Idiopathic restrictive cardiomyopathy is characterized by clinical and hemodynamic findings of restrictive cardiomyopathy in the absence of morphologic cause. The differential diagnosis between idiopathic restrictive cardiomyopathy and noncalcified constrictive pericarditis is difficult but the distinction is crucial because of the therapeutic implication. The diagnosis of idiopathic restrictive cardiomyopathy is aided by echocardiography and cardiac catheterization, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. The patients should be approached systemically to differentiate from noncalcified constritive pericarditis.
Cardiac Catheterization ; Cardiac Catheters ; Cardiomyopathy, Restrictive* ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Echocardiography ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Pericarditis ; Pericarditis, Constrictive

No abstract available.
Edema* ; Humans ; Hydrops Fetalis* ; Infant, Newborn*

The objective of this study was to realize research demands by gathering the research agenda from the Korean Dental Hygienists Association and affiliated groups through a Delphi survey. The study subjects were the heads of eight groups. The Delphi survey was conducted by e-mail after a researcher explained the objective of the study to the heads. The research agenda was classified according to the Korean dental hygiene academic classification and the National Dental Hygiene Research Agenda classification. To compare the number of research agendas according to classification among the groups, we conducted a chi-squared test by using IBM SPSS 20.0. In total, 316 agendas were submitted. According to the Korean dental hygiene academic classification, there was a significant difference among the groups, and the agendas associated with clinical dental hygiene (36.7%) were the best. According to the National Dental Hygiene Research Agenda classification, there was no significant difference and the agendas associated with health promotion and disease prevention (27.8%) were the best. In conclusion, the Korean Dental Hygienists Association and affiliated groups demanded similar research agendas, corresponding to the purpose of each establishment. However, the groups did not seem to show unique characteristics according to the purpose of each establishment. In other words, the groups should corroborate such characteristics and suggest a corresponding agenda to establish specific areas of research in dental hygiene. Also, dental hygiene researchers should mark the academic classification of the studies they want to submit.
Classification ; Dental Hygienists* ; Electronic Mail ; Head ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Oral Hygiene*

Background: This study aimed to evaluate ChatGPT’s performance accuracy in responding to questions from the national dentalhygienist examination. Moreover, through an analysis of ChatGPT’s incorrect responses, this research intended to pinpoint the predominant types of errors. Methods: To evaluate ChatGPT-3.5’s performance according to the type of national examination questions, the researchers classified 200 questions of the 49th National Dental Hygienist Examination into recall, interpretation, and solving type questions. The researchers strategically modified the questions to counteract potential misunderstandings from implied meanings or technical terminology in Korea. To assess ChatGPT-3.5’s problem-solving capabilities in applying previously acquired knowledge, the questions were first converted to subjective type. If ChatGPT-3.5 generated an incorrect response, an original multiple-choice framework was provided again. Two hundred questions were input into ChatGPT-3.5 and the generated responses were analyzed.After using ChatGPT, the accuracy of each response was evaluated by researchers according to the types of questions, and the types of incorrect responses were categorized (logical, information, and statistical errors). Finally, hallucination was evaluated when ChatGPT provided misleading information by answering something that was not true as if it were true. Results: ChatGPT’s responses to the national examination were 45.5% accurate. Accuracy by question type was 60.3% for recall and 13.0% for problem-solving type questions. The accuracy rate for the subjective solving questions was 13.0%, while the accuracy for the objective questions increased to 43.5%. The most common types of incorrect responses were logical errors 65.1% of all. Of the total 102 incorrectly answered questions, 100 were categorized as hallucinations. Conclusion ChatGPT-3.5 was found to be limited in its ability to provide evidence-based correct responses to the Korean nationaldental hygiene examination. Therefore, dental hygienists in the education or clinical fields should be careful to use artificial intelligence-generated materials with a critical view.

BACKGROUND: High cortisol levels are frequently observed in patients with severe infections are of prognostic value in sepsis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical usefulness of serum cortisol in assessment for the severity of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). METHODS: This study analyzed the results of 52 CAP subjects admitted in Changwon Fatima Hospital between July 2008 to May 2010. Total serum cortisol, infection markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT) and CURB (Confusion, Uremia, Respiratory rate, Blood pressure)-65 were examined retrospectively. RESULTS: In clinically unstable subjects on admission day 4, baseline serum cortisol, CURB-65, and CRP were elevated significantly compared to those of stable subjects. Area under curve (AUC) of cortisol, CRP, and CURB-65 from ROC curves were 0.847, 0.783, and 0.724 respectively. In the subjects with serum cortisol > or =22.82 microg/dL, CRP, PCT, CURB-65 score, and mortality were significantly elevated. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that measurement of serum cortisol in early stage may provide helpful information in the assessment of CAP severity.
Area Under Curve ; C-Reactive Protein ; Calcitonin ; Community-Acquired Infections ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone ; Pneumonia ; Protein Precursors ; Respiratory Rate ; ROC Curve ; Sepsis ; Severity of Illness Index ; Uremia

Colorectal polyps of mesenchymal origin are a rare group of colorectal disorders. A "mucosal Schwann-cell hamartoma," which is one type of polypoid lesion that originates from the mesenchyme, is a newly-proposed disease entity to be distinguished from the neurofibromas found in type-1 neurofibromatosis. This lesion is composed of pure Schwann-cell proliferation in the lamina propria and shows diffuse immunoreactivity for the S-100 protein. We report a case of a polypoid lesion of the colon with the features of this recently-proposed disease entity.
Colon ; Hamartoma ; Mesoderm ; Mucous Membrane ; Neurofibroma ; Neurofibromatoses ; Neuroma ; Polyps ; S100 Proteins ; Schwann Cells ; SNARE Proteins

No abstract available.

Insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS) is characterized by spontaneous hypoglycemia caused by insulin autoantibodies in the absence of exogenous insulin administration. Some drugs containing sulfhydryl compounds are known to initiate the onset of IAS. A 67-year-old female who had diabetes for 5 years visited the outpatient clinic at our institution due to diabetic peripheral polyneuropathy. She was prescribed alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), which contains two sulfur atoms. Two weeks later, she complained of recurrent hypoglycemic symptoms. We detected a high level of insulin and high titers of insulin autoantibodies. Her human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotype included the DRB1*0406 allele, which indicates a high level of susceptibility to IAS. She was treated with prednisolone. After this episode, she experienced two more hypoglycemic events after taking ALA for diabetic neuropathy in other hospitals. As ALA can be used to treat diabetic peripheral polyneuropathy, physician discretion is advised based on the possibility of IAS due to ALA in diabetic patients.
Aged ; Alleles ; Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Autoantibodies ; Diabetic Neuropathies ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Hypoglycemia ; Insulin Antibodies ; Insulin* ; Leukocytes ; Polyneuropathies ; Prednisolone ; Sulfhydryl Compounds ; Sulfur ; Thioctic Acid*

Insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS) is characterized by spontaneous hypoglycemia caused by insulin autoantibodies in the absence of exogenous insulin administration. Some drugs containing sulfhydryl compounds are known to initiate the onset of IAS. A 67-year-old female who had diabetes for 5 years visited the outpatient clinic at our institution due to diabetic peripheral polyneuropathy. She was prescribed alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), which contains two sulfur atoms. Two weeks later, she complained of recurrent hypoglycemic symptoms. We detected a high level of insulin and high titers of insulin autoantibodies. Her human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotype included the DRB1*0406 allele, which indicates a high level of susceptibility to IAS. She was treated with prednisolone. After this episode, she experienced two more hypoglycemic events after taking ALA for diabetic neuropathy in other hospitals. As ALA can be used to treat diabetic peripheral polyneuropathy, physician discretion is advised based on the possibility of IAS due to ALA in diabetic patients.
Aged ; Alleles ; Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Autoantibodies ; Diabetic Neuropathies ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Hypoglycemia ; Insulin Antibodies ; Insulin* ; Leukocytes ; Polyneuropathies ; Prednisolone ; Sulfhydryl Compounds ; Sulfur ; Thioctic Acid*

PURPOSE: Phosphatase of regenerating liver-3 (PRL-3) has been associated with metastasis promotion. However, clinical applications of this association have not yet been clearly demonstrated. In this study, we evaluated the relation of PRL-3 mRNA level in primary colorectal cancer to the corresponding stage and to other clinicopathologic factors. METHODS: Two hundred forty-five patients with histologically-proven colorectal cancer underwent surgery between January 2004 and December 2006. RNA was extracted and cDNA was prepared by using reverse transcription. Quantification of PRL-3 was done using a real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Eighty-six cases with well-preserved specimens were enrolled: 53 males and 33 females. The mean age was 63.4 years. According to tumour node metastasis (TNM) stage of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC), stage I was 11 cases, stage II was 38 cases, stage III was 23 cases, and stage IV was 14 cases. Among stage IV cases, one case was combined with liver and lung metastases, and one case was combined with liver metastases and peritoneal dissemination. The remaining stage IV patients were combined with only liver metastases. There was a significant correlation in PRL-3 mRNA expression between primary colorectal cancer and corresponding tumor stage. PRL-3 mRNA expression was increased in the liver metastases cases. Lymphatic and vascular invasion were significantly related with PRL-3 mRNA levels. CONCLUSION: Advanced stage prediction may be obtained by measuring the level of PRL-3 mRNA expression in primary colorectal cancer. Especially, the risk of liver metastases may be predicted by measuring the level of PRL-3 mRNA expression in primary colorectal cancer. Further study is required to confirm these preliminary results.
Colorectal Neoplasms ; DNA, Complementary ; Female ; Humans ; Joints ; Liver ; Lung ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasm Proteins ; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Reverse Transcription ; RNA ; RNA, Messenger