14 Cases of delayed and nonunion of the carpal scaphoid fractures who were treated at Department of the Orthopedic Surgery, College of medicine, Kyungpook National University, Taegu, Korea during the period of April, 1984. to March, 1986 were analysed. The results were as follows; l. Of the total 14 cases, there were 13 male and 1 female patients. This result showed marked predominence of right hand (10 cases) over the left and most commonly occured between 21 and 40 of age (11 case). 2. The site of fracture were confined to the middle one third in 12 cases (85.7%), the fracture lines were transverse in 6 cases (42.9%). 3. In 14 cases, union was obtained from 13 cases (92.9%) that were treated with Herbert screw,from 2 cases of delyed union after 2.3 months and from 12 cases of nonunion after 4.3 months. 4. Postoperatve cast immobilization was done for 2 weeks in the cases that were treated with Herbert screw and for 4 weeks in the cases that were treated with Herbert screw and bone graft. 5. The results of treatment were excellent in 7 cases (50%), good in 6 cases (42.9%) and fair in 1 case so that all of 14 patient could treturn to their work.
Daegu ; Female ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Hand ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Korea ; Male ; Orthopedics ; Transplants

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the types of perception toward non-face-to-face clinical practice and to characterize the types of students who experienced online clinical practice during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: Q-methodology was used in this study, and 270 Q populations were formed based on in-depth interviews with 10 nursing students who had experienced non-face-to-face clinical practice, as well as related literature. Interviews were performed from August 1 to 31, 2022. A total of 42 Q samples were extracted, and Q sorting was performed on 33 nursing students who had experienced non-face-to-face clinical practice. A Q factor analysis was performed using the PC-QUANL program. Results: The nursing students’ perceptions of non-face-to-face clinical practice were classified into the following five types: “future professional competency-focused type,” “realistic convenience priority type,” “task burden awareness type,” “negative critic type,” and “limited experience dissatisfaction type.” Conclusion This study revealed non-face-to-face clinical practice’s positive and negative aspects in nursing education. Moreover, it identified the aspects of clinical practice that cannot be replaced by non-face-to-face clinical practice and the elements of non-face-to-face practice that can complement clinical practice. These findings can be used as fundamental data to establish a stable and efficient system for improving the quality of clinical practice in the post-COVID-19 era and to implement effective non-face-to-face clinical practice according to student types.

There has been much dispute about the pathomechanics and the significance of the test even among the most competent surgeons in this field. Some have claimed that the posterolateral capsule must be torn to initiate the pivot shift. Some have even gone as far as to deny the importance of the anterior cruciate ligament as a main stabilizing structure of the knee. We evaluated the concept of MacIntosh in anatomical studies which were carried out at the both Pathology and Orthopedic department of Kyungpook National University, School of Medicine, Taegu Korea. Experiments have been carried out to study the etiology of anterolateral instability and the production of a pivot shift sign. In the cadaver knees and A/K amputation knees, which did not have any sign of instability or osteoarthritis, the anterior cruciate was severed by a short medial incision. We could immediately detect a pivot shift. No pivot shift resulted however when the posterolateral capsule was completely divided first and the anterior cruciate left intact, or when the medial collateral ligament and medial capsule were cut. If both the anterior cruciate and posterolateral capsule were divided the pivot shift became more prominent than after cutting the anterior cruciate alone. When the medial collateral ligament including the capsular structures was completely severed, however, the pivot shift disappeared. In summary the experiments show the following: 1. An isolated rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament or its combination with a partial tear of the medial collateral ligament may be detected with the pivot shift sign. 2. If the rupture of the medial collateral ligament is complete the pivot shift test can be negative in spite of a tear of the anterior cruciate ligament.
Amputation ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament ; Cadaver ; Collateral Ligaments ; Daegu ; Dissent and Disputes ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Knee ; Korea ; Orthopedics ; Osteoarthritis ; Pathology ; Rupture ; Surgeons ; Tears

Experimental osteoarthritis has been studied by various methods such as local compression of the joint, immobilization of the joint, relief of the contact and incision of the meniscus. The instability caused by the ligament injuries of the knee joints of the rabbits induced degenerative changes of the articular cartilages. After excision of the medial collateral ligament, medial meniscus and both cruciate ligament, the articular cartilages were observed serially after 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 weeks, grossly and microscopically. The results obtained are as follows; 1. Loss of transluscency and luster was observed even in the early group of the first week, and was followed by erosion and fissure on the articular cartilage in the groups of the third and later weeks grossly. 2. Microscopically, cluster formation of the chondrocytes on the articular cartilage was observed in the group of the first week and there was tendency of increase in its numbers and extents in the subsquent groups. Fibrillation and cleft formation was also observed in these groups. 3. Loss of metachromasia was observed in the groups of the second and subsquent weeks, but it was most prominant in the groups of the sixth and eighth weeks. 4. The tendancy of cluster formation was more prominent, compared with those of fibrillation or erosion.
Cartilage, Articular ; Chondrocytes ; Collateral Ligaments ; Immobilization ; Joints ; Knee Joint ; Knee ; Ligaments ; Menisci, Tibial ; Osteoarthritis ; Rabbits

TGF-p receptor mutation is now considered as one of the carcinogenic process of many tumors. To evaluate whether there is an abnormality in TGF-p type II receptor in osteosarcoma cell lines, we performed Northern analysis, cross-linking assay, luciferase activity and TGF-p growth inhibition assay in four osteosarcoma cell lines: G292, U202, HOS and SaOS. We also transfected the tumor cells with normal TGF-p type II receptor sequence to find if there is a possibility of gene therapy in osteosarcoma. In Northern analysis, Type II receptor expressions were decreased at SaOS, U202 and HOS cell lines. In cross-linking assay, all four cell lines didnt show type II receptor at their cell surface. The growth of these tumor cells were not suppressed by TGF-p. From these findings, we concluded that the normal production of TGF-p type II receptor was impaired in osteosarcoma. The transfection of these tumor cells with normal type II receptor sequence restored growth inhibition by TGF-p. This means even though TGF-p type II receptor is abnormal in osteosarcoma, we can restore its function by transfection of normal sequence. We think that the TGF-p type Il receptor gene therapy can be one of the treatment method for osteosarcoma in the future.
Cell Line* ; Genetic Therapy ; Luciferases ; Osteosarcoma* ; Transfection

No abstract available.

Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) is a deubiquitinating enzyme that is highly expressed in neurons, and gathering evidence indicates that UCH-L1 may play pathogenic roles in many neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease (PD). Additionally, lipid rafts have attracted interest in neurodegeneration as playing a common role in many neurodegenerative diseases. In the present study, we demonstrated that UCH-L1 associates with lipid rafts as with other PD-associated gene products. In addition, UCH-L1 regulates lipid raft-dependent endocytosis and it is not dependent on the expression and degradation of caveolin-1 or flotillin-1. Finally, UCH-L1 regulates cell-to-cell transmission of α-synuclein. This study provides evidence that many PD-associated gene products share common signaling pathways to explain the pathogenesis of PD.
alpha-Synuclein ; Alzheimer Disease ; Caveolin 1 ; Endocytosis* ; Neurodegenerative Diseases ; Neurons ; Parkinson Disease ; Prion Diseases ; Ubiquitin Thiolesterase* ; Ubiquitin*

Althaea rosea has been used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat numerous diseases, but no studies have investigated its anti-influenza properties to date. In this study, we investigated the anti-influenza effects of Althaea rosea. BALB/c mice orally pretreated with Althaea rosea (200 µL, 0.1 mg/mL concentration in phosphate-buffered saline) and followed by infection of influenza A virus nasally showed higher survivability and lower lung virus titer against divergent subtypes of influenza A virus infection. We also found that oral administration of Althaea rosea elicited antiviral innate immune responses in serum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, small intestinal fluid, and the lungs. Taken together, these findings suggest that aqueous extracts of Althaea rosea are a potential candidate for use as an anti-influenza drug.
Administration, Oral ; Althaea ; Animals ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; Immunity, Innate ; Influenza A virus ; Interferon Inducers ; Lung ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Mice ; Plants, Medicinal ; Viral Load

Althaea rosea has been used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat numerous diseases, but no studies have investigated its anti-influenza properties to date. In this study, we investigated the anti-influenza effects of Althaea rosea. BALB/c mice orally pretreated with Althaea rosea (200 µL, 0.1 mg/mL concentration in phosphate-buffered saline) and followed by infection of influenza A virus nasally showed higher survivability and lower lung virus titer against divergent subtypes of influenza A virus infection. We also found that oral administration of Althaea rosea elicited antiviral innate immune responses in serum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, small intestinal fluid, and the lungs. Taken together, these findings suggest that aqueous extracts of Althaea rosea are a potential candidate for use as an anti-influenza drug.