No abstract available.
Cutaneous Fistula ; Glomerulonephritis, Membranous* ; Humans ; Sarcoma, Kaposi*

PURPOSE: This study was designed to describe the burnout experiences of nurses counseling people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in hospital-based counseling services in Korea. METHODS: A qualitative research technique with focus group interviews was used and the data were collected in 2012. Participants were 13 counseling nurses from 16 medical hospitals in South Korea who had worked full-time for more than six months as a counseling nurse for PLWHA. The 13 nurses made up 68.4% of all 19 official HIV counseling nurses in South Korea. Data were collected using focus group interviews and analyzed with the content analysis methodology of Downe-Wamboldt. RESULTS: Burnout experience of counseling nurses for PLWHA was analyzed for two domains-causes of, and effects of burnout. Each domain was classified into three categories; personal, job-related, and relationships. Further 17 sub-categories and 47 concepts were discovered. CONCLUSION: In this study various causes and effects of burnout experienced by nurses counseling PLWHA were identified. These findings can be used in developing effective strategies for nurses, administrators, and health policy makers to solve the burnout of counseling nurses. Further research is required to develop detailed and practical job description for nurses counseling PLWHA.
Administrative Personnel ; Counseling ; Focus Groups ; Health Policy ; HIV ; Humans ; Job Description ; Qualitative Research ; Republic of Korea

No abstract available.
Folliculitis* ; Herpesvirus 3, Human ; Scalp*

Shunt infection remains one of the most frequent and disabling neurosurgical complications. We reviewed the medical records of 40 patients who between 1989 and 1997 underwent CSF shunt surgery involving a total of 48 procedures. Infection occured in six of the 40 patients and secondary postoperative infection in two; i.e. in eight of 48 procedures(16.7%); the microorganisms involved were not always isolated, though in all cases, clinical symptoms were detected. Most episodes occured within 6 months of the last shunt operation and patients under one year old are greater risk of infection than those who are older. To prevent such infection careful preoperative surgical planning is mandatory.
Humans ; Hydrocephalus* ; Medical Records

Allergic angitis and granulomatosis is a kind of rare systemic vasculitis, with various manifestations of disease of lung, heart, skin, musculoskeletal system, nervous system and hepatobiliary tract. There was no report of a case with manifestation of pleuritis and pericarditis, while several cases had been reported in Korea. So we here report a case of allergic angitis and granulomatosis with manifestations of pleuritis and pericarditis. The case also showed clinical manifestations of hypereosinophilia, asthma, rhinitis, pulmonary infilterates with eosinophilia and nephritis. Open lung biopsy showed arteritis with heavy infilteration of activated eosinophil in lung, pleura and pericardium. The involvement of heart might cause critical complication leading death. The patients who are supposed as allergic angitis and granulomatosis should be examined for the involvement of heart.
Arteritis ; Asthma ; Biopsy ; Eosinophilia ; Eosinophils ; Heart ; Humans ; Korea ; Lung ; Musculoskeletal System ; Nephritis ; Nervous System ; Pericarditis* ; Pericardium ; Pleura ; Pleurisy* ; Rhinitis ; Skin ; Systemic Vasculitis

To evaluate the clinical significance of atrioventricular blocks in acute inferior myocardial infarction, we reviewed the clinical recordes of 75 patients who were diagnosed as acute inferior myocardial infarction with or without associated atrioventricular conduction blocks and compared the difference in clinical observation and laboratory data including coronary angiography between these two groups of patients. We also followed the clinical courses of atrioventrticualr block during admission among the patients with blocks. 1) 40% of 75 patients had atrioventricualr block associated with acute inferior myocardial infarction and there were 7 first-degree, 8 second-degree and 15 third-degree atrioventricular blocks. 2) There was no statistically significant differences between two groups in mean age ; Killip classification : incidence of previous prodromal angina ; incidende of associated initial symptoms such as dyspnea, nausea, and syncope ; risk factors such as smoking, hypertension and previous muocardial infarction and incidence of complication such as ventricular arrhythmias and heart faliure. 3) The peak serum CK(1,442.9+/-1,703.6 vs. 1,942.8+/-2,022.9IU/L, P<0.01)and LDH(1,014.7+/-429.7 vs. 1,579.2+/-1,544.9 IU/L, P<0.01) levels were significantly higher in the patients group with atrioventricualr blocks than in the patient grouop without blocks. 4) Left ventricualr resting ejection fraction obtained by radinuclide geted blood pool heart scan was significantly less in the patient group with atrioventricular blocks than in the patient group without blocks. 5) The prevalence of multivessel disease and that of associated left anterior descending artery lesion showe no differences between two patient groups. 6) Hospatal mortality of two patient groups were 9.8% and 16.6% respectively and had no statistical significance. 7) Among the patients who had associated atrioventricualr blocks, 70% of patients showed temporary course of block for mean 4.8days, and 6.7% developed permanent first degree block.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Arteries ; Atrioventricular Block ; Classification ; Coronary Angiography ; Dyspnea ; Heart ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Incidence ; Infarction ; Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction* ; Mortality ; Nausea ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Syncope

BACKGROUND: This study investigated the protective mechanism of Prostagladin E1 (PGE1) against intimal hyperplasia after vein interposition grafts in rabbits. It has been demonstrated that active oxygen species contribute to vascular smooth muscle cell growth via early cell cycle gene activation. We attempted to study whether PGE1 had an effect on the inhibition of the oxidative stress injury index (8-OHdG, MDA). METHODS: Forty-eight jugular vein grafts were inserted into the carotid arteries of male hyperlipidemic New Zealand white rabbits, which were divided into 2 groups (saline group and PGE1 group). Saline and Prostaglandin E1 (0.1 microgram/kg/min) were administered as a continuous infusion for 2 hours every day from just before graft interposition to harvest. The vein grafts were harvested at 6 hour, 1 day, 1 week, and 2 week after grafting and rapidly stored in liquid nitrogen ( 70oC). 8-OHdG was measured by using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrochemical detection (HPLC-EC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) was measured by using thiobarbituric acid (TBA) assay. PC 10 index and intimal thickness of the grafts were measured with a computer digitalized image analyzer. RESULTS: There was no difference in 8-OHdG levels between the saline and the PGE1 groups. PGE1 had more inhibitory effect on the MDA level as an oxidative stress injury index, but its action was restricted to 1 day. A morphometric analysis and an immunohistochemical study showed that the PGE1 group had more suppressive effects both in intimal thickeness and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression than the saline group (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that PGE1 is effective in preventing intimal hyperplasia after vein interposition grafts in rabbits and may play a role in inhibiting oxidative stress injury.
Alprostadil ; Carotid Arteries* ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Genes, cdc ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Jugular Veins ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; Nitrogen ; Oxidative Stress* ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen* ; Rabbits ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Transplants* ; Veins*

A patient, 59 years old male, with paroxysmal AV reentrant tachycardia utilizing a concealed left lateral accessory pathway with long VA conduction time is presented. During tachycardia P waves were negative in leads I, aVL, and V6 and positive in leads aVR and V1. The R-P/P-R ratio was 1.6. Radiofrequency catheter ablation was successful to interrupt the VA conduction through the accessory pathway.
Catheter Ablation ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tachycardia*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the cause and surgical outcome of extensor pollicis longus rupture after distal radius fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nineteen cases in which the patients underwent surgical treatment for rupture of the extensor pollicis longus after distal radius fractures were followed for more than one year. Among the nineteen cases, fourteen extensor pollicis longus ruptures occurred after conservative treatment, four occurred after closed reduction with K-wire fixation, and one occurred after open reduction and internal fixation with a plate. All cases were treated by extensor indicis proprius transfer. RESULTS: Extensor pollicis longus ruptures were caused by K-wire irritation in two, by a protruding screw tip in one, and by a callus in one. In the conservative treatment group, tendon ruptures were diagnosed at an average of 3.1 months (0.7~17). Tendon ruptures were detected in the surgical treatment group at an average of 12.8 months (1~48). All the patients showed favorable recovery of the extension capability of the thumb at the final follow-up. CONCLUSION: The main cause of extensor pollicis longus rupture after distal radius fracture was ischemic damage. Therefore, during the surgery, the length and direction of screws and K-wires should be fixed carefully to avoid such damage. Distal radius fracture also requires careful observation of the extensor pollicis longus during follow-up. Furthermore, extensor indicis proprius transfer is considered to be an effective method for extensor pollicis longus rupture.
Bony Callus ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Radius ; Radius Fractures ; Rupture ; Tendons ; Thumb