This paper present 105 cases which were admitted to the Department of Pediatrics of Dong San Presbyterian Hospital from Jan. 1978 to July, 1980 The results are summarized as follows; 1) Age incidence, 94% of patients were under age of two, 88.2% of patients were under one year, and adults were high incidence in Korea. 2) Male to female ratio was 2.1:1 3) In seasonal incidence, spring was relatively high. 4) In 76.4% of cases, their body weight were over 50 percentile of Korean normal infants and children. 5) The patients who visited hospital within 24 hrs. from onset of symptom was occupied in 57.7%. 6) The cardinal symptom and signs were vomiting (89.4%), abdominal pain. Irritability, crying, (72.9%), mucous bloody stool (70.6%) and abdominal mass (42.1%) 7) In analysis by intussusception type(40.0%), ileocolic type (23.5%), ileoileal type(17.6%), jejunojejunal type (17.6%), in adults. 8) In simple abdominal X-ray figures showed the dilatation due to gastrostomy 52.9% and phenomenon of fluid retention 30.6%. 9) Etiologic causes were confirmed only 7.1% in children and 29.4% in adults, the causes in 92% were idiopathic in children and 70.6% in adults respectively. 10) In previous illness, we find out its predisposing factors 42.4% in children. 11) Hydrostatic barium reduction was successed in 47.1% of all cases and operative cases were 47%
Abdominal Pain ; Adult ; Barium ; Body Weight ; Causality ; Child ; Crying ; Dilatation ; Female ; Gastrostomy ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Intussusception* ; Korea ; Male ; Pediatrics ; Protestantism ; Seasons ; Vomiting

No abstract available.
Pulmonary Embolism*

No abstract available.
Arthritis, Infectious* ; Hip Joint* ; Hip*

Background: Postoperative sore throat is a complaint after general anesthesia of multifactorial etiology. The laryngeal mask airway (LMA) reduces sore throat and discomfort during maintenance of the airway and make patients more comfortable. The purpose of this study was to compare effect of patient's position during operation on postoperative sore throat after the use of LMA. Methods: The fifty three patients were randomly divided into two groups. Group 1 (n=30) was underwent general anesthesia with supine position and group 2 (n=23) with prone position. After the LMA was positioned in the hypopharynx and the cuff inflated, fiberoptic laryngoscope was immediately passed down through the LMA. Number of attempts, degree of postoperative sore throat and other complications were also noted. Results: The incidence of postoperative sore throat after the use of LMA was 10% in supine position and 4% in prone position. But the difference between the groups was not statistically significant. All of the reported sore throats were rated as mild. Conclusions: Postoperative sore throat after the use of LMA is mild and the incidence is not affected by the prone position during the operation.
Anesthesia, General ; Humans ; Hypopharynx ; Incidence ; Laryngeal Masks* ; Laryngoscopes ; Pharyngitis* ; Prone Position* ; Supine Position

The purpose of nursing education is to prepare the professional practitioner as nurse who will be interested in the health and the related aspects of community and will assume responsibility for contributing toward the improvement of the health for the all. This means that nursing education must provide opportunities for the development of knowledge, skills, and attitudes which make this possible. Consequently, this approach has relevance for nursing education. Faculty engaged in endless debates about what is to be included, and to what death, and what will be given short shrift as a result. Thus, it can be seen why there is so much confusion and lack of agreement between the emphasis and objectives in nursing. This study attempted to review and identify the curriculum content of child nursing in Korea to build and develop the standard curriculum contents for national board examination for nurses and child's health needs for the coming 21st century. The questionnaire was consisted of items for selection and organization of the knowledge components and type of unit with weigh to be attained in child nursing. Response of 34% of nursing program in university and junior college. Content analysis was done by using consensual validation of essential knowledge for curriculum content to identify what is obvious or trivial. This study pointed out that it is not yet apparent that demographic fact has greatly influenced child nursing curriculum content. In a similar vein the majority of content of child nursing devote little time and weigh to social and epidemically significant to child health. It seems to be needed that the content of child nursing may push the paradigm shift in nursing education such as health promotion and prevention for postretinal roles of child and family. In conclusion, it is time to convoke and content and standardization on job analysis for national board exam for nurses in Korea.
Child* ; Curriculum* ; Education, Nursing ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Korea* ; Nursing* ; Veins ; Child Health ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Loa loa is unique among the human filariae in that adult worms are occasionally visible during subconjuntival migration. A 29-yr-old African female student, living in Korea for the past 5 yr without ever visiting her home country, presented with acute eyelid swelling and a sensation of motion on the left eyeball. Her symptoms started one day earlier and became worse over time. Examination revealed a threadlike worm beneath the left upper bulbar conjunctiva with mild eyelid swelling as well as painless swelling of the right forearm. Upon exposure to slit-lamp illumination, a sudden movement of the worm toward the fornix was noted. After surgical extraction, parasitologic analysis confirmed the worm to be a female adult Loa loa with the vulva at the extreme anterior end. On blood smear, the microfilariae had characteristic features of Loa loa, including sheath and body nuclei up to the tip of the tail. The patient also showed eosinophilia (37%) measuring 4,100/microliter. She took ivermectin (200 microgram/kg) as a single dose and suffered from a mild fever and chills for one day. This patient, to the best of our knowledge, is the first case of subconjunctival loiasis with Calabar swelling in Korea.
Adult ; Animals ; Conjunctiva/parasitology ; Conjunctival Diseases/*parasitology ; Eye Infections, Parasitic/*parasitology ; Female ; Humans ; Loa/isolation & purification ; Loiasis/*parasitology

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) has largely replaced open surgical intervention for the management of renal pelvis calculi as it reduces patient morbidity and shortens hospital stay. However, major complications such as hydrothorax or pneumothorax can be encountered uncommonly. A 64-year-old, 48 kg, female patient underwent PCNL under general anesthesia. The preoperative chest X-ray showed normal findings. Elevated airway pressure was noted and then breathing sounds were not audible on the right lung field during the procedure. A chest X-ray and chest computerized tomographic scan, taken immediately after the operation, showed massive hydrothorax and total collapse in the right lung. After drainage of the pleural effusion via chest tube, the patient recovered completely. Anesthesiologists should be aware that hydrothorax can occur during the PCNL procedure and must be prepared to intervene quickly.
Anesthesia, General ; Calculi ; Chest Tubes ; Drainage ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrothorax* ; Kidney Pelvis ; Length of Stay ; Lung ; Middle Aged ; Nephrostomy, Percutaneous* ; Pleural Effusion ; Pneumothorax ; Respiratory Sounds ; Thorax

Twenty-four ma1e a1bino rats were chosen at random and divided into two dietary groups: one for control (diet 1) and the other for an experimental diet (diet 2). Diet II consisted of the basal diet supplemented with red pepper powder in increasing amounts from 1.25%, 1.8% and 2.5% to 3.6%. With a red pepper diet at the 2.5% level, there was a significantly lower efficiency of food utilization. (p=0.05) The apparent digestlbility of calcium with red pepper concentrations from 2.5 to 35% was about 13% greater than in tile control diet. Thus red pepper appears to affect the solubility of calcium in the diet. Serum alpha-Carotene and Vitamin A showed a tendency to increase slightly with a red pepper diet. No histological changes in the gastric mucosa cells were observed in rats fed a red pepper diet. Further investigation is required to define the effects of red pepper in different species of animals.
Absorption* ; Animals ; Calcium* ; Capsicum* ; Diet ; Gastric Mucosa ; Rats* ; Solubility ; Vitamin A* ; Vitamins*

The 46, XX male syndrome is rare disease that is characterized by a phenotypic male who has a 46, XX female karyotype. Since the first report by de la Chapelle and associates in 1964, several cases have been reported, but it is still a rare entity. Recently we examined a 20-year-old XX male who had the symptoms of gynecomastia, an infantile appearance of the external genitalia, scanty pubic hair, no Adams apple, and no axillary hair. We presently describe a patient with the 46, XX male syndrome who showed a 46, XX karyotype on chromosomal study and review the literatures.
46, XX Testicular Disorders of Sex Development* ; Female ; Genitalia ; Gynecomastia ; Hair ; Humans ; Karyotype ; Male ; Rare Diseases ; Young Adult

BACKGROUND: Bokildo (Islet) has been well known as an endemic area of paragonimiasis in Korea, and still crayfishes caught from this area are used as source of intermediate host of experimental paragonimiasis. For the reason, this study was carried out to elucidate the present status of human paragonimiasis in this region and intestinal parasitoses were studied at the same time. METHODS: From June 9 to June 12, 1999 authors visited Buyong-ri and Buwhang-ri which are located in the endemic area. All possible inhabitants including nursery children, primary and middle school children were examined by intra-dermal skin test with veronal buffered saline (VBS) antigen of Paragonimus westermani and Clonorchis sinensis. Sputa were collected from 22 adults of positive reactors. Stool examination was done for the intestinal parasites, and anal swabs with adhesive tape for the pinworm were carried out simultaneously. RESULTS: Overall positive rate in skin test was 9.5% in inhabitants, and higher rate was observed in older age groups. On microscopic examination of sputa for pargonimiasis, 2 egg-positive cases from 55-year old man and woman were detected. Prevalence rate of intestinal parasites was 7.8% (26/332) and the most predominant infected parasite was Trichuris trichiura (4.2%). The pinworm infection rate was 29.7% (nursery school children 30.0%, primary school children 29.6%, respectively). CONCLUSION: Through this study human paragonimiasis was confirmed and the life cycle of Paragonimus westermani was known to be maintained continuously in this region. Meanwhile control of intestinal parasites should be performed, especially in school children.
Adhesives ; Adult ; Astacoidea ; Barbital ; Child ; Clonorchis sinensis ; Enterobius ; Female ; Humans* ; Korea* ; Life Cycle Stages ; Middle Aged ; Nurseries ; Paragonimiasis* ; Paragonimus westermani ; Parasites ; Prevalence ; Skin Tests ; Trichuris