BACKGROUND: Heavy alcohol consumption increases the risk of hypertension, but the effect of light to moderate alcohol consumption on the risk of hypertension remains controversial. In this cross-sectional study we aimed to identify the association between alcohol consumption and hypertension, and verify whether this association is influenced by age. METHODS: Study participants were 498 men and 610 women, aged 23 to 88 years, who underwent periodic health examinations at one institute in Incheon, Korea. RESULTS: Compared with nondrinkers, multivariate-adjusted odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval, CI) for hypertension according to the number of standard drinks consumed weekly was as follows: 1 to 3 drinks, OR = 1.13 (95% CI, 0.56-2.29); 4 to 10 drinks, OR = 0.51 (95% CI, 0.27-0.97); 11 to 18 drinks, OR = 1.11 (95% CI, 0.55-2.20); > or = 19 drinks per week, OR = 1.97 (95% CI, 1.18-3.29). A positive association between the prevalence of hypertension and alcohol consumption of > or = 19 drinks per week was found for patients aged > or = 60 years (OR = 2.47; 95% CI, 1.21-5.05), but not in patients aged < 60 years (OR = 1.54; 95% CI, 0.72-3.32). Light to moderate alcohol consumption from 4 to 10 drinks per week was significantly associated with a decreased risk of hypertension in subjects aged < 60 years (OR = 0.32; 95% CI, 0.11-0.97), but not in subjects aged > or = 60 years (OR = 0.70; 95% CI, 0.31-1.58). CONCLUSIONS: Light to moderate alcohol consumption can decrease the risk of hypertension, whereas heavy alcohol intake is associated with an increased risk of hypertension. The association between alcohol consumption and hypertension may be changed by age.
Age Factors ; Aged ; Alcohol Drinking ; Coronary Disease ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Light ; Male ; Odds Ratio ; Prevalence

PURPOSE: This study aims to investigate treatment of cancer patients at a secondary hospital. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed with electronic medical records of cancer patients admitted to a secondary hospital from January 1, 2009 through September 31, 2017. RESULTS: A total of 223 patients were studied. Sixty-nine patients were hospitalized for supportive care after receiving a surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy at a tertiary hospital, 58 patients for other supportive care, 53 patients for symptom control, 16 patients with a decision not to take active cancer treatment, and 27 patients for treatment of cancer that was diagnosed during their hospital stay. Among 75 patients who were discharged to other institutions, 50 were transferred to tertiary hospitals, 10 to long-term care hospitals, eight to hospice hospitals, four to nursing homes and two to secondary hospitals. Comorbidities were found in 120 patients (53.8%). For patients who consulted with more than one department, more consultations were for non-cancer diseases than cancer. Seventy-three patients had a do-not-resuscitate order. CONCLUSION: For treatment of cancer patients, it is needed to establish a cooperation system among medical institutions and provide comprehensive management including treatment of comorbidities.
Comorbidity ; Drug Therapy ; Electronic Health Records ; Hospices ; Humans ; Korea* ; Length of Stay ; Long-Term Care ; Nursing Homes ; Palliative Care ; Radiotherapy ; Referral and Consultation ; Resuscitation Orders ; Retrospective Studies ; Secondary Care Centers ; Tertiary Care Centers

Kikuchi-Fujimoto's disease (KFD), or histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, is a rare benign and self-limiting disease. KFD are confused with systemic autoimmune disease as they present with localized lymphadenopathy, fever, fatigue, arthritis, leukopenia. Furthermore as KFD can occur associated with other autoimmune disease, we need to diagnose carefully. Here, we describe a case of 27-year-old female patient, diagnosed as KFD, who subsequently developed adult onset Still's disesase (AOSD). As far as we know, this is the first case of KFD with AOSD in Korea.
Adult ; Male ; Female ; Humans

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is an inflammatory arthritis associated with psoriasis. There are no generally accepted diagnostic criteria for PsA. Indeed, the diagnosis of this inflammatory arthritis is made by exclusion of other possible diseases and based upon immunologic, radiologic, and clinical features which are consistent with the diagnosis. Inflammatory arthritis in a patient with psoriasis can be an important clue for the diagnosis of PsA, but the possibility for diagnosis of other inflammatory arthritides ever remains. Herein we report a case of a female patient who was not diagnosed with PsA, but with rheumatoid arthritis, even though she had psoriasis.
Adult ; Arthritis/classification/*diagnosis/*immunology ; Arthritis, Psoriatic/classification/*diagnosis/*immunology ; Bone and Bones/radiography/radionuclide imaging ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Skin/pathology

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to confirm the efficacy and safety of regorafenib for advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) reported in the GRID phase III trial in Korean patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-seven Korean patientswith advanced GISTwho experienced both imatinib and sunitinib failure were enrolled in the management access program between December 2012 and November 2013 and treated with regorafenib (160 mg orally once daily in a 3 weeks on/1 week off). RESULTS: None of the patients achieved a complete or partial response while 25 patients (44%) showed stable disease for ≥ 12 weeks. With a median follow-up of 12.7 months (range, 0.2 to 27.6 months), the median progression-free survival and overall survival were 4.5 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.8 to 5.3) and 12.9 months (95% CI, 8.1 to 17.7), respectively. Interestingly, 15 patients (26%) experienced an exacerbation of their cancer-related symptoms (abdominal pain in eight and abdominal distension in five) during the rest period for regorafenib, but all were ameliorated upon the resumption of regorafenib. The most common grade 3 or 4 adverse event was a hand-foot skin reaction (25%). The regorafenib dose was reduced in 44 patients (77%) due to toxicity, which manifested mainly as a hand-foot skin reaction (n=31). CONCLUSION: This study confirmed the efficacy and safety of regorafenib for advanced GIST after imatinib and sunitinib failure in Korean patients. Considering the exacerbation of the cancer-related symptoms observed during the rest periods, further exploration of the continuous dosing schedule of regorafenib is warranted in future clinical trials.
Appointments and Schedules ; Disease-Free Survival ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors* ; Humans ; Imatinib Mesylate* ; Skin

Antiphospholipid syndrome is an autoimmune disorder characterized by recurrent arterial or venous thrombosis, and pregnancy loss. A 57-year-old woman was admitted for aggravation of both leg ulcers. Venogram showed chronic venous obstructions at both lower extremities, and chest x-ray and computed tomography revealed serositis in pericardium and pleura. The laboratory tests revealed pancytopenia, and positive tests for antinuclear antibody, anti-dsDNA antibody, lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibody, which led to a diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome secondary to systemic lupus erythematous. After medical treatments by anticoagulation and immunosuppression, and surgical managements including subtotal skin graft and local flap surgery, leg ulcers had been successfully treated without recurrence. Recognition of antiphospholipid syndrome as a cause of venous ulcer and the treatment plans including anticoagulation and surgical management is important in proper managements.
Antibodies, Anticardiolipin ; Antibodies, Antinuclear ; Antiphospholipid Syndrome* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Immunosuppression ; Leg Ulcer* ; Leg* ; Lower Extremity ; Lupus Coagulation Inhibitor ; Middle Aged ; Pancytopenia ; Pericardium ; Pleura ; Pregnancy ; Recurrence ; Serositis ; Skin ; Thorax ; Transplants ; Varicose Ulcer ; Venous Thrombosis

Mutation or common intronic variants in cardiac ion channel genes have been suggested to be associated with sudden cardiac death caused by idiopathic ventricular tachyarrhythmia. This study aimed to find mutations in cardiac ion channel genes of Korean sudden cardiac arrest patients with structurally normal heart and to verify association between common genetic variation in cardiac ion channel and sudden cardiac arrest by idiopathic ventricular tachyarrhythmia in Koreans. Study participants were Korean survivors of sudden cardiac arrest caused by idiopathic ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation. All coding exons of the SCN5A, KCNQ1, and KCNH2 genes were analyzed by Sanger sequencing. Fifteen survivors of sudden cardiac arrest were included. Three male patients had mutations in SCN5A gene and none in KCNQ1 and KCNH2 genes. Intronic variant (rs2283222) in KCNQ1 gene showed significant association with sudden cardiac arrest (OR 4.05). Four male sudden cardiac arrest survivors had intronic variant (rs11720524) in SCN5A gene. None of female survivors of sudden cardiac arrest had SCN5A gene mutations despite similar frequencies of intronic variants between males and females in 55 normal controls. Common intronic variant in KCNQ1 gene is associated with sudden cardiac arrest caused by idiopathic ventricular tachyarrhythmia in Koreans.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac/genetics ; *Death, Sudden, Cardiac ; Ether-A-Go-Go Potassium Channels/genetics ; Female ; Genetic Markers ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genetic Variation ; Heart/physiology ; Heart Conduction System/abnormalities ; Humans ; KCNQ1 Potassium Channel/*genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; NAV1.5 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel/*genetics ; Republic of Korea ; Tachycardia, Ventricular/*genetics ; Ventricular Fibrillation/*genetics ; Young Adult

Lung cancer, breast cancer and lymphoma are the common oncologic causes of malignant pleural effusion, comprising more than the half of the causes. However, an endocrinologic carcinoma associated malignant effusion is very rare. Recently, we encountered a case of papillary thyroid carcinoma causing malignant effusion. An 83-year-old female patient presented with dyspnea due to massive pleural effusion in her left side. The pleural biopsy, pleural fluid cytology and breast needle aspiration biopsy results were consistent with a metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma. Thyroid ultrasonography showed two thyroid masses, but the patient refused a thyroid biopsy. This case highlights the need for considering the possibility of papillary thyroid carcinoma when the cause of malignant pleural effusion cannot be found because one of the rare clinical manifestations of a papillary thyroid carcinoma can be dyspnea due to malignant effusion.
Aged, 80 and over ; Biopsy ; Biopsy, Needle ; Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Dyspnea ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; Lymphoma ; Needles ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Pleural Effusion ; Pleural Effusion, Malignant ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; Ultrasonography

Lung cancer, breast cancer and lymphoma are the common oncologic causes of malignant pleural effusion, comprising more than the half of the causes. However, an endocrinologic carcinoma associated malignant effusion is very rare. Recently, we encountered a case of papillary thyroid carcinoma causing malignant effusion. An 83-year-old female patient presented with dyspnea due to massive pleural effusion in her left side. The pleural biopsy, pleural fluid cytology and breast needle aspiration biopsy results were consistent with a metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma. Thyroid ultrasonography showed two thyroid masses, but the patient refused a thyroid biopsy. This case highlights the need for considering the possibility of papillary thyroid carcinoma when the cause of malignant pleural effusion cannot be found because one of the rare clinical manifestations of a papillary thyroid carcinoma can be dyspnea due to malignant effusion.
Aged, 80 and over ; Biopsy ; Biopsy, Needle ; Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Dyspnea ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; Lymphoma ; Needles ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Pleural Effusion ; Pleural Effusion, Malignant ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; Ultrasonography

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Several criteria have been proposed to increase the objectivity, reliability and validity of causality assessment of adverse drug reactions (ADR). We compared the Naranjo probability scale and the World Health Organization-Uppsala Monitoring Centre (WHO-UMC) causality categories to evaluate the validity and clinical usefulness of these criteria. METHODS: We evaluated 100 ADR cases with the Naranjo probability scale and the WHO-UMC causality categories. The Spearman rank coefficient was used to determine the correlation of these criteria. The evaluation of the ADR was categorized into four groups for the Naranjo system: definite, probable, possible, and doubtful, and six groups for the WHO UMC: certain, probable, possible, unlikely, conditional/unclassified, and unassessable. RESULTS: The criteria used form these two systems showed some differences when compared with the same ADR cases. The Spearman rank coefficient was 0.519 (p<0.001) and the agreement was 55% between the Naranjo probability scale and the WHO-UMC causality categories. The Naranjo probability scale includes measurements for drug concentration, objective evidence of ADR, ADR to previous exposures, responses to placebo, and the dose adjustment of drugs. However, few cases were evaluated for all of these measures. CONCLUSIONS: The Naranjo probability scale may be helpful for assessing unexpected ADRs and useful for evaluators with little experience. However, some of the items are not utilized and there are discrepancies when compared with the WHO-UMC causality criteria.
Drug Toxicity ; Reproducibility of Results ; World Health ; World Health Organization