No abstract available.
Epinephrine* ; Tonsillectomy*

No abstract available.
Cholesteatoma* ; Otitis Media* ; Otitis* ; Temporal Bone*

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Nasal polyps are a condition of uncertain etiology. Cytokines are thought to play a role in nasal polyps in vitro, but in vivo studies on the patterns of cytokine expression in nasal polyps have been limited. The aim of the present study is to gain a better understanding of the pathophysiology of nasal polyps by defining the patterns of expression of cytokine mRNA and p53 in the nasal mucosa of patients with nasal polyps. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This objective was supported by performing RT-PCR (reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction) for IL-2, INF-gamma (T1 cytokine), IL-5, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13 (T2 cytokine), TNF-alpha, TGF-beta1, and p53. RESULTS: Observation of the nasal polyps indicated significant increases in mRNA for T2 cytokines and p53 over controls. The expressions of IL-10 and IL-13 mRNA in the nasal mucosa of non-allergic patients were stronger than in that of allergic patients. CONCLUSION: This result suggests that the pathogenesis of nasal polyps is associated with T2 cytokines and p53.
Cytokines* ; Humans ; Interleukin-10 ; Interleukin-13 ; Interleukin-2 ; Interleukin-5 ; Interleukin-8 ; Nasal Mucosa ; Nasal Polyps* ; Polyps ; RNA, Messenger ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

The mucociliary system has primary defence mechanism in the respiratory tract. The effects of various drugs used clinically in the treatment of disease of the nasal cavity have not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of alpha1 receptor agonist, phenylephrine hydrochloride on ciliary beat frequency in vitro using a video computerized analysis technique. The ciliated epithelial cells from the nasal mucosa in four volunteers were collected in a culture medium and exposed to 0.125%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 1.0%, and 2.5% phenylephrine hydrochloride solution according to 0.5 hour, 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, 8 hours, 12 hours, 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, and 6 days. There was a significant decrease in ciliary beat frequency with exposure to 0.125% phenylephrine hydrochloride solution for 12 hours, and 0.25% phenylephrine hydrochloride solution for 8 hours(p<0.05). There were cilioinhibitory effects with concentration dependent response by phenylephrine hydrochloride solution. After substitution of the culture medium with phenylephrine hydrochloride free one showed no ciliary recovery in all groups. The results of this study suggest that phenylephrine hydrochloride may have phamacologically a cilioinhibitory effect in vitro on ciliated epithelium.
Epithelial Cells ; Epithelium ; Nasal Cavity ; Nasal Mucosa ; Phenylephrine* ; Respiratory Mucosa* ; Respiratory System ; Volunteers

Peritoneal mesothelioma is an unusual disease which diffusely involves the peritoneal surface. The incidence is approximately one per 1,000,000, and one fifth to one third of all mesothelioma are peritoneal in origin. Asbestos exposure is linked to the development of peritoneal mesothelioma as a significant etiology, but further investigation shoud be conducted. Abdominal sonography, abdominal CT and cytologic examination of ascitic fluid are used to confirm the diagnosis, but rarely provides proper diagnosis. Laparoscopy with biopsy is the most common diagnostic method for definite diagnosis of mesothelioma. Cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal chemotherapy have been suggested for better survival since the median survival after the initial diagnosis is near to 50 months. This report describes a case of 73-years-old male patient presented with abdominal pain and distension. This patient had not been exposed to asbestos. Abdominal sonography and CT showed massive ascites, multiple omental masses and peritoneal thickening. It was difficult to distinguish peritoneal mesothelioma from carcinomatosis. Laparoscopy and peritoneal biopsy was conducted and immunostaining examination confirmed the diagnosis of peritoneal mesothelioma.
Aged ; Humans ; Male ; Mesothelioma/*diagnosis/etiology/surgery ; Peritoneal Neoplasms/*diagnosis/etiology/surgery

Perforation of the colon occurs in 0.2 to 2% of all colonoscopic examinations. The most common sites of perforation are rectosigmoid junction and cecal area. Colonic perforation, leading to tension pneumoperitoneum in most cases, may be caused by direct trauma or pressurized air. It should be suspected in patients with hypotension, tachycardia and tachypnea during or after the colonoscopy. An 83-year-old woman was admitted due to pulmonary embolism and left cerebellar infarction. Colonoscopy was performed due to bloody diarrhea. She was diagnosed as cytomegalovirus (CMV) colitis. One week after the colonoscopy, colon perforation was incidentally found on ascending colon, and tension pneumoperitoneum occurred immediately after the procedure. The perforated site was primarily closed and the patient discharged 20 days later. Herein, we report a case of tension pneumoperitoneum following colonoscopy in a patient with CMV colitis.
Aged, 80 and over ; Colitis/*diagnosis/virology ; Colon/*injuries ; Colonoscopy/*adverse effects ; Cytomegalovirus Infections/*diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Intestinal Perforation/*etiology ; Pneumoperitoneum/*etiology