The antihypertensive effects of diltiazem was observed in 30 cases of essential hypertension, and following results were obtained. 1) Mean decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure by oral diltiazem was 42.0+/-2.5mmHg and 17.8+/-1.7mmHg. The results of antihypertensive therapy revealed good control in 50% fair control in 30% poor in 17% and failure in 3% of the cases. In 80% of the cases, good or fair control of Hypertension which means drop of diastolic pressure to the level of less than 100mmhg was observed. 2) Mean drop in heart rate was 21+/-2 beats/min. 3) Daily dose was 90-180mg. 4) The side effect of oral Diltiazem was mild headache and dizziness, respectively one case.
Blood Pressure ; Diltiazem* ; Dizziness ; Headache ; Heart Rate ; Hypertension

Many Investigations have evaluated the effect of oxygen free radical scavenger on the infarct size after reperfusion. but those were not consistent in results. Many hypotheses for the discrepancy were proposed but not satisfactory. The present study evaluated the ability of superoxide dismutase-polyethylene glycol(SOD-PEG) to reduce the infarct size,and the effect of cell swelling on the result, and parameters influencing the infarct size. Coronary artery was occluded for 45 minutes and reperfused for 4 hour.In 5 rabbits,SOD-PEG was infused for 15 minutes from 15 minutes before reperfused. In 7 rabbit, 5% dextrose solution was administrated instead. Infarct size was measured by triphenyl terazolium chloride and risk area by monastral blue. Water content was calculated from difference of weights before and after drying in 85degrees C for 24 hours. Blood pressure, heart rate, and double product were analysed. The results are as follows; 1) hemodynamic parameters of blood pressure, heart rate, and double product were not different between two groups. The risk volume (p>0.05) and infarct volume(p<0.05) were smaller in treated group than in control group, and the ratio of risk area to total myocardium was lower in treated group than in cotrol group without statistic significance. 2) The percentage of infarct size in risk area was smaller in treated group than control group(p<0.05) 3) There was no difference in water content of normal, risk, and infarct areas. 4) Blood pressure,heart rate,and double product were not related to the infarct size directly. 5) The ratio infarct size to risk area had good positive relation with the ratio of risk area to total myocardium in total(R=0.84, p<0.001) and control groups(R=0.89, p<0.01). In conclusion, SOD-PEG could not rule out the infarct size and cell swelling didn't infulence area in treated group although the ratio of risk volume to total was not different statisitically between two groups.
Blood Pressure ; Coronary Vessels ; Glucose ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Myocardium ; Oxygen ; Reperfusion* ; Superoxides* ; Water ; Weights and Measures

No abstract available.
Embryonic Structures* ; Humans* ; Upper Extremity*

Percuaneous mitral valvuloplasty(PMV) is an alternative to surgical mitral commissurotomy for patients with mitral stenosis. To assess the immediate and follow-up results of PMV and to identify factors in fluencing the outcome and coplications of PMV, we analyzed the clinical, echocardiographic and hemodynamic data of 108 patients who underwent PMV. 1) Good hemodynamic results were obtained in 86 patients(79.6%). The factors predicting immediate outcome of PMV were mitral valve mobility, total echoscore, and EBDA/BSA. 2) Predictors of the increase in mitral valve area by PMV were age, sex, rhythm, and NYHA functional class before PMV. The independant predictors were rhythm(p=0.008) and functional class(p=0.002). 3) The degree of mitral regurgitation increased in 26 patients(24%), did not changed in 79 patients(73%) and decreased in 3 patients(3%). The increase of MR could not predicted from any features of the clinical, echocardiographic or hemodynamic daa. The severity of MR decreased by one grade in 15% of patients and did not change in 66% of patients during follow-up. 4) Left-to-right shunt was detected in 19 patients(18%). The predictors were valve mobility, pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance. 5) Follow-up catheterization(mean 14 months) identified restenosis in six of 16 patients. The predictors of restenosis were sex, total echosecore, and left atrial volume. 6) The hemodynamic data at follow-up were good compared with prePMV data(p<0.01), but follow-up miral valve area decreased than that of postPMV(p<0.05). Immediate decrease in pulmonary vascular resistance followed by progressive improvement during follow-up. 7) Immediate complications of PMV were peripheral arterial embolism in one patient(1%), pericardial effusion in two(2%), transient arrhythmia in four(4%), left-to-right shunt in nineteen(18%) and increase in the grade of MR in twenty-six(24%). This study suggests, that PMV produces excellent immediate and follow-up results and is a safe and effective procedure in the nonsurgical treatment of mitral stenosis.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Echocardiography ; Embolism ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Mitral Valve ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency ; Mitral Valve Stenosis* ; Pericardial Effusion ; Pulmonary Artery ; Vascular Resistance

Percuaneous mitral valvuloplasty(PMV) is an alternative to surgical mitral commissurotomy for patients with mitral stenosis. To assess the immediate and follow-up results of PMV and to identify factors in fluencing the outcome and coplications of PMV, we analyzed the clinical, echocardiographic and hemodynamic data of 108 patients who underwent PMV. 1) Good hemodynamic results were obtained in 86 patients(79.6%). The factors predicting immediate outcome of PMV were mitral valve mobility, total echoscore, and EBDA/BSA. 2) Predictors of the increase in mitral valve area by PMV were age, sex, rhythm, and NYHA functional class before PMV. The independant predictors were rhythm(p=0.008) and functional class(p=0.002). 3) The degree of mitral regurgitation increased in 26 patients(24%), did not changed in 79 patients(73%) and decreased in 3 patients(3%). The increase of MR could not predicted from any features of the clinical, echocardiographic or hemodynamic daa. The severity of MR decreased by one grade in 15% of patients and did not change in 66% of patients during follow-up. 4) Left-to-right shunt was detected in 19 patients(18%). The predictors were valve mobility, pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance. 5) Follow-up catheterization(mean 14 months) identified restenosis in six of 16 patients. The predictors of restenosis were sex, total echosecore, and left atrial volume. 6) The hemodynamic data at follow-up were good compared with prePMV data(p<0.01), but follow-up miral valve area decreased than that of postPMV(p<0.05). Immediate decrease in pulmonary vascular resistance followed by progressive improvement during follow-up. 7) Immediate complications of PMV were peripheral arterial embolism in one patient(1%), pericardial effusion in two(2%), transient arrhythmia in four(4%), left-to-right shunt in nineteen(18%) and increase in the grade of MR in twenty-six(24%). This study suggests, that PMV produces excellent immediate and follow-up results and is a safe and effective procedure in the nonsurgical treatment of mitral stenosis.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Echocardiography ; Embolism ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Mitral Valve ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency ; Mitral Valve Stenosis* ; Pericardial Effusion ; Pulmonary Artery ; Vascular Resistance

Sinoscopy as an endoscopic investigative method of examining the maxillary sinus offers the advantage of a direct local interpretation in contrast to the usual indirect methods. The beginning of sinoscopy dates back to Hirschmann (1903) and Spielberg (1922). During the last 20 years, this method has been reintroduced and refined. In spite of a large number of articles about sinoscopy from Europe, there have been no articles about sinoscopy from Korea. In the present study, 182 maxillary sinuses were examined by sinoscopy and PNS Xpray for diagnostic reasons. The failure rate in sinoscopy was 3.8% and the rate of incomplete sinoscopy was inferior to X-ray. The detection rate of antral secretion by sinoscopy was higher than by Xpray. In the bacteriological study of antral secretions the percentage of no-growth specimens was 75.7%. In all approximately ten strains of bacteria were isolated from the secretions. Among them, streptococcus was the most common organism found. Therapeutic sinoscopy was performed in 16 patients who suffered from subacute or chronic maxillary sinusitis. In 8 of these patients, local treatment during therapeutic sinoscopy improved the mucosal appearance.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Comparative Study ; Endoscopy* ; Female ; Human ; Male ; Maxillary Sinus*/radiography ; Maxillary Sinus*/secretion ; Middle Age ; Sinusitis/diagnosis* ; Sinusitis/radiography ; Sinusitis/therapy

The antihypertensive effects of single daily dose of long-acting propranolol(Inderal LA(R)) were observed in 29 cases of essential hypertension, and the results were as follows; 1) Age distribution of the cases was from 39 years to 72 years with the mean age of 51.3. And there were 13 female and 16 male patients. 2) Mean value of the hypotensive effects in systolic and diastolic blood pressure were 22.9 mmHg, and 11.5 mmHg, respectively. 3) The results of the antihypertensive effects were as follows; good 31.0%, fair 34.5%, poor 20.7%, and failure 13.8%. 4) The decrement of heart rate with long-acting propranolol was 9.3 per minute in average. 5) 1 case of nausea and 2 cases of lassitude were noted, but these symptoms were subsided spontaneously with continous medication.
Age Distribution ; Blood Pressure ; Fatigue ; Female ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Male ; Nausea ; Propranolol

No abstract available.
Biopsy, Needle* ; Needles*

No abstract available.
Eye Movements* ; Sensitivity and Specificity*

Several growth factors and polypeptides were studied for the regeneration of periodontal supporting tissues which had been lost due to periodontal disease. But these are not commonly used for regenerators of bone tissue or alveolar bone, because of the insufficiency of studies on their side effects, genetic engineering for mass production and stability for clinical application. Recently, many natural products, which have advantage of less side effects and possibility of long-term use, have been studied for their capacity and effects of anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory and regenerative potential of periodontal tissues. Cnidii Rhizoma, Rhinocerotis Cornu and Drynariae Rhizoma have been traditionally used as a drug for treatment of bone disease in oriental medicine. The purpose of this study was to examine the ability of alkaline phosphatase synthesis of MC3T3-E1 cells when above medicines were supplimented. MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured with alpha-MEM(negative control), dexamethasone(positive control), and each natural products for 3 and 5 days. And then ALP synthesis was measured by spectrophotometer for enzyme activity and by naphthol AS-BI staining for morphometry. Except Cnidii Rhizoma, all of the natural products of this study induced higher activity of ALP synthesis than controls. Among them Drynariae Rhizoma induced the highest activity. In the aspects of culturing time, all medicines did not showed the difference between 3 and 5 days, but 10-7g/ml group of Rhinocerotis Cornu showed significant increase at 3 days than at 5 days. These results indicate that several natural products have a inducing ability of ALP synthesis on osteoblasts.
Alkaline Phosphatase* ; Biological Products* ; Bone and Bones ; Bone Diseases ; Genetic Engineering ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Medicine, East Asian Traditional ; Osteoblasts ; Peptides ; Periodontal Diseases ; Polypodiaceae ; Regeneration