No abstract available.
Duodenal Ulcer* ; Humans ; Recurrence*

Truncus arteriosus is a rare congenital heart disease which is diagnosed in from 1 to 2 percent of congenital cardiac birth. Whithout surgical intervention, survival beyond infancy is unusual. Unoperated patients who survive to adult life have associated pulmonary stenosis or have developed pulmonary arteriolar disease. We report a case of truncus arteriosus in a 17-year-old man with a review of literature.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Humans ; Parturition ; Pulmonary Valve Stenosis ; Truncus Arteriosus*

Subclavian steal syndrome caused by an acute thrombus is very rare. We present a case of cerebellar infarction with proximal subclavian artery thrombosis. A 56-year-old woman was admitted for sudden vertigo. One day prior to admission, she received a shoulder massage comprised of chiropractic manipulation. On examination, her left hand was pale and radial pulses were absent. Blood pressure was weak in the left arm. Downbeat nystagmus and a right falling tendency were observed. Brain MRI showed multiple acute infarctions in the left cerebellum. The findings of Doppler ultrasonography in the left vertebral artery were compatible with a partial subclavian artery steal phenomenon. Digital subtraction angiography demonstrated a large thrombus in the left subclavian artery. After heparin infusion, thrombus size markedly decreased. Cerebellar infarction caused by acute subclavian thrombosis following minor trauma is rare, but the thrombus can be successfully resolved with anticoagulation.
Brain Infarction/*diagnosis/etiology/pathology ; Cerebellar Diseases/diagnosis/etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Middle Aged ; Thrombosis/*complications

No abstract available.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Epidermal characteristics of cholesteatoma such as invasion, migration, uncoordinated proliferation, and altered differentiation may arise as a result of defectiVe wound healing process, induction of preneoplastic transformation or genetic alteration. To date, a number of genes haVe been shown to be differentially regulated in cholesteatoma, which might be responsible for these clinical characteristics. HoweVer, it is still unclear whether these phenomena is only oVert when cholesteatoma is under specific conditions such as inflammation or infection. If these genetic alterations in the deVelopment of cholesteatoma are transient, the pathology of cholesteatoma may be reVersible. We hypothesized that once cholesteatoma is in the normal environment, the cellular or molecular pathology of cholesteatoma can return to normal epidermal characteristics. The aim of this study was to determine whether common molecular characteristics are reVersible or not after removal of inductive factors in aural cholesteatoma induced gerbils. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We induced canal ligation cholesteatoma using Mongolian gerbils. The treated group was untied and managed for 2 weeks. We examined differences between treated cholesteatoma and untreated cholesteatoma by using a TUNEL staining and immunohistochemical technique with proliferation markers (PCNA, cytokeratin 13/16). RESULTS: With PCNA and CK 13/16, untreated group showed positive staining in the suprabasal cells as well as in the basal cells, but the treated group showed weakly positive staining only in the basal cell layer. With TUNEL staining, positive cells increased more in the untreated group than in the treated group. CONCLUSION: These results encourage our belief that some cholesteatomas, especially cholesteatoma in early stages, might be managed with only minimal treatments such as control of inflammation and maintenance of adequate Ventilation.
Cell Differentiation ; Cholesteatoma* ; Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear ; Gerbillinae* ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Inflammation ; Keratins ; Ligation ; Pathology ; Pathology, Molecular ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; Ventilation ; Wound Healing

Purpose: This paper aims to develop a clinical decision support system (CDSS) that can help detect the stone that is most important to the diagnosis of urolithiasis. Among them, especially for the development of artificial intelligence (AI) models that support a final judgment in CDSS, we would like to study the optimal AI model by comparing and evaluating them. Methods: This paper proposes the optimal ureter stone detection model using various AI technologies. The use of AI technology compares and evaluates methods such as machine learning (support vector machine), deep learning (ResNet-50, Fast R-CNN), and image processing (watershed) to find a more effective method for detecting ureter stones. Results: The final value of sensitivity, which is calculated using true positive (TP) and false negative and is a measure of the probability of TP results, showed high recognition accuracy, with an average value of 0.93 for ResNet-50. This finding confirmed that accurate guidance to the stones area was possible when the developed platform was used to support actual surgery. Conclusions The general situation in the most effective way to the detection stone can be found. But a variety of variables may be slightly different the difference through the term could tell. Future works, on urological diseases, are diverse and the research will be expanded by customizing AI models specialized for those diseases.

Major known causes of neonatal adrenal insufficiency are prolonged maternalsteroid use, adrenal hemorrhage from the perinatal stress and adrenogenital syndrome. Theoretically adrenal aplasia might be a cause of neonatal adrenal insufficiency but it has not been reported yet. We had experienced a case of adrenal aplasia in a 5 day-old male neonate whose chief complaint was hyperpigmentation. His laboratory findings were compatible with adrenal insufficiency and adrenal gland was not detected by the ultrasonography and thin section abdominal CT. We reported a case of adrenal aplasia with a brief review of the related literature.
Adrenal Glands ; Adrenal Insufficiency ; Adrenogenital Syndrome ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hyperpigmentation ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ultrasonography

BACKGROUND: This study was designed to evaluate the clinical efficasy of lovastatin, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, in patients with hypercholesterolemia. METHODS AND RESULTS: Lovastatin 20 to 80 mg were administered once daily for 12 weeks in twenty five patients(11 male, 14 famale ; nine patients with familial hypercholesterolemia) with hypercholesterolemia(>240mg/dl). Compared with pretreatment levels, lovastatin significantly decreased levels of total cholesterol(309+/-46mg/dl versus 201+/-37mg/dl) by 35%, LDL-cholesterol(230+/-48mg/dl versus 125+/-40mg/dl) by 46% and triglyceride(170+/-76 versus 142+/-66mg/dl) by 11% (p<0.05) with significantly decreased levels of total-cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol ratio(7.4+/-2.1 versue 4.6+/-1.5) and LDL-cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol ratio(5.6+/-1.9 versue 2.9+/-1.4) (p<0.005 except triglyceride, respectively). The level of Apo B(183+/-32mg/dl versus 114+/-26mg/dl) was decreased significantly by 37%(p<0.005) with significantly decreased level of Apo A-1(115+/-22 to 122+/-26mg/dl) was increased significantly by 6%(p<0.05). No serious side effects were found. CONCLUSIONS: Results from the present study show that lovastatin is an effective and well-tolerated cholesterol-lowering agent.
Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia* ; Lovastatin* ; Male ; Oxidoreductases ; Triglycerides

BACKGROUND: This study was designed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of pravastatin, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, in patients with hypercholesterolemia. Methods and RESULTS: Pravastatin 5 mg was administered twice daily for 12 weeks in twenty five patients(12 male, 13 female) with hypercholesterolemia(>240 mg/dl). Compared with pretreatment levels, pravastatin significantly decreased levels of total cholesterol(281+/-41mg/dl versus 218+/-31mg/dl) by 22% and LDL-cholesterol(199+/-46mg/dl versus 137+/-37mg/dl) by 31% with significantly decreased total-cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol ratio(7.1+/-3.0 versus 5.1+/-1.6) and LDL-cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol ratio(5.1+/-2.5 versus 3.3+/-1.4) (p<0.005, respectively). During pravastatin treatment, the level of Apo B(164+/-38mg/dl versus 123+/-20mg/dl) was decreased significantly by 24% with significantly decreased Apo B/Apo A-1 ratio(1.4+/-0.5 versus 1.0+/-0.3) (p<0.005, respectively). No serious side effects were found. CONCLUSIONS: Results from the present study show that pravastatin is an effective and well-tolerated cholesterol-lowering agent.
Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia* ; Male ; Oxidoreductases ; Pravastatin*

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to analyze the mitochondrial DNA in failing and normal hearts. METHODS: Genomic DNA was extracted from 18 failing and 4 normal hearts. The DNA was digested with each 50 units of BamH I, Pvu II, Pst I, and hybridized using DNA fragments encoding CO II (cytochrome oxidase II) and CO IU. They were detected using 'Fluorescein Gene Images' system. RESULTS: The light microscopic feature of failing myocardium was compatible with that of primary cardiomyopathy. In southern blot analysis, there was no significant difference in mitochondrial DNA amounts between normal and failing hearts. The amount of mitochondrial DNA in hearts, whether normal or failing, was greater than that in lymphocytes. There were no abnormal bands except 16.6kb-normal band using the enzyme BamH I, Pvu II from failing and normal hearts. After digesting with Pst I, 2.1kb band was found using probe CO II and 14.5kb band using probe CO III. CONCLUSION: The amount of mitochondrial DNA in hearts, whether normal or failing, was greater than that in lymphocytes, which suggests that the heart is an active organ in the energy metabolism. Abnormal band was not found in southern blot analysis of the mitochondrial DNA from failing and normal hearts. The more sensitive method such as PCR is required to detect the presence of sma11 amount of mutated DNA.
Blotting, Southern ; Cardiomyopathies ; DNA ; DNA, Mitochondrial* ; Energy Metabolism ; Heart Failure ; Heart* ; Lymphocytes ; Myocardium ; Oxidoreductases ; Polymerase Chain Reaction