighted images and slight hyperintensity on T2 weighted images. The wall, septa and solid portions of the tumors were strongly enhanced on MR imaging. There was no difference in CT or MR finding between primary and recurrent tumors. CONCLUSION: Ameloblastomas showed solid, cystic or mixed pattern, and commonly well marginated expansile contour with local aggressiveness. Presence of mural nodules on CT in unicystic ameloblastoma with unerupted tooth was helpful in distinguishing ameloblastoma from dentigerous cyst.
Abdominal Pain ; Ameloblastoma* ; Ameloblasts ; Body Temperature ; Catheters ; Dentigerous Cyst ; Ethanol* ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Humans ; Kidney ; Liver ; Lung ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Recurrence ; Retreatment ; Retrospective Studies ; Sleep Stages ; Tooth, Unerupted ; Ultrasonography

No abstract available.
Hydronephrosis* ; Turner Syndrome*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the predictability of amount of hemothorax in the patients with blunt chest trauma, supine chest AP radiographs of 66 patients were reviewed and statistically analyzed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 66 patients, rib fractures were present in 53 patients, hemothorax in 46 patients, pneumothorax in 25 patients, and pulmonary contusions in 18 patients. Width and length of hemothorax were measured on supine chest AP radiograph, and were correlated with known drained amount of hemothorax. The presence and number of rib fracture, pulmonary contusion, subcutaneous emphysema, fracture of scapula and clavicle, and total opacification of hemithorax were also correlated with the drained amount of hemothorax. RESULTS: In multiple logistic regression analysis, width of hemothorax had the highest correlation with drained amount of hemothorax(regression coefficient 0.718, p value 0.00005). The presence and number of rib fracture, scapular fracture, subcutaneous emphysema were also correlated with drained amount of hemothorax. But length of hemothorax, pulmonary contusion, clavicular fracture, total opacification of hemithorax were not correlated with drained amount of hemothorax. CONCLUSION: Measured width of hemothorax in supine chest AP radiograph is the most reliable predictor for estimation of the amount of hemothorax, and may also be used as an indication for the application of closed thoracostomy in the treatment of hemothorax.
Clavicle ; Contusions ; Hemothorax* ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Pneumothorax ; Rib Fractures ; Scapula ; Subcutaneous Emphysema ; Thoracostomy ; Thorax*

No abstract available.
Mitral Valve*

PURPOSE: This study was designed to examine the effects of a weight control program on body weight and the sense of efficacy for control of dietary behavior in psychiatric inpatients. METHODS: A quasi-experimental design was used. Data were collected from March 1 to September 30, 2007. Female mentally ill patients in closing psychiatry ward of H University Hospital participated in the study (16 persons in the experimental group and 13 in the control group). RESULTS: The weight control program including diet therapy, exercise, education and behavior modification therapy decreased the rate of weight gain in female mentally ill patients taking atypical antipsychotics, and effectively increased a sense of efficacy for control of dietary behavior. CONCLUSION: Weight control program had a positive effect as a nursing intervention to decrease obesity and to increase the sense of efficacy for control of dietary behavior of psychiatric inpatients in psychiatric inpatients.
Adult ; Cognitive Therapy ; Diet Therapy ; Exercise ; Female ; Health Behavior ; Hospitals, Psychiatric ; Humans ; Inpatients/psychology ; Mentally Ill Persons/*psychology ; Middle Aged ; Patient Education as Topic ; Psychiatric Nursing ; *Weight Loss

The fate of testicular salvage in spermatic cord torsion depends on the duration of ischemia and the degree of torsion. Even though spermatic cord torsion (SCT) can occur at any age, it is rarely reported in older patients. If the physician does not pay close attention to this unusual situation, the lack of suspicion for SCT may result in a missed or delayed diagnosis. We report a very uncommon case of missed SCT occurring in a 63-year-old man.
Delayed Diagnosis ; Humans ; Ischemia ; Middle Aged ; Spermatic Cord ; Spermatic Cord Torsion ; Testis

In order to assess the difference of autonomic dysfunction according to the absence or presence of nephropathy in patients with NIDDM, tests for cardiovascular autonomic function were performed in 23 NIDDM patients without nephropathy(M : F 14 : 9, mean age 50+/- 8) and in 21 patients with nephropathy (M : F 13 : 8, mean age 57+/-12). Tests for cardiovascular autonomic function included the R-R interval changes in response to respiration, Valsalva maneuver, and lying-standing, the blood pressure changes in response to lying-standing and sustained handgrip exercise. The prevalence of autonomic dysfunction was different between the patients without and with nephropathy(69.6% vs 85.7%). For patients without symptoms suggesting autonomic neuropathy, the significant differences were found in the change of R-R interval in response to respiration(22.16+/-21.30 vs 11.73+/-10.83; p=0.0390), in the change of lying-standing blood pressure(10.63+/-9.70 vs 22.00+/-13.67; p= 0.0044) and in the change of blood pressure during handgrip exercise(16.89+/-10.28 vs 8.40+/-7.24; p=0.0065). These results suggested that autonomic neuropathy may occur more frequently in patients with diabetic nephropathy than diabetes mellitus without neuropathy.
Blood Pressure ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* ; Diabetic Nephropathies ; Diabetic Neuropathies ; Humans ; Prevalence ; Respiration ; Valsalva Maneuver

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to make empirical evidence for a community based case management program for the first episode of psychosis. METHODS: We provided a case management program for first episode psychosis patients and assessed their symptoms, function, insight, and satisfaction using Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), the Health of Nation Outcomes Scales (HoNOS), Scale to assess Unawareness of Mental Disorder (SUMD), Global Assessment of Functioning Scales (GAF), and Quality of Life scales (QOL) at baseline and after the program. We also evaluated the treatment maintenance rate and the changes of their developmental task achievement. RESULTS: Significant improvement was observed in all sub-domains of PANSS and significant changes were also observed in the areas of symptoms and function of HoNOS. Significant improvement was observed in awareness of mental illness itself and its outcomes. The treatment maintenance rate was 87.5%, including three patients who stopped their medication with the doctor's order. The rate of participation in meaningful social activities, such as school or job showed an increase, from 25% at baseline to 81% after the program. CONCLUSION: Results of this study demonstrate the possibility of community programs for prevention of relapse, improvement of symptoms and function, and facilitation of return to meaningful social activities of first episode psychosis patients.
Case Management ; Humans ; Mental Disorders ; Psychotic Disorders ; Quality of Life ; Recurrence ; Weights and Measures

BACKGROUND: Cryosurgery uses freezing temperatures to achieve specific effects on tissues, and this method has been used to treat various skin diseases for the last five decades. The modern cryosurgery is especially effective on the treatment of benign, premalignant and malignant lesions including keloid, hypertrophic scar and pigmented disease such as Ota nevus. The results of cryosurgery depend on such factors as types of cryogen, freezing and thawing time, and numbers of the freezing-thawing cycle. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to show differences among groups of disease, sites of treatment and applying methods through comparing freezing and thawing time. And specifying the optimum applying methods for the treatment of each specific disease is studied. METHOD: To attain the goal of the study, operation records of 224 patients, who received cryosurgical treatment at the Ewha Woman's University Dongdaemoon Hospital, have been analyzed. RESULTS: 1. The numbers of male and female patients of selected group were 74 and 150, respectively, and their ages between 2 and 54 years. Among the group, 42 patients had epidermal pigmentary disease, 77 had dermal pigmentary disease and 105 had scars. 2. Ratios of TT(thawing time) to FT(freezing time) were significantly different among groups of disease(p<0.05). 3. Ratios of TT to FT were significantly different among groups of treatment site(p<0.05). 4. Ratios of TT to FT showed great difference between the group of rolling method applied and one of pressure method applied(p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The output of this study indicates that the result of the cryosurgery tends to be heavily influenced by the surgical method that is employed. It also proves that the pressure method tends to inflict more severe cryoinjury on the tissues than the rolling method. Each different tissue shows different sensitivity to the cold injury, and the longer the thawing time is, the more cryoinjury of tissues occurs. Therefore, to achieve the maximum therapeutic result while minimizing the undesired effect, adequate surgical method should be selected and applied to each specific disease. This concept is introduced in this study as "Theory of Selective Cryolysis.".
Cicatrix ; Cicatrix, Hypertrophic ; Cryosurgery* ; Female ; Freezing ; Humans ; Keloid ; Male ; Nevus of Ota ; Skin Diseases

The innate immune system confers first-line defense against various pathogens including bacteria and viruses. Early detection of invading pathogens by the host depends on a limited number of specific pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that detect pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and activate signal transduction cascades that lead to activation of defense mechanisms. Among those sensors, RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) play crucial roles in the detection of viruses by recognizing intracellular viral patterns such as viral RNAs to induce type-I interferon production. The discovery of intracellular RNA sensing mechanism by RIG-I prompted the investigations to find out intracellular DNA sensors. Recently, several proteins including DAI, AIM2, IFI16, and cGAS have been suggested as DNA sensing molecules to detect DNA viruses and bacteria, suggesting there are multiple receptors for microbial DNA. In this review, we discuss the current our understanding of sensing microbial DNA and subsequent induction of immune responses.
Bacteria ; Defense Mechanisms ; DNA ; DNA Viruses ; Immune System ; Immunity, Innate ; Interferons ; Proteins ; Receptors, Pattern Recognition ; RNA ; RNA, Viral ; Signal Transduction