No abstract available.
Constriction, Pathologic*

No abstract available.
Bile* ; Biliary Tract Diseases* ; Biliary Tract*

Many Investigations have evaluated the effect of oxygen free radical scavenger on the infarct size after reperfusion. but those were not consistent in results. Many hypotheses for the discrepancy were proposed but not satisfactory. The present study evaluated the ability of superoxide dismutase-polyethylene glycol(SOD-PEG) to reduce the infarct size,and the effect of cell swelling on the result, and parameters influencing the infarct size. Coronary artery was occluded for 45 minutes and reperfused for 4 hour.In 5 rabbits,SOD-PEG was infused for 15 minutes from 15 minutes before reperfused. In 7 rabbit, 5% dextrose solution was administrated instead. Infarct size was measured by triphenyl terazolium chloride and risk area by monastral blue. Water content was calculated from difference of weights before and after drying in 85degrees C for 24 hours. Blood pressure, heart rate, and double product were analysed. The results are as follows; 1) hemodynamic parameters of blood pressure, heart rate, and double product were not different between two groups. The risk volume (p>0.05) and infarct volume(p<0.05) were smaller in treated group than in control group, and the ratio of risk area to total myocardium was lower in treated group than in cotrol group without statistic significance. 2) The percentage of infarct size in risk area was smaller in treated group than control group(p<0.05) 3) There was no difference in water content of normal, risk, and infarct areas. 4) Blood pressure,heart rate,and double product were not related to the infarct size directly. 5) The ratio infarct size to risk area had good positive relation with the ratio of risk area to total myocardium in total(R=0.84, p<0.001) and control groups(R=0.89, p<0.01). In conclusion, SOD-PEG could not rule out the infarct size and cell swelling didn't infulence area in treated group although the ratio of risk volume to total was not different statisitically between two groups.
Blood Pressure ; Coronary Vessels ; Glucose ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Myocardium ; Oxygen ; Reperfusion* ; Superoxides* ; Water ; Weights and Measures

No abstract available.
Arthritis, Infectious* ; Hip Joint* ; Hip*

To investigate the morphologic evidence of acute renal failure by folate, histological, histochemical (PAS), enzyme histochemical (Na-K-ATPase, G6PD, and ALP), and ultrastructural studies were performed. The results are as follows: l) Oliguria was most severe 3 hours after folate and the urine volume was 24.8% that of the control group. 2) Histologically, dilatation of tubules, degeneration and focal necrosis of the cortical tubules, and PAS(+) droplets in the tubular lumen were noted. And also frequent mitoses, mild interstital connective tissue proliferation, and neutrophilic infiltrates were observed in the late stage. 3) On enzyme histochemical examination, the activities of Na-K-ATPase and ALP were decreased, but G6PD activity was increased in comparison with the control group. 4) The ultrastructural studies revealed cytoplasmic vacuoles, apical cytoplasmic blebbing, dense bodies, mildly swollen mitochondria, dilated endoplasmic reticulum, loss bf brush border of the proximal tubules, and loss of microvilli of the thin limb of Henle's loop. Later, marked attenuation or loss of infoldings of basal plasma membrane of the cortical tubules was recognized. According to above results, the cause of acute renal failure by late is thought to be the injuries of tubular epithelial cells including sodium pump secondary to tubular obstruction.
Rats ; Animals

Percuaneous mitral valvuloplasty(PMV) is an alternative to surgical mitral commissurotomy for patients with mitral stenosis. To assess the immediate and follow-up results of PMV and to identify factors in fluencing the outcome and coplications of PMV, we analyzed the clinical, echocardiographic and hemodynamic data of 108 patients who underwent PMV. 1) Good hemodynamic results were obtained in 86 patients(79.6%). The factors predicting immediate outcome of PMV were mitral valve mobility, total echoscore, and EBDA/BSA. 2) Predictors of the increase in mitral valve area by PMV were age, sex, rhythm, and NYHA functional class before PMV. The independant predictors were rhythm(p=0.008) and functional class(p=0.002). 3) The degree of mitral regurgitation increased in 26 patients(24%), did not changed in 79 patients(73%) and decreased in 3 patients(3%). The increase of MR could not predicted from any features of the clinical, echocardiographic or hemodynamic daa. The severity of MR decreased by one grade in 15% of patients and did not change in 66% of patients during follow-up. 4) Left-to-right shunt was detected in 19 patients(18%). The predictors were valve mobility, pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance. 5) Follow-up catheterization(mean 14 months) identified restenosis in six of 16 patients. The predictors of restenosis were sex, total echosecore, and left atrial volume. 6) The hemodynamic data at follow-up were good compared with prePMV data(p<0.01), but follow-up miral valve area decreased than that of postPMV(p<0.05). Immediate decrease in pulmonary vascular resistance followed by progressive improvement during follow-up. 7) Immediate complications of PMV were peripheral arterial embolism in one patient(1%), pericardial effusion in two(2%), transient arrhythmia in four(4%), left-to-right shunt in nineteen(18%) and increase in the grade of MR in twenty-six(24%). This study suggests, that PMV produces excellent immediate and follow-up results and is a safe and effective procedure in the nonsurgical treatment of mitral stenosis.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Echocardiography ; Embolism ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Mitral Valve ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency ; Mitral Valve Stenosis* ; Pericardial Effusion ; Pulmonary Artery ; Vascular Resistance

Percuaneous mitral valvuloplasty(PMV) is an alternative to surgical mitral commissurotomy for patients with mitral stenosis. To assess the immediate and follow-up results of PMV and to identify factors in fluencing the outcome and coplications of PMV, we analyzed the clinical, echocardiographic and hemodynamic data of 108 patients who underwent PMV. 1) Good hemodynamic results were obtained in 86 patients(79.6%). The factors predicting immediate outcome of PMV were mitral valve mobility, total echoscore, and EBDA/BSA. 2) Predictors of the increase in mitral valve area by PMV were age, sex, rhythm, and NYHA functional class before PMV. The independant predictors were rhythm(p=0.008) and functional class(p=0.002). 3) The degree of mitral regurgitation increased in 26 patients(24%), did not changed in 79 patients(73%) and decreased in 3 patients(3%). The increase of MR could not predicted from any features of the clinical, echocardiographic or hemodynamic daa. The severity of MR decreased by one grade in 15% of patients and did not change in 66% of patients during follow-up. 4) Left-to-right shunt was detected in 19 patients(18%). The predictors were valve mobility, pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance. 5) Follow-up catheterization(mean 14 months) identified restenosis in six of 16 patients. The predictors of restenosis were sex, total echosecore, and left atrial volume. 6) The hemodynamic data at follow-up were good compared with prePMV data(p<0.01), but follow-up miral valve area decreased than that of postPMV(p<0.05). Immediate decrease in pulmonary vascular resistance followed by progressive improvement during follow-up. 7) Immediate complications of PMV were peripheral arterial embolism in one patient(1%), pericardial effusion in two(2%), transient arrhythmia in four(4%), left-to-right shunt in nineteen(18%) and increase in the grade of MR in twenty-six(24%). This study suggests, that PMV produces excellent immediate and follow-up results and is a safe and effective procedure in the nonsurgical treatment of mitral stenosis.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Echocardiography ; Embolism ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Mitral Valve ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency ; Mitral Valve Stenosis* ; Pericardial Effusion ; Pulmonary Artery ; Vascular Resistance

Foreign bodies of the upper gastrointestinal tract are found in all age groups, and the foreign bodies can be ingested incidentally or intentionally. They are usually common in children, but they have also been discovered in adults with esophageal disease, artificial teeth, mental retardation, in patients seeking secondary gains and in alcoholics. The types of foreign bodies vary for different social and cultural conditions, and can include coins, corks, toys, fish bones, toothbrushes, needles, nails and pens. Foreign bodies of the upper gastrointestinal tract are usually passed into the intestinal tract spontaneously, but sometimes intervention is required. We report a case of an 80-year-old man with a past medical history of depressive disorder that had ingested adhesives. The adhesives present in the esophagus were removed by the use of therapeutic endoscopy. However, the adhesives in the stomach were too large to remove by the use of an endoscopic procedure, and gastrotomy was performed.
Adhesives ; Adult ; Aged, 80 and over ; Alcoholics ; Child ; Cyanoacrylates ; Depressive Disorder ; Eating ; Endoscopy ; Esophageal Diseases ; Esophagus ; Foreign Bodies ; Humans ; Intellectual Disability ; Intention ; Nails ; Needles ; Numismatics ; Play and Playthings ; Stomach ; Tooth, Artificial ; Upper Gastrointestinal Tract

Tuberculosis is one of the main infectious health problems in Korea, and a combination of antibiotics is required to treat this illness. The combination therapy with rifampicin, isoniazid, ethambutol and pyrazinamide has many adverse reactions and there have been several case reports about pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) after anti- tuberculosis treatment. Rifampicin is regarded as a main cause of anti-tuberculosis induced PMC because of its bacteriocidal effect, and interruption of the offending drug, such as rifampicin, is usually necessary to treat the PMC. However, in patents with uncompensated tuberculosis, the discontinuance of anti-tuberculosis medication accentuates the disease severity, and continuance of the anti-tuberculosis medication is necessary to overcome the tuberculosis. We report here on a case in which the anti- tuberculosis agents induced PMC in 32 year old female who was diagnosed with active pulmonary tuberculosis. She was treated with maintenance of the anti-tuberculosis medication and also the addition of both oral metronidazole and probiotics.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous ; Ethambutol ; Female ; Humans ; Isoniazid ; Korea ; Metronidazole ; Probiotics ; Pyrazinamide ; Rifampin ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

In Korea, the number of Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infections has suddenly increased and has become the most common cause of acute viral hepatitis during recent years. A 36-year-old female was diagnosed with acute fulminant hepatitis caused by HAV. Her clinical symptoms and AST/ALT recovered after supportive treatment; however, a re-elevation of AST/ALT was observed. Weperformed another viral marker study, autoimmune marker study and liver biopsy to rule out another hepatic insult. As a result, anti- HEV IgM, an anti-nuclear antibody and anti-smooth muscle antibody were positive and liver histology showed chronic hepatitis. In conclusion, we report a case of hepatitis A and E coinfection in an autoimmune hepatitis patient.
Adult ; Biomarkers ; Biopsy ; Coinfection ; Female ; Hepatitis ; Hepatitis A ; Hepatitis A virus ; Hepatitis E ; Hepatitis, Autoimmune ; Hepatitis, Chronic ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin M ; Korea ; Liver ; Muscles