OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to evaluate the expressions, microvessel counts and angiogenic pathway of VEGF and PD-ECGF and proliferative activity of Ki-67 according to clinicopathologic feature of cervical tumor. METHODS: Two hundred three cervical specimens were evaluated; among these 20 were designated normal epithelium, 36 mild dysplasia, 28 moderate dysplasia, 36 severe dysplasia, 28 carcinoma in situ, 17 microinvasive carcinoma and 38 invasive cervical carcinoma (21 squamous cell carcinoma and 17 adenocarcinoma). Microvessel count was determined by immunohistochemical staining using anti-factor VIII-related monoclonal antibody. The expression of VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) and PD-ECGF (platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor) were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining with anti-human VEGF monoclonal antibody and anti-dThdPase monoclonal antibody. The proliferative activity was examined using a Ki-67 equivalent monoclonal antibody (MIBl). RESULT: There was no statistical significance on microvessel count except invasive cancer comparing with mild dysplasia including normal tissue, but there was a little increase in microvessel counts according to severity of tumor. The intensity of VEGF and PD-ECGF expression was significantly correlated with severity of cervical tumor. And the microvessel density was significantly higher in the positive expression of VEGF and PD-ECGF than in the negative expression. The intensity of PD-ECGF expression in invasive adenocarcinoma was significantly lower in comparison with VEGF expression. The intensity of Ki-67 expression had no correlation with severity of cervical tumor and was significantly higher in moderate and severe dysplasia than in microinvasive and invasive carcinoma. Ki-67 expression had no statistical correlation with VEGF and PD-ECGF. CONCLUSION: The VEGF and PD-ECGF are important angiogenic factors and associated with progression of cervical tumor. The VEGF may be involved in the progressions of squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma, but the PD-ECGF may not be involved or be minimally involved in the progression of adenocareinoma. There seems to be a different angiogenic pathway pertaining to the histologic difference of cervical cancer. There was no difference of Ki-67 expression according to severity of cervical tumor.
Adenocarcinoma ; Angiogenesis Inducing Agents ; Carcinoma in Situ ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Endothelial Cells ; Epithelium ; Microvessels ; Thymidine Phosphorylase* ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A*

OBJECTIVE: The study of 467 cases of amniocentesis have been done at the department of Genetics, Taegu Cheil Hospital from Oct. 1997 to May 1999 for the purpose of analysis of abnormal karyotype according to the indication and age distribution, METHODS: We collected amniotic fluid using 22G spinal needle and measured amniotic alphafetoprotein and acetylcholine esterase in supematant and performed cytogenetic analysis. RESULTS: Positive Down screeing(positive triple test) was the most common indication of amniocentesis (61.5%) and abnormal karyotypes were 24 cases(5.1%) in 467 cases. Among 24 abnormal cases, 10 cases(2.1%) of 21 trisomy were observed. Abnormal karyotypes were most common in the group of abnormal ultrasonogram finding and the gmup of maternal age between 31 to 35 years old, which consists of 25% and 7.7% respectively. CONCLUSION: More attention for the abnormal karyotype should be paid to the group of abnormal ultrasonogram finding and the group of maternal age between 31 to 35 years old as well as above 35 years old.
Abnormal Karyotype ; Acetylcholine ; Adult ; Age Distribution ; Amniocentesis ; Amniotic Fluid ; Cytogenetic Analysis* ; Cytogenetics* ; Daegu ; Female ; Genetics ; Humans ; Karyotype ; Maternal Age ; Needles ; Trisomy ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: To determine the accuracy of automated computer aided volumetry for simulated small pulmonary nodules at computed tomography using various types of phantoms MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three sets of synthetic nodules (small, calcified and those adjacent to vessels) were studied. The volume of the nodules in each set was already known, and using multi-slice CT, volumetric data for each nodule was acquired from the three-dimensional reconstructed image. The volume was calculated by applying three different threshold values using Rapidia(R) software (3D-Med, Seoul, Korea). RESULTS: Relative errors in the measured volume of synthetic pulmonary nodules were 17.3, 2.9, and 11.5% at -200, -400, and -600 HU, respectively, and there was good correlation between true volume and measured volume at -400 HU (r=0.96, p<0.001). For calcified nodules, relative errors in measured volume were 10.9, 5.3, and 16.5% at -200, -400, and -600 HU, respectively, and there was good correlation between true volume and measured volume at -400 HU (r=1.03, p<0.001). In cases involving synthetic nodules adjacent to vessels, relative errors were 4.6, 16.3, and 31.2 % at -200, -400, and -600 HU, respectively. There was good correlation between true volume and measured volume at -200 HU (r=1.1, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Using computer-aided volumetry, the measured volumes of synthetic nodules correlated closely with their true volume. Measured volumes were the same at each threshold level, regardless of window setting.
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Seoul

No abstract available.
Mandible* ; Osteoblastoma*

No abstract available.
Mandible* ; Osteoblastoma*

PURPOSE: Although it is well known that the pulsatile Doppler waveforms change in shape with disturbed flow, interpretation of the waveforms has largely been subjective. We aimed to describe the Doppler waveforms of the lower extremity objectively by parameters of Fourier transformation. METHOD: Sixty-eight Doppler arterial waves were analyzed in this study. They were classified according to the clinical findings; Group I: no ischemic symptoms with ankle pressure>100 mmHg (N=17). Group II: no ischemic symptoms with ankle pressure 80~100 mmHg (N=18). Group III:symptoms of claudication (N=19). Group IV: rest pain or tissue loss (N=14). The waveforms were Fourier transformed and their amplitudes and phases were compared up to the third harmonics. RESULT: Both the fundamental and second harmonics were predominant in group I. In contrast, fundamental harmonic was predominant with disturbed flow. The phases of the fundamental and second harmonics were delayed with disturbed flow. Relative phase (difference of phase between higher harmonics and fundamental harmonic) tended to be shortened with disturbed flow. CONCLUSION: Abnormal waveforms are characterized by predominant amplitude of the first harmonic, phase delay, and shortening of the relative phase. These parameters may be useful for differentiation of Doppler waveforms.
Ankle ; Fourier Analysis* ; Lower Extremity*

PURPOSE: To investigate the incidence and significance of localized fluid collection in the hepatic bare area re-sulting from blunt abdominal trauma in children. Materias and Methods:We retrospectively reviewed the CT scans and medical records of eighty children with blunt abdominal trauma and evaluated the incidence of fluid collection in the hepatic bare area. The findings were correlated with the presence of injury to adjacent organs. RESULTS: Fluid collection in the hepatic bare area was noted in 23 of 80 patients (28.7%). Associated organ in-juries included liver laceration (17/23), contusion of the right hemidiaphragm (7/23), right adrenal injury (5/23), and right renal injury (5/23). In one patient, organic injury was not detected in spite of fluid collection in the hepatic bare area. Eight of 23 patients (34.8%) showed fluid collection in this area, but not intraperitoneally. CONCLUSION: Fluid collection in the hepatic bare area after blunt abdominal trauma was noted in about 30% of patients and was frequently accompanied by injury to adjacent organs. Since right hemidiaphragmatic contusion associated with fluid collection in the bare area was a not uncommon CT finding, close observation of the condition is warranted.
Child* ; Contusions ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lacerations ; Liver ; Medical Records ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Glaucoma screening is an important means of detecting early cases of glaucoma. It is particularly valuable if targeted either at groups who otherwise do not have access to the health care system or at groups who have the risk factors for glaucoma such as aging, being male and having a medical history of diabetes or vascular diseases. We conducted glaucoma screenings by tonometry and direct ophthalmoscopy in the outpatient department of ophthalmology at Korea University Haewha Hospital and in the homes for the aged that are located in Seoul between Sep. 1987 and Sep. 1989. A total of 282 subjects were screened in the outpatient department and 198 subjects were screened in the homes for the aged. Referral rate was 6.7% and 3.0%, respectively. Groups who have the risk factors showed greater referral rates than groups who have not, but they are not statistically significant(p>0.05).
Aged ; Aging ; Delivery of Health Care ; Glaucoma* ; Homes for the Aged ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Manometry ; Mass Screening* ; Ophthalmology ; Ophthalmoscopy ; Outpatients* ; Referral and Consultation ; Risk Factors ; Seoul ; Vascular Diseases

Glaucoma screening is an important means of detecting early cases of glaucoma. It is particularly valuable if targeted either at groups who otherwise do not have access to the health care system or at groups who have the risk factors for glaucoma such as aging, being male and having a medical history of diabetes or vascular diseases. We conducted glaucoma screenings by tonometry and direct ophthalmoscopy in the outpatient department of ophthalmology at Korea University Haewha Hospital and in the homes for the aged that are located in Seoul between Sep. 1987 and Sep. 1989. A total of 282 subjects were screened in the outpatient department and 198 subjects were screened in the homes for the aged. Referral rate was 6.7% and 3.0%, respectively. Groups who have the risk factors showed greater referral rates than groups who have not, but they are not statistically significant(p>0.05).
Aged ; Aging ; Delivery of Health Care ; Glaucoma* ; Homes for the Aged ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Manometry ; Mass Screening* ; Ophthalmology ; Ophthalmoscopy ; Outpatients* ; Referral and Consultation ; Risk Factors ; Seoul ; Vascular Diseases

PURPOSE: We evaluated the usefulness of quantitative spiral CT to predict postoperative lung function in patients undergoing pulmonary resection. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fourteen patients in whom pneumonectomy or segmentectomy were performed underwent preoperative chest spiral CT and pulmonary function test(PFT). Six patients underwent postoperative follow-up PFT. Ten patients underwent preoperative radioisotope(RI) lung perfusion scan. Preoperative CT data were postprocessed with contiguous pixel method ranged from -9107HU to -500HU to quantify total functional lung volume(TFLV) and regional volume to be resected(RFLV). Postoperative lung function was predicted by following formula;Predicted postoperative PFT value=preoperative PFT x 1-RFLV/TFLV). CT predicted value was compared with postoperative measured PFT value and those value of RI perfusion scan. RESULTS: CT predicted values were very close to postoperative measured value and RI predicted value, and were correlated well with postoperative measured values (FVC: r=0.988, P<0.001 ;FEV1: r=0.994, P<0.001) and RI predicted values (FVC :r=0.976, P<0.001 ;FEVl: r=0.974, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Quantitative spiral CT was useful to predict postoperative lung function and could be an effective alternative to RI perfusion scan.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lung* ; Mastectomy, Segmental ; Perfusion ; Pneumonectomy ; Thorax ; Tomography, Spiral Computed*