Xeroderma pigmentosum is a hereditary disorder characterized by the early development of pigmentary chnges, atropht, keratoses, and carcinoma, predominantly light exposed area skin.Two cases of xeroderma pigmentosum complicated by basal cell Ca. were presented. The one was 15 years old male who had been suffered from pea to walnut sized multiple tumors and ulcers on the face with scattered brownish macuIes on the eun exposed area since about 9 years old of his age. The other was 22 years old maIe who had been suffered from the same skin lesions as the former on the face, neck and dorsum of hands. In both cases skin lesions aggravated during each summer seasons and there were on history of convulsions and other neurological symptoms Histopathological findings of tumors on both cases revealed typical findings of basal cell Ca.
Adolescent ; Child ; Hand ; Humans ; Ichthyosis* ; Juglans ; Keratosis ; Male ; Neck ; Peas ; Seasons ; Seizures ; Skin ; Ulcer ; Xeroderma Pigmentosum* ; Young Adult

The aim of this stud y was to compare the epidermal thinning properties of four corticosteroid ointments applied under occlusion, using histology and histometry. The results were surnmerized as follows: 1.The stratum corneurn was dramatically thinned, appearing as a wispy layer of horny cells as apposed to the norrnal basket-weave configuration. this effect was prominent at sites treated with clobestasol propionate, fluocinonide, and fluocinolone acetonide. 2. With the histometry, visible epidermal thickness wa.s markedly reduced. This effect w is prominent in the following ascending order: fluocinolone acetonide, fluocienonide, clobestasol-17-propionate. Hydrocortisone was the least atrophogenic. 3. Clohestasol-17-propionate and fluocinonide caused significant flattening of dermo-epidermal junction, Fluocinolone acetonide and hydrocortisone caused less pronounced cbanges. 4. Marked capillary dilation af papilly dermis is caused by clobestasol-17-propionate, fluocinonide and fluocinolone acetonide.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones* ; Atrophy* ; Capillaries ; Dermis ; Diethylpropion ; Epidermis* ; Fluocinolone Acetonide ; Fluocinonide ; Humans* ; Hydrocortisone ; Ointments

This study was performed to compare manual liquid-based preparation with conventional Papanicolaou tests in view of the cytologic diagnoses and specimen adequacy. The specimens of 5,979 women from 33 local clinics and 1 general hospital were prepared by both manual liquid-based preparation and conventional Papanicolaou test. The cytologic diagnoses and specimen adequacy were evaluated in Department of Pathology in Kyoungpook National University School of Medicine. A conventional Papanicolaou test was always prepared first, after that residual material on the sampling device was rinsed into a liquid preservative, and then thin-layer slides were prepared using manual method of liquid-based cervicovaginal cytology. Conventional and liquid-based slides were read independently, and cytologic diagnoses and specimen adequacy were classified using the Bethesda System. Of the cases, 5,763(96.3%) had the same interpretation, and there was no significant diagnostic difference in 5,853(97.8%) cases. When evaluating cases with more than one diagnostic class difference, the manual liquid-based preparation demonstrated a statistically significant overall improvement(2.1%) in the detection of squamous intraepithelial lesion and invasive cancer. Using manual method of liquid- based preparation, there was 14.1% reduction in unsatisfactory slides through excellent cellular presentations. In conclusion, the manual liquid-based preparation produces standardized quality, superior sensitivity and improved adequacy as compared to the conventional method.
Diagnosis ; Female ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Papanicolaou Test* ; Pathology

Papular acantholytic dyskeratosis is a collection of papular skin lesions that occur in the intertriginous and genital area. They show a characteristic histology of focal suprabasal acantholysis that distinguishes it from Hailey-Hailey disease or Darier disease. We describe a 50-year-old man with an asymptomatic papular eruption on the perianal area for several years. Histologically, a biopsy specimen showed diffuse hyperkeratosis and irregular acantholysis throughout the epidermis. We used carbon dioxide laser therapy as a therapeutic option. Despite causing a long and painful healing process, a considerable reduction of the symptoms was achieved. Although we do not know the precise nature or the incidence of this disease, papular acantholytic dyskeratosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of verrucous papules in perineal or perianal areas and carbon dioxide laser may represent a good therapeutic option.
Acantholysis ; Biopsy ; Carbon Dioxide* ; Carbon* ; Darier Disease ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Epidermis ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lasers, Gas* ; Middle Aged ; Pemphigus, Benign Familial ; Skin

BACKGROUND: AEB071, an orally available PKC inhibitor, prevents organ rejection after transplantation in rodents and man. Furthermore, pro-inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory processes are important mediators of transplanted organ rejection. We therefore examined whether single or combination therapies of AEB071 and/or tacrolimus affect cytokine profiles in a rat cardiac allograft model. METHODS: AEB071 (60 mg/kg twice a day) and tacrolimus (0.6 or 1.2 mg/kg once a day) were orally administered daily after cardiac transplantation. Interferon (IFN)-gamma, interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha levels in serum were subsequently measured 5 days after cardiac transplantation using a multiplex protein assay system. RESULTS: All cytokine levels were significantly depressed in cardiac transplanted rats treated with AEB071, whereas tacrolimus only reduced IFN-gamma, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10 levels. When administered in combination, AEB071 and low- or high-dose tacrolimus had additive effects on IFN-gamma, IL-4, IL-6, and TNF-alpha. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that AEB071 inhibits T cell activation by blocking the production of proinflammatory cytokines, and that tacrolimus combined with AEB071 can effectively regulate inflammatory cytokines in the transplantation setting.
Animals ; Cytokines ; Heart Transplantation ; Immunosuppression ; Interferons ; Interleukin-10 ; Interleukin-2 ; Interleukin-4 ; Interleukin-6 ; Interleukins ; Pyrroles ; Quinazolines ; Rats ; Rejection (Psychology) ; Rodentia ; Tacrolimus ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Transplants ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Most congenital obstructions of right ventricular outflow occur at the infundibular, pulmonary valvular, or pulmonary arterial levels. Less frequently, stenosis is present in the sinus portion of the right ventricle and is caused by an obstructing aberrant muscle bundle or band crossing the chamber below the infundibulum. This abnormality has been called the double chambered right ventricle. We have reviewed our experience with 18 patients with a double chambered right ventricle who had been admitted to the SNUH. 1) Age distribution was from 2 to 36 years old with a mean age of 12.8 years. There were 13 female patients and 5 male patients with a 2.6:1 female to male ratio. 2) The chief complaints of the patients were dyspnea on exertion(50%), known congenital heart disease(27.8%), and cyanosis(16.7%), in that order. The physical findings were grade III-V/VI systolic murmurs and other findings of associated cardiac anomalies. 3) The electrocardiographic findings were as follow: left ventricular hypertrophy(33.3%), right ventricular hypertrophy(22.2%), and biventricular hypertrophy(22.2%), Pressure gradients within the right ventricle were noted in 13 cases(72.2%), and filling defects on right ventricular cineangiography were noted in 14 out of 15 cases(93.3%). The echocardiographic findings were not diagnostic, except for the associated cardiac anomalies. 4) 14 cases were operated with a result of aberrant muscle bundles in the right ventricular cavity. All were removed surgically. 1 case was confirmed by autopsy Other 3 cases(Who had pressure gradients within the right ventricular cavity and filling defects on the right ventricular cineangiogram) showed little symptoms, and there has been a continuous follow up on these patients. 5) The associated cardiac anomalies were as follows: 13 cases(72.2%) of ventricular septal defect, 1 case(5.6%) of bicuspid tricuspid valve, 1 case(5.6%) of persistent left sided superior vena cava, and 1 case(5.6%) of aortic regurgitation. There was 3 cases of isolated double chambered right ventricle(16.5%).
Adult ; Age Distribution ; Aortic Valve Insufficiency ; Autopsy ; Bicuspid ; Cineangiography ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Dyspnea ; Echocardiography ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; Heart Ventricles* ; Humans ; Male ; Systolic Murmurs ; Tricuspid Valve ; Vena Cava, Superior

Fixed drug eruption is a commonly reported mucocutaneous drug eruption. A 61-year-old male presented to our clinic with a complaint of an itchy round erythematous patch on the left hand dorsum with myalgia. On taking medical history, the patient correlated the episode with the intake of an oral sexual enhancer that he had obtained over the counter. We found the medicine contained tadalafil and sildenafil in combination with herbal ingredients. A short course of oral corticosteroid therapy resulted in the complete resolution of the lesion leaving residual hyperpigmentation of the skin involved. Various sexual enhancers with fancy names and attractive packaging are available without requiring a doctor's prescription. Most contain phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors in various concentrations, often with herbal additions. These drugs are used erratically by the lay public, and often produce side effects. Herein, we report a case of fixed drug rash related to a sexual enhancer, which we believe to be the first report in Korea.
Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 5 ; Drug Eruptions* ; Exanthema ; Hand ; Humans ; Hyperpigmentation ; Korea ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myalgia ; Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors ; Prescriptions ; Product Packaging ; Sildenafil Citrate ; Skin ; Tadalafil

Progressive cribriform and zosteriform hyperpigmentation (PCZH) is a distinctive pigmentary disorder observed along the lines of Blaschko. Clinically, the lesions appear as uniformly tan, cribriform macular hyperpigmentation with a zosteriform distribution, without a history of rash, injury, inflammation, or other associated cutaneous or internal abnormalities. Histopathological specimens show increased melanin pigmentation in the basal cell layer with a complete absence of nevus cells. We report 8 cases of PCZH and review the literature on this peculiar disorder.
Exanthema ; Hyperpigmentation* ; Inflammation ; Melanins ; Nevus ; Pigmentation ; Triacetoneamine-N-Oxyl

Ectopic extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) is a rare variant of EMPD that develops in non-apocrine regions. We present a 70-year-old man in whom ectopic EMPD affected the lower back. Initially, erythematous scaly plaques with several papules on the back were suggestive of Bowen's disease. However, the biopsy specimen and immunohistochemical study results were consistent with EMPD features. The lesion was resected with a 1-cm safety margin and covered with a full thickness local skin graft. Ectopic EMPD is so rare that only few cases of EMPD in a non-apocrine region have been reported. We considered this case of EMPD on the back to be interesting since there has been no previous case reported in this location in Korea.
Aged ; Biopsy ; Bowen's Disease ; Humans ; Korea ; Paget Disease, Extramammary* ; Skin ; Transplants

Liquid-Based Uterine Cervicovaginal Cytology is known to be a sensitive and effective screening method for cervical neoplasm. MonoPrepTM, ThinPrepTM, and SurePathTM methods have been recently used as Liquid- Based Uterine Cervicovaginal Cytology techniques, and the SurePathTM method has been used in Sung-Yoon Reference Laboratory since 2003. The goal of Liquid-Based Uterine Cervicovaginal Cytology is to separate cervical epithelial cells from non-target cells, red blood cells and neutrophils. This report describes a study which evaluated cellularity, stainability, and cellular changes of epithelial cells in samples processed using a manual technique as compared to samples processed using SurePathTM automated method. The samples processed by means of a manual technique contained a cellularity of epithelial cells similar to that of the samples processed using the SurePathTM automated method. In addition, we compared variable density gradient reagents, including dextran, dextrose, and sucrose, to SurePathTM gradient media in order to evaluate cell fractionation and cellularity of epithelial cells. 10% dextran of gradient media shows good fractionation. The samples processed with 10% dextran demonstrated sufficient cellularity of epithelial cells and shows the fewest cellular changes. In conclusion, using a manual technique on these samples is easier to read than those results obtained using the SurePathTM automated method.
Cell Fractionation ; Cervix Uteri ; Dextrans ; Epithelial Cells ; Erythrocytes ; Female ; Glucose ; Indicators and Reagents ; Mass Screening ; Neutrophils ; Sucrose ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms