No abstract available.
Bone Density* ; Calcitonin* ; Humans ; Osteoporosis*

Tureta and his colleagues have stressed the important role that vessels play in osteogenesis. Numerous arthors attempted to provide new bone formation by placing vascular pedicles into the bone. Some reports are convining, but experimental model and histological investigation leave something yet to learn. We conducted an experiment to demonstrate the feasibility of using a vascular bundle to create new bone formation in medullary canal. Vasculsr bundle of the femoral artery and vein was transplanted in same side of the femoral canal of rabbits. The transplanted vascular bundle was studied histologically for eight weeks. At 3 weeks transplanted artery started proliferation of intima and media, and its lumen was obliterated completely at 6 weeks. Transplanted vein collapsed from begining, and didn't involve in revascularization and new bone formation. At 2 weeks the proliferation of capillaries promoting revascularization originated from the adventitia of the transplanted artery, and peaked at 6 weeks. New osteoid appeared around the transplanted vessel at 2 weeks, and surrounded the entire vessel in 5 weeks, and had no more progression in amount at 6 weeks. Cortical hypertrophies showed in the vascular bundle transplanted group from 3 weeks. Examination of control group revealed no sign of new osteoid formation around the hole during the whole study period.
Adventitia ; Arteries ; Capillaries ; Femoral Artery ; Hypertrophy ; Models, Theoretical ; Osteogenesis ; Rabbits ; Veins

Controversy persists regarding the abnormality of the bone metabolism in various bone diseases. Osteocalcin, the vitamin K-dependent protein synthesized in bone, has been shown to be a specific and sensitive marker of bone turnover in metabolic bone diseases. The author measured the serum osteocalcin level using newly developed radioimmunoassay (RIA) in the patients with osteogenesis imperfecta, metastatic bone tumor, postmenopausal osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis, which can be the causes of osteoporosis, and ankylosing spondylitis. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the value of the osteocalcin measurement comparing the each data of disease group with the normal control group. The results were as followings ; 1. The mean of osteocalcin in normal Korean was 4.43±1.04 ng/ml. (4.45±1.08 ng/ml in male, 4.41±1.01 ng/ml in female). The difference between male and female was not significant statistically. 2. The osteocalcin of osteogenesis imperfects was 9.14±2.21 ng/ml, which was significant statistically, And it was thought to be the result of increasing bone turnover rate and the osteocalcin was useful as biochemical marker. 3. In metastatic bone tumor, osteocalcin was under the normal level in both untreated and treated groups, which meant low bone turnover rate or low osteoblastic activity. Osteocalcin was not a useful marker for the assessment of the effect of treatment in this study, but if the radioimmunoassay was done in the same tumor group, a valuable results could be expected. 4. Osteocalcin level in the patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis was not different with normal control group and osteocalcin was not useful marker for the evaluation of the degree of osteoporosis and bone turnover. 5. Osteocalcin didn't play a role in the pathologic ossification of ankylosing spondylitis. In conclusion, the osteocalcin by radioimmunoassay can be used as a biochemical marker in metabolic bone diseases and metastatic cancer for the disgnosis and the assessment of prognosis or the effect of treatment.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Biomarkers ; Bone Diseases ; Bone Diseases, Metabolic ; Bone Remodeling ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Metabolism ; Ossification, Heterotopic ; Osteoblasts ; Osteocalcin ; Osteogenesis ; Osteogenesis Imperfecta ; Osteoporosis ; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal ; Prognosis ; Radioimmunoassay ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing ; Vitamins

This experiment was performed to determine the stability of antiblotics in cured bone cement and the antibacterial effect with various the amount of antibiotics mixed in bone cement. Experimental animals were divided into control and antibioticimpregnated groups; 3 each for control, cloxacillin, celospor, kanamycln and panimycln groups. Antibiotic activities were measured by disk diffusion method using Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichla coli as standard organisms. The results were as follows: 1. Bone cement itself does not have antibacterial effect on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherlchia coli. Antlbiotlc impregnated acrylic bone cement showed antibacterial effects which was stable for 4 weeks. 2. In vitro test, the amount to antibiotics released In 24 hours perlod was proportional to the amount of antibiotlcs mixed in bone cement. 3. The duration of antibacterial effect was also roughly proportional to the amount of antiblotics mixed In bone cement. 4. No antibacterial effect could be measured in control groups. 4. In vivo test, the result was revealed similar patterns compared with the result of “In vitro test”, but the amounts of antibiotics released and durations of antibaterial effect was decreased. No antibacterial effect could be measured in control groups. As a result of this sutdy of this study, It is proved that the amount of antiblotics and the duratlon of antibacterial effect are proportional to the amount of antibiotics mixed in bone cemcnt. The impregnation of antiblotics in acrylic bone cement may be used to prevent and treat Infection in the orthopedic fleld.
Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Cephacetrile ; Cloxacillin ; Diffusion ; In Vitro Techniques ; Methods ; Orthopedics ; Polymethyl Methacrylate ; Staphylococcus aureus

Antibiotic-acrylic bone cement composites demonstrated antibacterial activity as a result of diffusion of antibiotic from bone cement into surrounding enviroment, accordingly, the use of antibiotic incorporation to bone cement for the prevention and treatment of infection after joint surgery replacement has been adovocated. Early report of clinical success by using antibiotic-acrylic bone cement composites are encouraging. Our authors applied this concept to the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis. Antibiotic contained with bone cement was chosen by sensitivity test on pus culture finding. Seven cases of chronic osteomyelitia treated by using antibiotic-acrylic bone eement composites were .studied in the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyung Hee University Hospital from July 1979 to March 1981. The follow-up period was from 3 months tc 22 months. The results were as follow: 1. Six cases showed no evidence of recurrence except one by using antibiotic acrylic bone cement composites. 2. The impregantion of antibiotic in acrylic bone cement shall be regarded to be effective in increasing the local antibacterial activity by leaching the antibiotic into surrounding tissue over a period continiously in treatment of chronic osteomyelitis. 3. The use of antibiotic-acrylic bone cement compositea into dead space by saucerization are consid- ered an one such approach to the decrease of dead space. 4. The impregnation of antibiotic in acrylic bone cement is regarded a new concept in treatment of chronic osteomyelitis.
Bone and Bones ; Diffusion ; Follow-Up Studies ; Joints ; Osteomyelitis ; Polymethyl Methacrylate ; Recurrence ; Suppuration

Author take off the pelvic bone from the cadaver and made the accruate reconstructed the pelvic bone as well as normal bone. Then author setted the pelvic bone into the specialized acrylic globe as the normal person erect position. For the acetabular posterior wall, projected the radiologic beam from the 0°to 45°cephalad direction and then pelvic bone rotated internally 0°~45°, each section is 5°. For acetabular anterior wall, projected the radiologic beam from 0° to 45° caudal direction and pelvic bone rotated externally 0°~45°, each section is 5° too. From the pelvic bone experiments, author get on the good radiologic angle for acetabular anterior and posterior wall. Ane then make the radiologic projection for normal person as the pelvic experiment. In pelvic bone model experiment, For acetabular anterior wall and anterior colum, external rotation 20°~30° caudal tilting 30°~45° angle projection has good visualization. For acetabular posterior wall and posterior column (including anterior column partially), internal rotation 15°~20° cephalad tilting 15°~30°angle projection has the good visualization. In normal person experiment, For acetabular anterior wall and anterior column, external rotation 20°caudal tilting 30°angle projection shows the good visualization. For acetabular posterior wall and column (including anterior column partially) internal rotation 20°cephalad tilting 30°angle projection shows good visualization. From the pelvic bone model and normal person experiments, the following conclusion are obtained. 1. For posterior wall and posterior column(including anterior column partially), internal rotation 20°, cephalad tilting 30°view is good. 2. For anterior wall and anterior column, external rotation 20°, caudal tilting 30°view is good.
Acetabulum ; Cadaver ; Humans ; Pelvic Bones

No abstract available.
Knee* ; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis*

No abstract available.
Korea*

Bone scan measuring bone metastasis were analysed in fifty five patients diagnosed as malignant tumor, seven were primary bone tumor and forty eight were metastatic tumor, who treated in Kyung Hee Hospital from March 1981 to January 1982. The results were as follows: l. In 55 patients, positive bone scan were found in 76.4% of the patients and positive X-ray were found in 56.4%. 2. 7 patients with primary bone tumor showed all positive bone scan, 45 patients with metastatic tumor showed positive bone in 72.9%. 3. Among the patients with metastatic tumor who no clinical symptoms, positive bone scan were found in 59.3% and positive X-ray in 26%. 4. Most common metastatic site was femur in primary bone tumor and vertebra in metastatic tumor. 5. In 48 patients of metastatic tumor, positive bone scan within negative X-ray were found in 56%, negative bone scan within positve X-ray were found in 5%. 6 The lesions showed clod area on bone scan were considered of positive finding as compared with clinical symptom and X-ray finding.
Diagnosis ; Femur ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Spine

A tibial segment in 3cm length with vascular pedicle and periosteum (Living bone graft) and the segment without vascular pedicle and periosteum (Dead bone graft) was obtained from twenty four rabbits, being divided into two group respectively. Then it was replaced with the segmental bone in the initial osteomized defect. The grade of healing and the time factor required to accomplish the repair of resected segmental tibial transplant was determined at one week interval during one to eight weeks, aimed by the,comparative studies of microscopic (gross), radiological as well as histological observation during the healing process. The average time of callus formation in the living bone graft was approximately two weeks, as compared to four weeks of the dead bone graft. Radiographically the average time of bone union in the living bone graft was four weeks, compared with seven weeks for the dead bone graft. The living bone graft was permitted to the healing process of the simple fracture at the graft-recipient bone juncture, in the contrast with the dead bone graft it was united with replacement of the grafted bone by new bone, so called “creeping substitution”.
Bony Callus ; Periosteum ; Rabbits ; Tibia ; Time Factors ; Transplants