For the morphological analysis of DMBA (9,10-diemethyl-1,2-benzanthracene) induced tumor, thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were received 0.1 ml of a 2% paraffin solution of DMBA into the knee joint cavity, which was repeated three times at an interval of 4 weeks. The induced tumor masses were removed at the 12th week after the first injection. Histological and histochemical examinations (H & E, PAS, alcian blue, Van Gieson, prussian blue, reticulin, PTAH stain) and enzyme histochemical examinations (acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase) were performed. The results were as follows: 1) By the 12th week after the first injection of DMBA, the tumor incidence rate was 20 percent. 2) On histological and histochemical examination, most of the induced tumor disclosed the features of the fibrous histiocytoma originating from mesenchymal cells, and the remains sweat gland adenoma and adenocarcinoma originating from epithelial cells. 3) On enzyme histochemical examination, most of the mesenchymal cell-derived tumor cells showed positive reactions for acid phosphatase and alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase, which were similar characteristic features of enzyme stains as shown in the component cells of fibrous histiocytoma.
Rats ; Animals ; Incidence ; Adenocarcinoma ; Adenoma

STUDY DESIGN: A case report. OBJECTIVES: To report a rare case of remote cerebellar hemorrhage (RCH), which was a complication after posterior decompression and lumbar interbody fusion (PILF). SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW: Remote cerebellar hemorrhage (RCH) after spinal surgery is a rare complication, and its cause is known to be due to a loss of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) through the dural tear. Most of the literature has disclosed that early diagnosis and treatment of RCH is very important in the patient with suspicious symptoms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 57-year-old woman had posterior lumbar decompression and interbody fusion for the severe spinal stenosis at L4-5. During surgery, an accidental dural tear with CSF leakage occurred. The torn dura was sutured. Postoperatively, she developed nausea and a severe headache. Hypotension developed at postoperative 2 hours. A brain CT showed RCH. The patient was conservatively managed with clamping of the wound drainage. RESULTS: The nausea and severe headache were controlled and normal blood pressure could be maintained without dopamine therapy at postoperative day 2. The patient was discharged without any neurological deficit, and her consciousness was clear at postoperative 2 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: Persistent postoperative nausea, headache, and hypotension after repair of the torn dura may suggest that the treating surgeons pay careful attention due to the possibility of RCH, even though the amount of CSF leakage is small.
Blood Pressure ; Brain ; Consciousness ; Constriction ; Decompression* ; Dopamine ; Drainage ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Headache ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Hypotension ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; Middle Aged ; Nausea ; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting ; Spinal Stenosis ; Wounds and Injuries

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness of using Keratome in endonasal Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR). METHODS: The authors used 3.0mm keratome, designed for cataract surgery, to incise medial wall of the lacrimal sac during endoscopic endonasal DCR in 11 patients with nasolacrimal duct obstruction. RESULTS: Surgical success rate was 90% with fast recovery time of nasal mucosa without specific complication. CONCLUSIONS: Lacrimal sac incision using keratome was more effective and non-invasive than using nasal forceps, with advantages such as shorter operation time and less nasal mucosa injury with rapid recovery time.
Cataract ; Dacryocystorhinostomy* ; Humans ; Nasal Mucosa ; Nasolacrimal Duct ; Surgical Instruments

Bacillus species are aerobic, gram-positive, spore forming rods that are widely distributed in soil, dust, stream, and other environmental sources and are regarded as natural organism. But certain species of the genus Bacillus, most notably B.cereus, which is associated with food-borne illness, occasionally have been implicated in the occurrence of fatal illness and complication in a compromised host. We roport a case of pneumonia and bacteremia caused by B.cereus in an 81 year-old man, who had no obvious immunologic compromise. The condition was treated with combination of roxithromycin and gentamicin.
Bacillus cereus* ; Bacillus* ; Bacteremia ; Dust ; Gentamicins ; Pneumonia* ; Rivers ; Roxithromycin ; Soil ; Spores

No abstract available.
*Chromosome Aberrations ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia/*genetics ; Male

Delayed peripheral polyneuropathy caused by organophosphorus intoxication is not uncommon. This is a case report of 32 years old female with peripheral polyneuropathy which is appeared two weeks after organophosphorus poisoning. It is characterized by calves pain followed by minmal sensory change and predominant motor weakness affecting the distal part of the limbs. The electrophysiologic and pathologic studies support the clinical diagnosis. The exact pathogenesis is still debated, but phosphorylation of neurotoxic esterase (NTE), followed by "aging" process was suspected to play a role in the development of axonal degeneration.
Adult ; Axons ; Diagnosis ; Extremities ; Female ; Humans ; Organophosphate Poisoning ; Phosphorylation ; Polyneuropathies*

Both interictal Tc-99m hexamethyl-propyleneamine oxime single photon emission computed tomography (HM-PAO SPECT) brain scintigraphy was done in a patient with the syndrome of chronic encephalitis and epilepsy. The low density area in the temporo-occipital lobe on brain CT scan revealed decreased radioactivity during interictal state and it was reversed to increased radioactivity during ictal state on HM-PAO SPECT brain imaging. In authors' opinion, ictal and interictal Tc-99m HM-PAO SPECT brain scintigraphy could be a safe and convincing study for Searching epileptogenic foci.
Brain* ; Encephalitis* ; Epilepsy* ; Humans ; Neuroimaging ; Radioactivity ; Radionuclide Imaging* ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVE: Psychiatric disorders such as depression, anxiety and alcohol dependence are associated with serotonin metabolism. We assessed the methylation level of the serotonin transporter (5-HTT) promoter region in control and alcohol dependent patients. METHODS: Twenty seven male patients who met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder IV (DSM-IV) criteria for alcohol dependence were compared with fifteen controls. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays of bisulfate-modified DNA were designed to amplify a part of the CpG island in the 5HTT gene. Pyrosequencing was performed and the methylation level at seven CpG island sites was measured. RESULTS: We found no differences in the methylation patterns of the serotonin transporter linked promoter region (5-HTTLPR) between alcohol-dependent and control subjects. CONCLUSION: Our negative finding may be because 5-HTT epigenetic variation may not affect the expression for 5-HTT or there may be other methylation site critical for its expression. To find out more conclusive result, repeating the study in more methylation sites with a larger number of samples in a well-controlled setting is needed.
Alcoholism ; Anxiety ; CpG Islands ; Depression ; DNA ; Epigenomics ; Humans ; Male ; Mental Disorders ; Methylation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Serotonin ; Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins

PURPOSE: Spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage(S-SAH) is a relatively rare disease with good clinical course and prognosis. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the cisternal blood distribution on CT in patient with S-SAH. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Out of 406 patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage on brain CT scan, 11 patients confirmed to be S-SAH by angiography and clinical follow-up were examined. We analysed the CT findings of these 11 cases retrospectively. RESULTS: Five patients had only perimesencephalic distribution of hemorrhage:the prepontine, the interped- uncular, and the suprasellar cisterns were involved in 4 cases each, the basal sylvian cistern in 3 cases, and the ambient cistern in 2 cases. The quadrigeminal and a portion of the lateral sylvians were also involved in 1 case each. Six patients revealed cisternal hemorrhage extending beyond the perimesencephalic cistern into the ventricles, cortical sulci, and lateral sylvian fissure. Intraventricular hemorrhage was noted in 3 cases of these 6 patients. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that uncomplicated clinical course and normal anglographic finding are more important than CT distribution of cisternal hemorrhage in diagnosing S-SAH.
Angiography ; Brain ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Prognosis ; Rare Diseases ; Retrospective Studies ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Hypercholesterolemia is one of the major risk factors for atherosclerosis. Reduction of serum total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) and the increase of high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) are known to be associated with significant decrease of the incidence of atherosclerotic disease. HMG CoA reductase is known as rate limiting enzyme in the synthesis of cholesterol. Among many inhibitors of this enzyme pravastatin was recently released. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of this drug in Korean patients with hypercholesterolemia daily 5-40mg of pravstatin was administred in 30 patients after 4 weeks' wash-out and followed in 4 week-intervals up to 12 weeks. 1) Total cholesterol(TC) was decreased from 247.3+/-24,7mg/dl to 216.6+/-34.8mg/dl after 4 weeks, 214.3+/-36.7mg/dl after 8 weeks and 212,5+/-36.1mg/dl after 12 weeks(p,0.001, respectively). 2) Triglycrride(TG) was decreased from 191.3+/-77.9mg/dl to 161.4+/-61.4mg/dl after 4 weeks(p<0.005),155.4+/-74,8mg/dl after 8 weeks (p<0.05) but after 12 weeks the level of triglyceride was 165.5+/-70.3mg/dl, not significantly different from the basal level. 3) LDL-C was decreased from 155.0+/-29.3mg/dl to 129.8+/-34.4mg/dl after 4 weeks. 132.0+/-32.4mg/dl after 8 weeks and 125.9+/-38.1mg/dl after 12 weeks (p<0.01. respectively). 4) HDL-C was not significantly changed during the trial. 5) TC/HDI-C ratio was decreased from 4.8%+/-1.3 to 4.1+/-0.9 after 4 weeks. 4.3.+/-0.9 after 8 weeks and 4.1+/-1.1 after 12(p<0.01.respectivcly). 6) LDL-C/HDL-C ratio was decreased from3.0+/-1.0 to2.5+/-0.8 after 4 weeks(p<0.01).2.6+/-0.7 after 8 weeks(p<0.05) and 2.4+/-0.9 after 12 weeks(p<0.01). 7) The side effects of pravastatin were mild and transient, including 1 case of nausea, 1 headache, 1 flushing sensation on the face and 2 dizziness. 8) The laboratory studies including serum transaminases,uric acid, creatinine, creatine phoshokinase and blood glucose were not changed significantly. These results suggested that pravastatin is an effective and relative safe hypolipidemic agent in Korean adult patients with hypercholesterolemia.
Adult ; Atherosclerosis ; Blood Glucose ; Cholesterol ; Creatine ; Creatinine ; Dizziness ; Flushing ; Headache ; Humans ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases ; Hypercholesterolemia* ; Incidence ; Lipoproteins ; Nausea ; Pravastatin* ; Risk Factors ; Sensation ; Triglycerides