No abstract available.
Amniotic Band Syndrome* ; Infant, Newborn

No abstract available.
Rhinitis*

No abstract available.
Peritoneum*

No abstract available.
Leiomyoma* ; Vagina*

Facial nerve schwannomas are uncommon tumors that involve the facial nerve. They are frequently misdiagnosed due to subtle and variable clinical presentations. The aim of management of facial nerve schwannoma is the complete removal of tumor, combined with preservation or restoration of facial nerve continuity. The site, size of the tumor, age, preoperative hearing level and facial nerve function are consider as decision making factors. But, it is management dilemma to decompress or resect the tumor. The purpose of this paper is to discuss to surgical management of complete removal of tumor and successful facial nerve reconstruction. Recently, we experienced three patients with facial nerve schwannoma with relatively good surgical result.
Decision Making ; Facial Nerve* ; Hearing ; Humans ; Neurilemmoma*

BACKGROUND: In general, it is well known that dizzy patients show a remarkable ability to compensate for the loss of peripheral vestubular function. When the patient had decreased response to caloric stimulation and showed no symptoms of vestibular dysfunction, we thought that was a compensated state of unilateral peripheral vestibular loss. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to provide the basic data for analysis of findings of further rotatory chair test through analyzing the results of rotation test of unilateral peripheral vestibular loss patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analysed the findings of rotatory chair test and clinical manifestations of 24 cases of unilateral vestublar loss which didn't show any symptoms of vestibular dysfunction and they were confirmed by bithermal caloric test and Kobrak's ice water test. RESULTS: We could find that phase lead, low gain and asymmetry could persist despite of chronic compensated state and these findings were relatively common in patients with nonspecific vestibular symptoms. CONCLUSION: Abnornal phase lead and decreased gain were observed in the compensated unilateral vestibular loss patients who showed nonspecific symptoms including oscillopsia, vague unsteadiness. We thought that their compensation was not completely perfect and SHA test was a good tool which detect the minor degree of vestibular dysfunction. We have to consider the past history and nonspecific symptoms of patients through precise history taking. Frequency of SHA test is slower than that of normal human movement and this status is not a real physiologic condition, so it would be advisable to consider the results of other vestibular function tests for precise evaluation the degree of compensation, and the serial check is also recommended.
Caloric Tests ; Compensation and Redress ; Humans ; Ice ; Vestibular Function Tests ; Water

Neurofibromatosis type II(NF2) is clinically characterized by the presence of bilateral vestibular schwannomas. The exclusive goal in management of NF2 patients is hearing preservation. It has been controversial to determine whether to wait and see or to try early surgical management for hearing preservation. The authors experienced a case of vestibular schwannoma in association with NF2, which was partially removed and decompressed via middle fossa approach with hearing preservation. Based on our experience, we recommend a new strategy for hearing preservation on early surgical intervention of vestibular schwannoma. The criterias of the patient include (1) bilateral normal or serviceable hearing: (2) small sized tumorand: (3) young age. We suggest that the early surgical intervention including decompression may be considered for the hearing preservation especially on the favorable side to approach.
Decompression ; Hearing ; Humans ; Neurofibromatoses* ; Neurofibromatosis 2* ; Neuroma, Acoustic

BACKGROUND: Many animals such as chinchilla, guinea pig, rat and rabbit have been used for study of the otitis media and their morphology of the eustachian tube are well known. However, it is not easy to use these animals in Korea. Therefore, active morphological study of the eustachian tube related to otitis media have not been performed. The Mongolian gerbil is an easily maintained rodent which has been useful for investigations of the ear canal cholesteatoma and inner ear. However, histologic study of the eustachian tube of Mongolian gerbil has not been established. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to describe the light microscopic morphology and the ultrastructure of the eustachian tube in Mongolian gerbil in order to prepare basic morphological data for the future animal study concerning pathogenesis of otitis media. MATERIALS & METHOD: Eight normal adult(90 to 120 days old) Mongolian gerbils(16 ears) were used for this study. Eustachian tube specimen was obtained after perfusion fixation and fixed. After 3 weeks of decalcification, paraffin block and EPON 812 block were made and sectioned. Those were observed under light microscope and transmission electron microscope. RESULTS: The cartilage and muscular structure(tensor veli palatini muscle, levator veli palatini muscle) of the eustachian tube of Mongolian gerbil were similar to those of other experimental animals. The total length of eustachian tube of Mongolian gerbil was relatively short and natural infection was rare.In the epithelium of the eustachian tube of Mongolian gerbil, four types of epithelial cells, ie ciliated, nonciliated, secretory cells and basal cells were identified like other experimental animals. On transmission electron microscopic findings, three types of secretory cells, ie, dark granulated, light granulated and mixed granulated cells were observed. The subepitheial glandular structure was observed along the whole length of eustachian tube. CONCLUSION: In this study, we found that the morphology of the eustachian tube of Mongolian gerbil was similar to those of other experimental animals such as chinchilla, guinea pig, rat and we recognized that Mongolian gerbil is possible to be used as a good experimental model of eustachian tube study for otitis media research.
Animals ; Cartilage ; Chinchilla ; Cholesteatoma ; Ear Canal ; Ear, Inner ; Epithelial Cells ; Epithelium ; Eustachian Tube* ; Gerbillinae* ; Guinea Pigs ; Korea ; Models, Theoretical ; Otitis Media ; Paraffin ; Perfusion ; Rats ; Rodentia

Nine adult patients with non-traumatic primary intraventricular hemorrhage (PIVH) were reviewed. Lack of lateralizing sign could be one of the differential points between PIVH and secondary intraventricular hemorrhage (SIVH). In three cases, vascular malformations were identified. Bleeding diathesis was present in one. The pathogenesis of hemorrhage in the remaining five cases was speculated. According to the mainly involved ventricle, prognosis was presumed to be variable. From this study, we conclude that for PIVH investigation including angiography and/or magnetic resonance imaging should be done to identify the etiology and to conduct appropriate management. Survival was more common than SIVH.
Adult ; Angiography ; Disease Susceptibility ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Prognosis ; Vascular Malformations

Truncus arteriosus is a rare congenital heart disease which is diagnosed in from 1 to 2 percent of congenital cardiac birth. Whithout surgical intervention, survival beyond infancy is unusual. Unoperated patients who survive to adult life have associated pulmonary stenosis or have developed pulmonary arteriolar disease. We report a case of truncus arteriosus in a 17-year-old man with a review of literature.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Humans ; Parturition ; Pulmonary Valve Stenosis ; Truncus Arteriosus*